International Airport Review JAN 2016

www.internationalairportreview.com Issue 1 · 2016
A regulatory
approach to
airfield lighting
Gernot Kessler, Deputy Head of the
ATM/ANS Aerodrome Department, EASA
Winter Operations Supplement
Featuring articles from the Met Office, Warsaw Chopin Airport
and the Greater Toronto Airport Authority
Pioneering
self-service
Johannes Scharnberg, Director of
Aviation at Hamburg Airport on the
revolutionary I-drop system
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INTRODUCTION
www.internationalairportreview.com Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016 1
Annie McKenna
Editor
amckenna@russellpublishing.com
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT REVIEW
Founder: Ian Russell
Managing Director: Josh Russell
Editor: Annie McKenna
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santhony@russellpublishing.com
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Front Cover Artwork: Steve Crisp
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EDITORIAL BOARD
Thinking
outside
the box
Guenter Martis
Director of European
Affairs, CANSO
Dr. Michael Kerkloh
CEO, Munich Airport
Bo Redeborn
Independent Aviation
Consultant
Darren Caplan
Chief Executive,
Airport Operators Association
Dr. John McCarthy
Head of Research,
International Centre for
Airport Cyber Research
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responsibility arising from any reliance placed on such materials by any reader, or by anyone
who may be informed of any of its contents. Published January 2016
Welcome to the first International Airport Review of 2016. It seems a good time to
reflect on 2015, which was another record-breaking year for air transport. According
to preliminary figures published by ICAO, the total number of passengers carried on
scheduled services in 2015 rose to 3.5 billion; a 6.4% increase year-on-year, while the
number of departures reached approximately 34 million globally. These numbers are
staggering, but whilst the demand for air travel is showing no signs of slowing, the rise
in air traffic volumes has brought with it new pressures on airport capacities and
infrastructure. With space to expand often not a possibility, airports are continuously
looking towards technology to streamline existing processes to enable increased
passenger throughput, obviously whilst maintaining the core industry values of safety
and security.
This year, International Airport Review will be examining these themes, starting in
this issue with our Passenger Flow Supplement. Starting on page 43, our Supplement
explores airports’ increasing use of self-service. The use of online check-in is fully
established, but we are now seeing airports using self bag-drop facilities, self-labelling
and a movement towards automated passenger processing. According to SITA’s 2015
Airport IT Trends survey, the new generation of mobile apps being launched by airports
will see over 80% of airports implementing sensor technology – to enable a more
predictable journey through the airport – over the next three years. It will be interesting
to see what other technologies come to the fore in the bid to enable passenger traffic.
Elsewhere in this issue we have a Winter Operations Supplement (page 17), which
features articles from the Met Office, Warsaw Chopin Airport and the Greater Toronto
Airports Authority and looks into how organisations and airports prepare for their winter
season. And starting on page 56, Gernot Kessler from the European Aviation Safety
Agency provides an article which considers a regulatory approach to airfield lighting.
As always, if you have any feedback or would like to contribute an end-user
article to the magazine or a blog to the website, please contact me directly via
the email address below. And remember to join our groups on LinkedIn and Twitter
– details are below.

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INTRODUCTION
Thinking outside the box
Anne-Marie McKenna, Editor, International Airport Review
FOREWORD
Innovation: From buzzword
to implementation at airports
Todd Hauptli, President & CEO,
American Association of Airport Executives
NEWS
EVENTS DIARY
ATC/ATM
Remote tower: A new approach
EVENT REVIEW
Airport Security & Airport IT 2015
INTERVIEW
60 Seconds With…
John Taylor, Founder and CEO, JTip
SHOW PREVIEW
Routes Europe 2016
INTERVIEW
Innovation Insight
With Phil Callow, Chief Executive Officer, OAG
GROUND HANDLING
Enabling growth from the ground up
Aidan Fidgeon, Head of Capacity Solutions and
Capital Programmes, Dublin Airport
AIRFIELD LIGHTING
Airfield lighting:
A regulatory approach
Gernot Kessler, Deputy Head - ATM/ANS and Aerodrome
Department, European Aviation Safety Agency
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Aebi Schmidt
1
4
10
12
15
35
5
9
37
38
56
59
60
64
Coming up in the next issue…
■■ Airport Security and ATC/ATM Supplements
■■ The Airport Show preview
■■ Airport IT with San Francisco International Airport
■■ Solar technology with Adelaide Airport
Published March 2016 – to subscribe for free to International Airport Review,
please visit www.internationalairportreview.com
We’re looking for end-user industry experts from airports and
industry associations to contribute free-of-charge informative
and thought-provoking articles.
