Xamarin.Mac Introduction
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Learn to write native Mac apps using C# and .NET directly from Miguel de Icaza, cofounder and CTO of Xamarin.
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Xamarin.Mac Introduction
- 1. Xamarin.Mac Introduction Miguel de Icaza, CTO Xamarin miguel@xamarin.com January 10th 2013
- 2. Xamarin.Mac Overview • Build Mac applications with C# – Use C# and .NET libraries on Mac – All that you love: • LINQ, Task Parallel Library, async • GC, type safety, generics, dynamic and more. – Mac AppStore ready • Native Applications – Use native APIs to deeply integrate with OSX
- 3. Xamarin.Mac Overview 2.2B devices reachable with C#
- 4. Xamarin.Mac at a Glance Mono Runtime Xamaric.Mac Libraries Mono Core Class Libraries Tools and SDK • Binder • Bundler • Linker • Packager MonoDevelop IDE Xcode (UI Designer) Cocoa Frameworks System Libraries Darwin OS
- 5. Xamarin.Mac Frameworks • CoreGraphics • CoreImage • CoreText • CoreVideo Graphics • ImageKit • ImageIO • OpenGL • PDFKit • AppKit • CoreAnimation • CoreImage User Interface • QCComposer • QuickLook • SceneKit • WebKit • AVFoundation • AudioToolbox • AudioUnit Audio and Video • CoreMidi • CoreMedia • OpenAL • AddressBook • Bluetooth • CoreLocation • CoreServices System Services • CoreWLan • ScriptingBridge • StoreKit • CoreData • CoreFoundation • Darwin Infrastructure • Foundation • ObjCRuntime • Security
- 6. Lots shared with MonoTouch (iOS) • CoreGraphics • CoreImage • CoreText • CoreVideo Graphics • ImageKit • ImageIO • OpenGL • PDFKit • AppKit • CoreAnimation • CoreGraphics • CoreImage User Interface • QCComposer • QuickLook • SceneKit • WebKit • AVFoundation • AudioToolbox • AudioUnit Audio and Video • CoreMidi • CoreMedia • OpenAL • AddressBook • Bluetooth • CoreLocation • CoreServices System Services • CoreWLan • ScriptingBridge • StoreKit • CoreData • CoreFoundation • Darwin Infrastructure • Foundation • ObjCRuntime • Security
- 7. How does Xamarin.Mac work? • OSX Libraries Projected to C# – 1:1 mapping from OSX native APIs to C# • Objective-C (80% of APIs) – Object system mapped – Supports subclassing and overriding • C-based APIs (20% of APIs) – Exposed as C# classes/methods – No support for subclassing or overriding
- 8. The Basics • CoreGraphics • CoreImage • CoreText • CoreVideo Graphics • ImageKit • ImageIO • OpenGL • PDFKit • AppKit • CoreAnimation • CoreImage User Interface • QCComposer • QuickLook • SceneKit • WebKit • AVFoundation • AudioToolbox • AudioUnit Audio and Video • CoreMidi • CoreMedia • OpenAL • AddressBook • Bluetooth • CoreLocation • CoreServices System Services • CoreWLan • ScriptingBridge • StoreKit • CoreData • CoreFoundation • Darwin Infrastructure • Foundation • ObjCRuntime • Security
- 10. Anatomy of a Xamarin.Mac App NSDocument version Application Delegate Called with application events, among them “FinishedLaunching” Info.plist Application metadata, used by the OS (app name, requirements, doc type handlers, etc) Main application menu Interface definition for your main menu Implementation for your main window Code to implement the features of your Document handler. Main Window UI Definition UI for your Main Window, edited with Xcode.
- 11. Results
- 12. Structure of your App NSWindow The toplevel window in your app NSWindow.ContentView An NSViews, hosts all content
- 13. NSViews – Powerful containers • NSViews can contain other NSViews • NSViews can handle events • NSViews can paint themselves • NSViews can layout their nested NSViews • NSViews can be backed by a CALayer – CALayers are GPU accelerated • NSView properties can be animated
- 14. NSWindow and nested NSViews
- 15. AppKit - Application Framework • Pervasive use of Model View Controller – Unless you are writing a custom control – All logic goes into your controller class – Controller orchestrates work of views • Goes beyond the standard offering – High-level NSDocument does the heavy lifting – Full Menu, Saving, Loading, multi-window support
- 16. Extending our first Window Create + Initialize Object Hook up some code, lambda Subclass
- 17. My app in Action
- 18. Creating Beautiful Interfaces • Launch Xcode to edit XIB files. • Activate side-by-side view • Control-drag to source file.
