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PROJEKTOVANJE PROIZVODNIH SISTEMA




             LEAN PROIZVODNJA
      - POREĐENJE LEAN I TRADICIONALNE PROIZVODNJE -



Profesor dr Milić Radović          Studenti:
                                   Aleksandra Stanić 744/08
                                   Mina Valčić 36/08
Istorijat LEAN koncepta

•   Japan, posle 2. svetskog rata

•Džejms    Vomak i Daniel Džons, Masačusetski
institut tehnologije, 1992. godina, knjiga Mašina
koja je promenila svet

•   Lean = Toyotin proizvodni sistem ?
Toyotin proizvodni sistem
• Glavni uočeni problemi:

      zapostavljaje kupca
      dugo vreme isporuke
      puno kooperanata, oslabljen odnos
      samo 10 % vremena rada od ukupnog, ode na direktnu
     obradu
      suviše neipravnih delova koje treba eliminisati
      promena alata dugo traje
      suviše nedovršenih proizvoda
Toyotin proizvodni sistem
• Pokretači:


                sve što tokom proizvodnog procesa na doprinosi
               vrednosti gotovog proizvoda, treba ukloniti iz
               procesa

                smanjiti što je više moguće vreme ciklusa
               proizvodnje proizvoda i smanjiti troškove
               nezavršene proizvodnje, a pritom povećati
               fleksibilnost sistema

                ne proizvoditi proizvode za koje ne postoji kupac,
               već napraviti kupcu proizvod kakav on želi, u što
               kraćem vremenskom roku
Definicija LEAN koncepta
• Lean = deo mesa koji nema masti

• Mršava fabrika koja minimizira gubitke tokom procesa
proizvodnje

• Lean proizvodnja je skup metoda i tehnika koje imaju za cilj
da u najvećoj mogućoj meri smanje sve gubitke koji nastaju
tokom procesa proizvodnje i svih procesa u preduzeću.

• Lean je proizvodna filozofija koja kada je implementirana
skraćuje vrijeme od narudžbe kupca do isporuke gotovog
proizvoda, eliminirajući sve izvore rasipanja (gubitaka) u
proizvodnom procesu.
Gubici u preduzeću
• WASTE – bilo kakva aktivnost u preduzeću koja ne doprinosi krajnjoj
vrednosti proizvoda – ona povećava proizvodno vreme i cenu koštanja
proizvoda

• 9 vrsta gubitaka:
                                             Poluispunjena čaša?
          Prekomerna prozvodnja
          Greške                       Pesimist: Čaša je poluprazna!
          Zalihe
          Transport                    Optimist: Čaša je polupuna!!
          Čekanje
                                        Lean razmišljanje:
          Korekcija
          Kretanje                     Zašto je čaša tako velika?
          Prekomerna obrada
          Nepovezanost znanja        Čaša=otpad, rasipanja, gubitak
Principi LEAN preduzeća

• Prepoznavanje    gubitaka

• Standardizacija procesa

• Neprekidan tok

• Sistem vučenja

• Kvalitet na izvoru

• Konstantno unapreĎenje
Rezultati implementacije
LEAN-a
    smanjene zalihe,
·   smanjeno vreme ciklusa proizvodnje,
·   povecanu operativnu gotovost,
·   povecan kvalitet proizvoda,
·   povecanu efikasnost radnika
·   smanjen broj otkaza mašina
·   povecanu iskorišcenost mašina i prostora
·   smanjina skladišta


 Metode i tehnike LEAN koncepta treba šematski predstaviti kao kuću, stabilnu
tvorevinu ljudskog rada. Ako bi trebalo objasniti LEAN kao delove te
kuće, noseći stubovi bi bili Just in Time i Jidoka (ili stvaranje kvaliteta na
izvoru). Temelji takve kuće bi bili lean filozofija, laka vizuelna upravljivost
sistema, povećana standardizacija i uravnotežena proizvodnja. Takvu kuću bi
održavali timovi ljudi kroz timski rad a sve ka konstantnom unapredenju
poslovanja
Lean vs Tradicionalna