Can you write about Airfield Lighting, Ground/Baggage Handling,
Passenger Processing, Security Developments, or Airport Data/IT?
Contact Anne-Marie McKenna, Editor, via email at
or visit www.internationalairportreview.com
Contents
Do you want your article published
in International Airport Review?
Warsaw Chopin Airport
does not fear the winter
Winter is a state of mind
Craig Bradbrook, Vice President - Aviation Services,
Toronto Pearson International Airport, GTAA
Innovating the
de-icing tradition
Tim Peyton, Aircraft De-icing Expert, LNT Solutions
Preparing for the worst
Jon Dutton, Business Manager – Aviation Team,
Met Office
Winter Operations Roundtable
Moderated by Craig Bradbrook, Vice President –
Aviation Services, Toronto Pearson International
Airport, GTAA
19
22
25
26
30
WINTER OPERATIONS
SUPPLEMENT
Small steps to
increased capacity
Piotr Pawlisiak, Terminal Product Specialist,
Warsaw Chopin Airport
Gatwick: Transforming
the passenger experience
Gavin Jackson, Project Leader – Check-in
Transformation, Gatwick Airport
Baggage check-in with I-drop
– innovative and easy to use
Johannes Scharnberg, Director of Aviation,
Hamburg Airport
44
48
53
PASSENGER FLOW
SUPPLEMENT
COVER SPONSOR:

Innovation is exciting in theory, but it’s meaningless if it’s not being put to
use. It’s just another buzzword doomed to fade into obscurity unless it’s
being applied to improve the current aviation system. A great technology
that improves passenger flow isn’t worth much if it’s not being installed
and used. An idea is nice, but measureable results are what counts.
Bringing innovative technology to an airport might seem like a
daunting task for an airport official more used to reading FAA reports
from Washington than WIRED updates from Silicon Valley. But it
doesn’t have to be that way.
That’s where AAAE comes in. Innovation is a key part of both our
heritage and our future. It’s a pillar of what we strive to deliver to
our members every day. Service. Innovation. Results.
Most recently, we have been striving to foster innovation in the
airport marketplace through our Airport Innovation Accelerator, which
focuses on assisting emerging and major companies that are new to
the aviation sector and want to bring new, innovative ideas to the
airport marketplace that is unfamiliar to them.
Having served airports for nearly 100 years, AAAE has a unique
perspective on effective innovation in airports. We believe that
innovation is a combination of creative thinking and results. With the
creation of the Airport Innovation Accelerator in 2015, AAAE is
working to bring better solutions to airports more efficiently and drive
innovation in the airport environment.
The Accelerator recently announced a new service – Airport Market
Match – that helps innovators navigate the airport marketplace to
achieve broad market acceptance. The Airport Market Match is
intended for innovators with a mature product, strong references and
a demonstrated investment to serve the airport market. Market Match
participants will be able to access industry experts and real airport
customers to rapidly assess market need, generate market awareness
and connect directly with airports to rapidly refine the solution for
airports and uncover powerful piloting opportunities. The service will
also benefit airports and AAAE members in providing assistance,
guidance and expertise that will in turn lead to better products and
services in the airport marketplace. At the close of the application
deadline for Airport Market Match, we had more than two dozen
companies apply.
The Market Match was announced in San Francisco, at our
inaugural Airport Innovation Forum in November 2015. At the Forum,
airport executives met with innovative company leaders, venture
capitalists, and government partners to discuss the future of airports.
Speakers explained how 3D printing, self-driving cars, and drones are
going to affect airports sooner than you think. But the majority of the
Forum centered on how innovation can improve the passenger
experience in airports – essentially, practicing innovation instead of just
preaching innovation.
CEOs from some of the leading airport solution companies,
including AirIT, Daon, SilverCar, and Area360 stood on stage at the
Forum to paint a picture of a unified, catered passenger experience
from door to gate. Imagine having the equivalent of an electronic
concierge that directs you to the best parking space and shortest
security line, or way-finding that guides you to your gate even if it
changes. Don’t forget to check out the variety of dining and shopping
options with the time you saved along the way. It might seem like
something out of a movie, but it’s all very real and very near.
