1. Substance Abuse
Introduction
Types of drugs and their
effects
Causes
Treatment
Impact
Strategies for prevention

2. Introduction

Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, refers to a maladaptive
pattern of use of a substance that is not considered dependent. Some of the
drugs most often associated with this term include alcohol, amphetamines,
cocaine, opioids, etc.

Addiction to these substances leads to their abuse.

Abuse of both legal and illegal drugs.

3. Types of Drugs
Marijuana:
 Cannabis, also known as marijuana refers to
any number of preparations of the
Cannabis plant intended for use as a psychoactive
drug or for medicinal purposes.
 The typical herbal form of cannabis consists of the
flowers and subtending leaves and stalks
of mature pistil late female plants. The resinous form
of the drug is known as hashish (or merely as
'hash').
 Effects - Cannabis
has psychoactive and physiological effects.
 Increased heart rate
 Lowered blood pressure
 Impairment of short-term and working memory
 Psychomotor coordination
 Lack of Concentration

4. LSD:
Lysergic acid diethylamide is a
semisynthetic psychedelic drug of
the ergoline family. It is used mainly as
an entheogen, recreational drug, and as an
agent in psychedelic therapy.
Effects- the physical effects are:
Pupil dilation
Reduced appetite
Wakefulness
Numbness
Weakness
Nausea
Elevated blood sugar
Increase in heart rate
Jaw clenching
Perspiration
Sleeplessness
Tremors

5. Ecstasy – MDMA :













Commonly known as ecstasy,
often abbreviated as "E" or "X“ is
an entactogenic drug. MDMA can
induce euphoria, a sense
of intimacy with others, and
diminished anxiety.
Effects – The effects of Ecstasy
are:
Nausea
Sweating
Increased blood pressure
Increased body temperature
Decreased aggression
Lower vocabulary scores
Depression
Tremors
Blurred vision
Tissue and organ failure
Acute renal (kidney) failure

6. Cocaine :













Cocaine is made from the leaves of
the coca shrub, which grows in the
mountain regions of South American
countries such as Bolivia, Colombia,
and Peru .It is a white crystalline
powder.
Effects – The harmful effects that can
be seen are:
Irregular heart beat
Heart attack
Chest pain
Respiratory failure
Stroke
Seizures and headaches
Abdominal pain and nausea
Enlarged pupils
Increased breathing rate
Insomnia
Eating disorders and weight loss

7. Causes

Peer pressure - Friends may
force you to take drugs.

Stress - Only way to release
your stress.

Problems with dealing with
reality - Trying to escape from
reality.

Depression - When depressed
you tend to turn to alcohol
and/or drugs.

Imitation of elders or celebrities
– Most people tend to imitate
what they see their elders or
celebrities doing.

8. Impact of DRUGS





Physical Risks - Drug abuse can negatively affect every system of the
human body. Organ function, circulatory and hormone systems, fertility,
and brain chemistry, function and structure are all at risk.
Psychological Risk - With prolonged use, drugs can cause significant and
permanent psychological damage; young drug abusers are at a higher risk
for developing mental disorders, like depression and anxiety.
Behavioral Changes - Serious changes in behavior is a common sign of
drug use in young people, including withdrawal from family, a resentful
attitude, violence or aggression, risky sexual behavior, and abandoning old
friendships.
Poor School Performance - Drug use has a serious impact on a child's
education; typical signs include falling grades, withdrawal from regular
school activities, increased absence and dropping out.
Addiction - The biggest consequence of drug abuse is addiction, which
amplifies every other drug-associated consequence; young people typically
don't even realize that they have crossed the line to addiction .

9. Strategies for the future
►
Teaching Prevention in Schools - Schools can play a powerful role in
prevention as teachers and administrators often are the first to detect
warning signs of possible drug problems.
►
Reaching youths Outside School - Communities should implement
after-school programs that include substance abuse prevention.
►
Drug education – Drug education programs should be conducted to
educate the public about the harmful effects of drug addiction.
►
Society programs need to strengthen norms – The society should be
more firm with their norms and take strict action if violated especially if
it comes to drugs.

10. Thank You
FYBA ‘A’
 Dexter Cardoz - 8
 Mishika Nambiar - 83
 Trisha Reilly - 100