- 20. Exposing the UI to Code • Outlets – Allows you to reference an object from code – Control-drag to source pane, and give it a name • Actions – Allows a method to be invoked as a response – Control drag to source pane, and give a name • In C# land – Actions become partial methods in your class – Outlets become properties in your class
- 21. Implementing Actions and using Outlets
- 22. Running
- 24. Events and Callbacks • In the C# world we are used to objects broadcasting events. Like this: – var myControl = new SomeControl (); – myControl.Clicked += SaveFile; – myControl.FocusIn += MakeFontBold; – myControl.FocusOut += ResetFont; MyControl SaveFile MakeFontBold ResetFont
- 25. Apple’s Idiom • Objects instead send interesting events to a “Delegate”. All messages are sent there. var myControl = new SomeControl () myControl.Delegate = new MyControlDelegate () myControlDelegate class MyControlDelegate : ControlDelegate { override Clicked () {…} override FocusIn () {…} override FocusOut () {…} } myControl
- 26. Xamarin.Mac and Delegates • Both models are supported – You get to choose in a per-instance basis • Apple Delegate pattern mapped to C# events – Internally, we create the Delegate class, map it to your C# lambda/anonymous method/delegate • One replaces the other
- 28. Shipping Your App - Yourself • App has full access to the system • Applications are shipped as “bundles” – Directory with .app extension – Self-contained, with no external dependencies – Optionally: generate installer from IDE as well. • MacOS recently enabled GateKeeper – This requires you to sign your app – Or apps wont start on modern systems1 (by default) 1. Technically any Mac running Mountain Lion (10.8.xx) or Lion 10.7.5 and newer
- 29. Shipping your App - AppStore • Mac App Store – Must apply to Apple for developer program – Must sign application – Submit app for review • App will be sandboxed • IDE signs, packages and launches uploader • See Xamarin’s docs for tutorial
- 30. MacOS X Sandbox • Kernel enforced sandbox • Limits access to the system: – Limitations on file system access – Use special Open/Save dialog panels – Limits access to services, and some kernel APIs
- 31. Mac AppStore – Sandbox Configuration Info.plist Editing this file brings up the metadata editor. Use this editor to configure your application requirements from the sandbox.
- 32. Next Steps Learn more at: - xamarin.com/mac - Docs.xamarin.com Free trial: - xamarin.com/trial April 14 – 17, Austin, TX 2 Days of Xamarin Technical Training & Certification 2 Conference days covering all things mobile Keynotes by Nat, Miguel and Scott Hanselman Call for speakers officially open & sponsorship information available at evolve@xamarin.com Deep Dive at Xamarin Evolve 2013
- 33. Pricing • Free trial at xamarin.com/trial • Professional: $399 • Enterprise: $999 per seat • Enterprise Priority: $2,499 per seat
- 34. Resources • Xamarin’s Mac Resources: – http://docs.xamarin.com/mac • API documentation: – Installed on first use (Apple + Xamarin Docs) • C# samples: https://github.com/xamarin/mac-samples • Support Forum: http://forums.xamarin.com/categories/mac • Apple Developer Portal: http://developer.apple.com/mac • Xamarin’s Evolve conference: http://xamarin.com/evolve
- 35. MORE INFORMATION
- 36. TouchDraw and iCircuit • TouchDraw • iCircuit
- 37. PROJECTIONS
- 38. Objective-C Projection to C# • What we map: – Classes – Structures – Methods and Properties – Objective-C blocks – Public global fields – Notifications – Dictionaries – Core data types • Follow the .NET Framework Design Guidelines
- 39. Projecting Classes and Structs • Identical class names • Scoped by namespace Example: NSWindow and NSURL Become MonoMac.AppKit.NSWindow MonoMac.Foundation.NSUrl
- 40. Projecting Methods and Properties • We rename methods to follow .NET FDG • Use C# overloading Example: -(void) drawString:(NSString *) str atPoint:(CGPoint)pos -(void) drawString:(NSString *) str Becomes: void DrawString (string str) void DrawString (string str, PointF position)
- 41. Projecting Blocks • Blocks are Objective-C lambdas • They are mapped to C# delegates – Can be used with C# lambdas or methods Example: (int)(^)(string msg, int flag) Becomes: delegate int X (string msg, int flag)
- 42. Projecting Notifications Regular Style/Objective-C Strongly Typed • Notifications are posted as strings + Dictionary • We map those to strong types + EventArgs
- 43. Projecting NSDictionary Options • Dictionaries are used to pass parameters • Loosely typed, hard to debug, hard to find • We provide strongly typed classes • They implicitly convert to NSDictionary – With the right magic keys – With the correct types for parameters
- 44. AppKit – The Heart of Mac Apps
Notes de l'éditeur
- Showcase some applications Frameworks available/bound Introduction to MacOS frameworks C# and Objective-C integration Kinds of programs you can build Small, depend on Mono Self-contained AppStore distribution The structure of a Xamarin.Mac app Main program Main loop Info.plist Editing properties Hands on Section Creating an app with a single window Structure of a project Menus Components. NSAlert (Sheets/Dialogs) Using NSDocument to leverage multiple toplevels What you get with it Debugging
- Basically, it is what dreams are made of.
- Learn almost everything there is to know about mobile development with Xamarin by attending our two-day Training & Certification program, for only $1,000, on April 14 & 15. Our fast-paced professional training days will give you an opportunity to dive deep and expand your expertise. And then join us for the Xamarin Evolve 2013 Conference, priced at $899, on April 16 & 17. Buy your tickets now–the first 100 to register will receive a 20% discount. The conference will include inspiring keynotes, a diverse lineup of must-see talks and presentations, and engaging activities like a party and hackathon.