Passenger experience is one area where innovation can help an
airport, but it’s far from the only one. In 2016, we are dedicated to
driving innovative concepts throughout the process from idea
to delivery. In our view, the airports of the future are close at hand.
The time for airport innovation is now, and we at AAAE are excited to
be on the leading edge of the change.
4 Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016 www.internationalairportreview.com
FOREWORD
Innovation:
From buzzword
to implementation
at airports
AAAE President and CEO Todd Hauptli is the third CEO in the Association’s history. Todd
joined AAAE in 1991 and prior to becoming CEO was responsible for overseeing AAAE’s
interactions with Congress and the Executive Branch agencies. Before joining AAAE, Todd held
positions at the White House, the Department of Transportation, the Department of Commerce,
and Capitol Hill. Todd is married with three sons. He and his family reside in McLean, Virginia.
Innovation is integral to aviation. It’s what drove two bicycle makers from Ohio to become the famous flying
Wright Brothers. It’s what pushed us beyond the sound barrier, and it will continue to push us to places in flight
we can’t even imagine. Innovation can also drive the modern airport economy. It can help passenger satisfaction
and retention, track and recover revenue from app-based transportation services, and lower operating costs
through reduced energy usage. It can improve safety by putting better, smarter cameras on the runway
and through interactive training of critical employees. President and CEO of the American Association of Airport
Executives (AAAE), Todd Hauptli, explains how the AAAE is working to facilitate airport innovation.

Get daily news updates on www.internationalairportreview.com @IntAirport internationalairportreview.com Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016 5
NEWS
Proviron:
The rising
player in
aircraft
de-icing
Proviron has been a trusted and reliable
manufacturer of runway de-icing products
for over 25 years and is now considered the
rising player in the aircraft de-icing market
in Europe.
“After doubling our production
capacity of runway de-icing products and
building a brand new manufacturing plant
for aircraft de/anti-icing fluids, times are
extremely exciting and busy for us.
We keep on growing faster than expected
volume-wise, customer-wise and product-
wise, and we now have the biggest de-icer
product portfolio in the Europe,” says
Frederic Versavel, Business Manager
– De-icing Solutions at Proviron.
Proviron has a long-term partnership
with Cryotech (USA) to manufacture the
Cryotech Type I, II and IV aircraft de/anti-
icing fluids in Belgium. The Cryotech
fluids are already well known and widely
used on aircraft in North America. Since
Proviron has been producing these fluids
in Europe, the European aviation industry
has rapidly shown interest as well.
Versavel continues: “With air traffic
growing further and winter being more
extreme, it is critical for Proviron and
Cryotech to continue to invest in the
innovation of our de-icing products and
services. Airlines, airports and ground
handling companies are continuously
looking to improve their de-icing
operations. Our Cryotech aircraft de/anti-
icing fluids seem to be very popular and
well received by customers. Offering good
storage stability, high Holdover Time and
superb sprayability, our products can
improve de-icing operations from both an
operational, environmental and cost-
efficient point of view.”
www.proviron.com
Tulip shaped ATC tower to become
landmark of Istanbul New Airport
Operating consortium IGA has selected AECOM and
Pininfarina’s design for an air traffic control (ATC)
tower in the shape of a giant tulip for Istanbul New
Airport, which is set to become an iconic symbol of
the new airport in Istanbul.
According to IGA, the design of the tower
combines aspects of the modern with traditional
elements. The twisting form is based on a tulip, which
has been the symbol of Istanbul for centuries.
The curved, 96m high building, which will be visible
to all passengers flying into or out of the new major
airport, is also reminiscent of the forms used in
aviation design. “The ATC tower will contribute
much to the Istanbul New Airport with its iconic
character,” said Yusuf Akçayoğlu, CEO of IGA. “The
most significant companies within the industry
participated in the competition with best designs.
After a difficult selection process, we preferred the
concept tower design that resembles tulips, created by
AECOM and Pininfarina.”
Construction of the tower is scheduled to begin in
May 2016, with completion aimed for October 2017.
