A lunch time session for officers at Portsmouth City Council

1. Basics of the
Japanese Language
Lunch-time sessions at PCC
By Peter Missen
Session 6
Food

2. Recap of previous session
Any questions about the previous session?
Anything to share?

3. Objectives for this session
Grammar
– object marker
– subject marker
Hungry/thirsty
Ordering at a Restaurant
Vegetarianism
Negative tense of verbs
The final set of sounds

4. Grammar – object marker (w)o を
Shows the action of a verb on a noun.
Usage pattern:
noun o verb
o is written as (w)o in some text books.
Example:
wain (w)o nomimasu. (drink wine)
ワインを飲みます。
The verb to drink acts on the noun wine.

5. Grammar – subject marker ga が
Introduces a subject for the first time.
Or when speaker believes information is new
to the listener.
watashi wa wain ga suki desu. I like wine.
私はワインが好きです。
suki = like (generally pronounced “ski”)

6. I’m hungry
onaka ga sukimashita.
御腹が空きました。
onaka = stomach
(2kanji: honorific + stomach)
sukimashita = empty

7. I’m thirsty
nodo ga kawakimashita.
喉が渇きました。
nodo = throat
kawakimashita = dry

8. Sentences a waiter might use:
gochuumon wa okimari desu ka.
ご注文はお決まりですか。
Have you decided on your order?
go = honorific
chuumon = order (2kanji: note + writing)
o = honorific
kimari = determine
okimari desu ka. お決まりですか。
Have you decided?
gochuumon wa. ご注文は。 (less formal)
What would you like to order?

9. Ways to order sushi:
sushi o onegaishimasu.
すしをお願いします。
(sushi please – polite)
sushi o kudasai.
すしをください。
(sushi please – less formal)
sushi o moraimasu.
すしをもらいます。
(to receive sushi)

10. I am a vegetarian
watashi wa saishokushugisha desu.
私は菜食主義者です。
(5 kanji: plant + eating + ethics + ism + person)
OR watashi wa bejitarian desu
私はベジタリアンです。

11. I am a vegan
Add kanzen to make vegetarian mean vegan.
kanzen = complete 完全
(2kanji: complete + whole)
watashi wa kanzensaishokushugisha desu.
私は完全菜食主義者です。

12. Some object marker examples.
watashi wa bi-ru o nomimasu. I drink beer
私はビールを飲みます。
bi-ru = beer
nomimasu = polite form of verb to drink
watashi wa toriniku o tabemasu. I eat chicken.
私は鶏肉を食べます。
toriniku = chicken meat (2kanji: chicken + meat)
tabemasu = polite form of verb to eat

13. To make a verb negative
Use ~masen ending. For example:
wakarimasen 解りません。
(don’t understand)
nomimasen 飲みません。 (don’t
drink)
tabemasen 食べません。 (don’t eat)

14. I don’t…
watashi wa bi-ru o nomimasen.
私はビールを飲みません
。
I don’t drink beer
watashi wa toriniku o tabemasen.
私は鶏肉を食べません。
I don’t eat chicken.

15. I don’t…
watashi wa furansugo o wakarimasen.
私はフランス語を解りません。
I don’t understand French
French = Katakana France + kanji for language
watashi wa sakana o tabemasen.
私は魚を食べません。
I don’t eat fish
sakana = fish

16. I don’t…
watashi wa niku o tabemasen.
私は肉を食べません。
I don’t eat meat.
niku = meat
watashi wa butaniku o tabemasen.
I don’t eat pork.
私は豚肉を食べません。
butaniku = pork (2 kanji: pig + meat)

17. The final set of sounds
kya kyu kyo きゃ きゅ きょ
sha shu sho しゃ しゅ しょ
cha chu cho ちゃ ちゅ ちょ
nya nyu nyo にゃ にゅ にょ
hya hyu hyo ひゃ ひゅ ひょ
mya myu myo
みゃ みゅ みょ
rya ryu ryo
りゃ りゅ りょ
gya gyu gyo
ぎゃ ぎゅ ぎょ
ja ju jo じゃ じゅ じょ
bya byu byo
びゃ びゅ びょ
pya pyu pyo
ぴゃ ぴゅ ぴょ

18. No Homework!!!
An interesting Japanese sentence to finish on:
裏庭には二羽、庭には二羽鶏が居る。
uraniwa ni wa niwa, niwa ni wa niwa niwatori ga iru.
In the back garden there are two, in the garden there are two chickens.
That’s all folks…
A final chance for questions ???????
gambatte kudasai…