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Lean vs traditional

  • 1. PROJEKTOVANJE PROIZVODNIH SISTEMA LEAN PROIZVODNJA - POREĐENJE LEAN I TRADICIONALNE PROIZVODNJE - Profesor dr Milić Radović Studenti: Aleksandra Stanić 744/08 Mina Valčić 36/08
  • 2. Istorijat LEAN koncepta • Japan, posle 2. svetskog rata •Džejms Vomak i Daniel Džons, Masačusetski institut tehnologije, 1992. godina, knjiga Mašina koja je promenila svet • Lean = Toyotin proizvodni sistem ?
  • 3. Toyotin proizvodni sistem • Glavni uočeni problemi:  zapostavljaje kupca  dugo vreme isporuke  puno kooperanata, oslabljen odnos  samo 10 % vremena rada od ukupnog, ode na direktnu obradu  suviše neipravnih delova koje treba eliminisati  promena alata dugo traje  suviše nedovršenih proizvoda
  • 4. Toyotin proizvodni sistem • Pokretači:  sve što tokom proizvodnog procesa na doprinosi vrednosti gotovog proizvoda, treba ukloniti iz procesa  smanjiti što je više moguće vreme ciklusa proizvodnje proizvoda i smanjiti troškove nezavršene proizvodnje, a pritom povećati fleksibilnost sistema  ne proizvoditi proizvode za koje ne postoji kupac, već napraviti kupcu proizvod kakav on želi, u što kraćem vremenskom roku
  • 5. Definicija LEAN koncepta • Lean = deo mesa koji nema masti • Mršava fabrika koja minimizira gubitke tokom procesa proizvodnje • Lean proizvodnja je skup metoda i tehnika koje imaju za cilj da u najvećoj mogućoj meri smanje sve gubitke koji nastaju tokom procesa proizvodnje i svih procesa u preduzeću. • Lean je proizvodna filozofija koja kada je implementirana skraćuje vrijeme od narudžbe kupca do isporuke gotovog proizvoda, eliminirajući sve izvore rasipanja (gubitaka) u proizvodnom procesu.
  • 6. Gubici u preduzeću • WASTE – bilo kakva aktivnost u preduzeću koja ne doprinosi krajnjoj vrednosti proizvoda – ona povećava proizvodno vreme i cenu koštanja proizvoda • 9 vrsta gubitaka: Poluispunjena čaša?  Prekomerna prozvodnja  Greške Pesimist: Čaša je poluprazna!  Zalihe  Transport Optimist: Čaša je polupuna!!  Čekanje Lean razmišljanje:  Korekcija  Kretanje Zašto je čaša tako velika?  Prekomerna obrada  Nepovezanost znanja Čaša=otpad, rasipanja, gubitak
  • 7. Principi LEAN preduzeća • Prepoznavanje gubitaka • Standardizacija procesa • Neprekidan tok • Sistem vučenja • Kvalitet na izvoru • Konstantno unapreĎenje
  • 8. Rezultati implementacije LEAN-a  smanjene zalihe, · smanjeno vreme ciklusa proizvodnje, · povecanu operativnu gotovost, · povecan kvalitet proizvoda, · povecanu efikasnost radnika · smanjen broj otkaza mašina · povecanu iskorišcenost mašina i prostora · smanjina skladišta Metode i tehnike LEAN koncepta treba šematski predstaviti kao kuću, stabilnu tvorevinu ljudskog rada. Ako bi trebalo objasniti LEAN kao delove te kuće, noseći stubovi bi bili Just in Time i Jidoka (ili stvaranje kvaliteta na izvoru). Temelji takve kuće bi bili lean filozofija, laka vizuelna upravljivost sistema, povećana standardizacija i uravnotežena proizvodnja. Takvu kuću bi održavali timovi ljudi kroz timski rad a sve ka konstantnom unapredenju poslovanja