Just 35km from the centre of Istanbul, on the
European side of the city near the Black Sea, Istanbul
New Airport is one of the largest infrastructure
projects in Turkey’s history. When it opens in spring
2018, it will have an initial handling capacity of
90 million passengers per year. There are plans to
expand the airport to six runways and three terminals.
Once completed, Istanbul New Airport will have an
annual capacity of more than 200 million passengers
and will be one of the world’s largest airports.
www.igairport.com
SITA and Air France-KLM install self-service kiosks at 50 airports
A new generation of self-service kiosks – jointly designed by air transport IT
provider, SITA, and Air France-KLM – is now fully operational at Schiphol
Airport in Amsterdam, and Charles de Gaulle and Orly airports in Paris.
Packed with the latest features, the sleek new kiosks allow passengers
to quickly and easily check-in for flights, print bag tags and purchase
additional services.
“The New Generation Kiosk project is a strategic project for Air France-
KLM, aimed at significantly improving the customer experience in
50 airports worldwide. With these 765 state-of-the-art kiosks from SITA, we
are providing a solution that will improve the self-service experience for
check-in, self-tagging and baggage recovery,” commented Nicolas Nelson,
Vice President Distributed Services IS Group, Air France-KLM Group.
“The initial feedback from our customers and station managers is very
positive with reports of increased availability, better user interface and
improved self-use ratios. This was a complex project that deserved full
attention from SITA and Air France-KLM experts and management. At the
end of the day it has proved to be a real success.”
The delivery of these kiosks to Air France-KLM coincides with the
delivery of SITA’s 10,000th kiosk to the air transport industry. These kiosks
include several new features, such as ‘chip and pin’ and contactless payment
devices, which allow passengers to pay for flights, upgrades, meals or other
ancillary services. They are also designed to accommodate future services,
such as check-in and payments using near field communication (NFC).
To support the move to self-bag tagging, the kiosks are equipped with
extra storage for tags. And to facilitate responsive customer service, each
kiosk is also equipped with audio and camera features for remote support
from airline staff.
Dave Bakker, SITA President, Europe, commented: “We worked closely
with the Air France-KLM team to capture their needs throughout the design
process. These SITAkiosks provide the usual check-in services for passengers
and are designed to support the growing trend of self bag-tagging. However,
they also include ‘chip and pin’ payment devices, which allow the airline to
extend the range of kiosk services. Passengers have shown their preference
for using kiosks and this major investment by Air France-KLM will give
passengers exactly what they want.”
www.sita.aero
©IGA

6 Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016 www.internationalairportreview.com Get daily news updates on www.internationalairportreview.com @IntAirport
NEWS
2015: Continuing traffic growth
and record airline profits
Preliminary figures released by ICAO in December 2015 showed that the total number of passengers
carried on scheduled services rose to 3.5 billion in 2015, a 6.4% increase over the previous year.
The number of departures reached approximately 34 million globally, and world passenger traffic
– expressed in terms of total scheduled revenue passenger-kilometres (RPKs), posted an increase of
6.8%, with approximately 6,562 billion RPKs being performed.
The aviation industry, composed of some 1,400 commercial airlines, 4,130 airports and 173 air
navigation services providers, continued to play a critical role throughout 2015 in fostering the growth
of tourism and trade. Over half of the world’s 1.1 billion tourists are transported by air today, while
aircraft carry 35% of world trade by value.
International scheduled passenger traffic expressed in terms of RPKs grew by 6.7% in 2015, up
from the 6% recorded in 2014. Meanwhile European traffic increased by 5.5% and accounted for the
largest share of international RPKs at 37%. The Asia/Pacific region had the second largest share with
28% and grew by 8.2%. The Middle East region moved 14% of world RPKs and recorded growth of
12.1% compared to 2014, while NorthAmerica – also with a 14% RPK share – recorded 3.3% growth.
Carriers in Latin America and the Caribbean managed 4% of world RPK traffic and recorded 7.9%
growth, and Africa – with a 3% share – grew at a rate of 0.6%.
Final figures will be released in July 2016 in the Annual Report of the Council.
www.icao.int
CAA approves new
franchise arrangement with
The Travel Vault Ltd
The UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)
announced in January 2016 that The Travel
Vault Ltd. has been approved as a franchise
body under the ATOL protection scheme. This
new arrangement has been agreed with the Air
Travel Trust and means that The Travel Vault
Ltd. will become the second ATOL franchise.
Smaller travel businesses, looking to sell
no more than 1,000 holidays a year, can now
apply for an ATOL via The Travel Vault Ltd.
Run by the UK CAA on behalf of the
Government, the Air Travel Organiser's
Licence (ATOL) scheme covers the traditional
package holiday, some individual flights and
sinceApril 2012, trips known by the industry as
‘Flight-Plus’, which is a booking that includes
a flight and accommodation and/or car hire so
long as the separate parts of the holiday are
booked with the same company and within a
day of each other.A'Flight-Plus' booking is one
that includes a flight plus accommodation
and/or car hire, so long as these separate parts
of the holiday are booked with the same
company and within a day of each other.
The CAA can grant members of franchise
holders their own ATOL licence, but unlike
some other ATOL licence options, the
businesses will not have to provide a bond as
security against failure in most cases. The new
franchise agreement will see The Travel Vault
Ltd. indemnifying the Air Travel Trust against
any failures of its members.
www.caa.co.uk
Remote
encoding by VCS
In a typical airport baggage handling system, the
majority of baggage tags are successfully read
automatically and directed appropriately according
to the information in the barcode and the bag source
message (BSM). But there are always some that
cannot be read by the automated system and have to
be diverted to a manual encoding station. This
process of transporting and handling the bag can
take up valuable minutes.
Rapid and accurate baggage handling is an
important part of the overall passenger experience,
particularly for transfer bags, putting pressure on the
baggage handling process to avoid short-shipment.
One analysis revealed that within an overall
connection time of 45 minutes there are typically
just seven minutes available for the baggage
handling system to process each item of baggage
(18 minutes to transfer belt; 7 minutes of BHS
processing; 20 minutes on chute to aircraft).
Remote encoding via a video coding system
(VCS) can be the solution to beating this time limit.
Here, automatic tag reading technology by laser can
be complemented or replaced by cameras to help
identify the flight numbers and airport codes.
The integration of a VCS into the baggage handling
system also enables bag tag information to be
encoded while the bag remains in motion within the
main system. In the event of a no-read, an image of
the tag is sent to an operator – not necessarily on site
– who can view the label on a workstation or tablet,
and through an intuitive GUI choose the best image
with automatic region-of-interest detection,
zoom/pan and ‘search as you type’ data entry.
The VCS saves valuable time by ensuring that
the baggage flow is not interrupted, with many
fewer ‘no-read’ bags being diverted to a fixed
manual encoding station. This in turn means that
staff can be freed from operating a fixed station and
can be more usefully employed elsewhere. What is
more, in the event of a departure control system
(DCS) failure, extra VCS staff can be deployed for a
short time to prevent a bottleneck in operations.
Remote encoding via a VCS not only lowers
the costs associated with short-shipped baggage but
also makes a positive contribution to the overall
passenger experience.
www.beumergroup.com
The video coding system
International scheduled passenger traffic (RPK) growth in 2015

NEWS
European Commission
to fund ATC development
between Slovenia Control
and EUROCONTROL
The European Commission will be supporting the ‘ATM Data as a Service’ (ADaaS)
three-year project between Slovenia Control and EUROCONTROL’s Maastricht
UAC (MUAC). The ADaaS project is co-financed by the European Union’s
Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) to the tune of €2.45 million. The project, which
contributes to the Single European Sky (SES) by addressing the deployment of new
technologies and best practices, will be monitored by the Innovation and Networks
Executive Agency (INEA). The initiative addresses the deployment of an
interoperable and harmonised ATM system between two air navigation service
providers which belong to different Functional Airspace Blocks (FABs), and as such
promotes European Union (EU) wide cooperation.
The project develops and deploys a prototype to demonstrate that ATM data can
be provided in an operational ATM environment as a service by one distributed ATM
System to one or more civil Air Traffic Service Units (ATSUs). The existing IT
infrastructure will be studied to define a roadmap for how to evolve towards state-of-
the-art Data Centres from which an ATM Data Service Provider (ADSP) can deliver
services with proper contingency and disaster recovery. The initiative is
complementary to ongoing SES ATM Research (SESAR) where Common Services
and Controller Working Position/HMI interfaces are being studied.
“The project builds upon the experience gained with Shared ATS System
developed for the Dutch military service provider,” said Frank Brenner, Director
General of EUROCONTROL. “This system has been successfully in operation since
12 December 2012. The level of ambition has been increased to meet the specific
requirements of an advanced civil air navigation service provider and to fully consider
the concept of Data Services”.
Franc Željko Županič, CEO of Slovenia Control, commented: “The project is a
partnership between Slovenia Control and EUROCONTROL/MUAC where partners
will closely cooperate with industry to achieve technical solutions which can be
sustained in the long term.”
www.eurocontrol.int / www.sloveniacontrol.si
Dublin Airport
sets new record
with 25 million
passengers in 2015
Dublin Airport had its busiest ever year in 2015, with a record of
25 million passengers travelling through the airport, an increase
of 15% year-on-year. The expansion was fuelled by 22 new routes
and extra capacity on almost 40 existing services.
To cope with growing passenger numbers, Dublin Airport
Authority (DAA) is mid-way through hiring around 350 new staff in
areas such as security, customer service and asset management.
The growth in passenger numbers is expected to continue
into 2016, as 11 new scheduled services have already been
announced, including new direct transatlantic services to Hartford
Connecticut, Los Angeles, Newark and Vancouver. There are also
new long-haul charter services to Cancun in Mexico and Montego
Bay in Jamaica.
Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport, Paschal Donohoe
TD, welcomed the record-breaking traffic at Dublin Airport and the
new jobs that are being delivered due to the growth in passenger
numbers: “Connectivity is vital for our island economy and the
impact of these additional passengers and new routes at
Dublin Airport will be felt right across the country. I welcome the
350 new jobs being announced and look forward to continued
growth in passenger numbers and employment at Dublin Airport
in the years ahead.
“Extra inbound passengers at Dublin Airport helped to bring
record numbers of tourists to Ireland last year, and the opportunities
offered to business by new routes from Dublin and additional choice
on existing services similarly helped to boost trade and foreign direct
investment, all of which are assisting our economic recovery.”
www.daa.ie

8 Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016 www.internationalairportreview.com Get daily news updates on www.internationalairportreview.com @IntAirport
NEWS
Concourse D exterior
©DubaiAirports
Dubai Airports to
conduct public readiness
trial of Concourse D
The countdown to the opening of Dubai International’s AED 1.9 billion Concourse D
has begun, as operator Dubai Airports has invited members of the public to volunteer
as ‘passengers’ and help test the operational readiness of the new facility on
6 February 2016. The advanced trial follows a series of rigorous trials that were
conducted over the past few months to test different components of the facility to
ensure a smooth start up and optimal service levels for passengers and more than
70 airlines that will use the facility.
The trial is designed to test the systems and processes across the facility, as well
as staff preparedness by simulating typical airport operating scenarios. As part of trial
some 2,500 volunteers – men, women, children and senior citizens will play the role
of passengers travelling to different destinations, arriving, departing, and transiting
through the facility in order to test access, traffic flow, way-finding signage, and other
scenarios specific to the airport’s many strategic partners, such as police, immigration
and customs, as well as food and beverage and retail concessionaires. The operational
trials are designed to simulate a ‘live’ environment and help Dubai Airports test
facilities, processes and staff capability ultimately paving the way to a successful
opening and smooth entry into operations.
“As the final element of the $7.8 billion Strategic Plan 2020 that we had
announced in 2011, Concourse D is a crucial and timely addition to Dubai
International as it will increase the airport’s capacity to 90 million passengers,” said
Paul Griffiths, CEO of Dubai Airports.
“Our approach with launching new facilities has always been to test, test and test
again until we are confident our passengers and airlines will receive the highest
service levels upon opening. Residents of Dubai and the UAE have an opportunity to
help us achieve this goal while being part of Dubai’s aviation history. If our past
experiences with operational trials are anything to go by, we expect an overwhelming
response from the members of the public.”
The emphasis in Concourse D is to create a more efficient and intuitive customer
experience with short walks to connect passengers with their aircraft. The facility will
feature open gates allowing travellers to board directly from the waiting area, giving
them more freedom and time to enjoy the full complement of exciting food and
beverage outlets.
The new concourse will also offer plenty of comfortable seating spaces as well as
the ever-popular SnoozeCubes which provide a convenient way to rest between
flights. Concourse D will feature a total of nine lounges spread over 6,926m2
,
including five airline lounges, a new Al Majlis lounge, two Dubai International Hotel
lounges and a Marhaba VIP lounge. The retail area will be spread over 8,400m2
.
The concourse will feature 21 contact stands, of which four will be able to
accommodate Airbus A380 or Boeing 747 aircraft, and 11 remote stands.
www.dubaiairports.ae
Frankfurt exceeds
60 million passengers
in 2015
For the first time in its history, FrankfurtAirport (FRA) exceeded 60
million passengers in 2015, whilst cargo volumes declined by 2.3%.
In total, 61,040,613 passengers used Germany’s largest air
transportation hub in 2015, a 2.5% increase year-on-year. The
airport believes this figure could have risen by an additional
3.8% had it not been for strikes and weather-related
cancellations. Frankfurt Airport also achieved a new daily peak
last year with 217,500 passengers using the airport in a single
day, on 2 August 2015.
Operator FraportAG’s executive board chairman, Dr. Stefan
Schulte, commented: “We are pleased that so many travellers
have placed their trust in us and that we could welcome more
than 61 million passengers at Frankfurt Airport last year. This
passenger growth is in line with our expectations. In 2015, we
had the ground breaking for our new Terminal 3 – an important
step in building the foundation for Frankfurt Airport’s long-
term competitiveness.”
The Airport’s cargo (airfreight and airmail) volumes
declined by 2.3%, to approximately 2.1 million metric tons, in
2015. Frankfurt attributed the decline to weakening global trade
and economic difficulties in some emerging markets. In contrast,
accumulated maximum take-off weights (MTOWs) climbed by
2% to almost 30 million metric tons in 2015 – also a new record
figure. With 468,153 take-offs and landings, aircraft movements
reached a similar level as in the previous year (down 0.2%). This
reflects the ongoing consolidation activities of airlines,
particularly the deployment of larger aircraft types as well as the
increase in the number of seats offered per aircraft movement.
www.fraport.com
Materna and
self bag drop
Self bag drop is one of the most important topics for on-the-ground
passenger handling at airports. Automation of this key process
will bring many advantages for growing airports. They have to
increase their efficiency and at the same time provide best services
for their passengers.
Materna’s high-class self-service portfolio includes hardware
and software applications as well as delivery and maintenance.
All this makes Materna a worldwide leading vendor for self bag
drop solutions with excellent know-how. This also includes
features such as conveyability check, AAA check, and integrated
payment technology.
Materna has been working very successfully with London
Gatwick Airport as they chose Materna as a supplier for their self-
service bag drop installation. This is part of Gatwick’s North
Terminal transformation project which is meanwhile the world’s
largest self-service bag drop zone. London Gatwick is committed to
its growth strategy, and in order to achieve this within existing
infrastructure, while waiting to build a second runway, it needs to
look creatively at how it can speed passengers through the airport so
it can grow. Materna is responsible for the phased installation of the
self-service bag drop machines at Gatwick’s North Terminal.
Completely new in Materna’s self bag drop portfolio is the cabin
luggage check for the automatic inspection of hand baggage.
The system identifies the bags and verifies the compliance
with the specific airline rules for cabin luggage. This ensures that
only bags which are of correct size and weight will be accepted
as hand luggage and avoids time delays while boarding the
aircraft. As all Materna solutions the cabin luggage check is a real
common use application.
Materna also extends its range of products with a new self-
service kiosk for automated baggage drop at airports. The new
retrofit kiosk is called Merkur. What’s so special about Merkur is
that, although it is designed for unmanned baggage handling, the
check-in desks where the Merkur is installed can still be used for
normal staffed check-in service.
www.materna-ips.de

FEBRUARY 2016
8th ACI Airport
Economics &
Finance Conference
Date: 7 – 9 February
Location: London, UK
e: alison@airportconference.com
w: www.aci-economics.com
Aviation
Festival Asia
Date: 23 February
Location: Singapore
e: yeelim.tan@terrapinn.com
w: www.terrapinn.com/exhibition/
aviation-festival-asia
Global Aviation
Development
Summit
Date: 23 – 24 February
e: info@icbi.co.uk
w: www.icbi-gad.com
MARCH 2016
9th Asian
Ground Handling
International
Conference
Date: 1 – 4 March
Location: Nusa, Bali
e: jean@groundhandling.com
w: www.groundhandling.com/asia
CBRNe
Summit
Date: 2 – 4 March
Location: Paris, France
e: events@intelligence-sec.com
w: www.intelligence-sec.com/events/
cbrne-summit-europe-2016
World ATM
Congress
Date: 8 – 10 March
Location: Madrid, Spain
e: marion.brophy@worldatmcongress.org
w: www.worldatmcongress.org
CONNECT
Location: Vilnius, Lithuania
e: info@connect-aviation.com
w: www.connect-aviation.com
10th World
Cargo Symposium
Location: Berlin, Germany
e: renee.jacobs@worldtek.com
w: www.iata.org/events/wcs
Passenger
Terminal Expo 2016
Location: Cologne, Germany
e: ptexpo@ukipme.com
w: www.passengerterminal-expo.com
APRIL 2016
Aircraft Interiors
Expo
Date: 5 – 7 April 2016
Location: Hamburg, Germany
e: aixhamburg.helpline@reedexpo.co.uk
w www.aircraftinteriorsexpo.com
Security & Counter
Terror Expo
Date: 19 – 20 April
e: counterterrorexpo@clarionevents.com
w: www.counterterrorexpo.com
Aviation
Electronics Europe
Location: Munich, Germany
w: www.ae-expo.eu
Routes Europe 2016
Location: Kraków, Poland
e: karen.reeves@ubm.com
w: www.routesonline.com/events/181/routes-
europe-2016
Future Travel
Experience
Europe 2016
Location: Amsterdam, the Netherlands
t: +44 1293 783 851
w: www.futuretravelexperience.com/fte-europe
MAY 2016
Airport Show
Date: 9 – 11 May
Location: Dubai, UAE
e: info@theairportshow.com
w: www.theairportshow.com
ACI Europe’s
Regional Airports
Forum
Date: 11 – 13 May
Location: Vilnius, Lithuania
e: federico.bonaudi@aci-europe.org
w: www.aci-europe-rac.com
29th IATA
Ground Handling
Conference
Date: 15 – 18 May
Location: Toronto, Canada
e: jill.schaefer@worldtek.com
w: www.iata.org/events/ighc/Pages/index.aspx
Border
Management
& Technologies
Summit
Date: 16 – 18 May
Location: Ankara, Turkey
e: events@intelligence-sec.com
w: www.intelligence-sec.com/events/border-
management-technologies-summit-2016
EBACE
Date: 24 – 26 May
Location: Geneva, Switzerland
e: info@ebace.aero
w: www.ebace.aero
2016 Air
Transport IT
Summit
Date: 24 – 26 May
Location: Barcelona, Spain
w: www.sita.aero/events/events-listing/
2016-air-transport-it-summit
JUNE 2016
ILA Berlin
Airshow
Date: 1 – 4 June
Location: Berlin, Germany
e: ila@messe-berlin.de
w: www.ila-berlin.de/ila2016/
The British-Irish
Airports Expo
Date: 8 – 9 June
Location: Birmingham, UK
t: +44 1293 783 851
w: www.airports-expo.com
IFSEC
Date: 21 – 23 June
e: lianne.bailey@ubm.com
w: www.ifsec.co.uk
EVENTS DIARY
If you have a diary event that you
wish to publicise, or you are interested
in setting up a media partnership, send
details to Martine Shirtcliff at
mshirtcliff@russellpublishing.com
SAVE THE DATE!
Airport Security 2016
& Airport IT 2016
September 2016
www.airportsecurityconference.com
www.airportinformationtechnology.com

HungaroControl, the Hungarian air navigation service
provider (ANSP) is making intensive efforts towards the
implementation of the remote control tower that aims to enable
ANSPs to control airport traffic from their own buildings with the help
of a virtual surface. HungaroControl’s remote tower concept has
achieved considerable success on the international market. For
example, the emergency control centre at Dubai International Airport
(DXB) is being implemented according to the proposals of a
consortium of five companies, including HungaroControl.
HungaroControl’s concept is built on integrating its existing
ground surveillance system with a network of distributed cameras,
aiming to enhance not only situational awareness but also safety
levels. The company aims to operate a remote contingency tower
in Budapest in 2017 and a full-time remote tower as of 2018. Although
Budapest Airport will not be the world’s first remotely-controlled
airport, it will be the first of its size and complexity, with nearly
90,000 movements per year.
Thanks to its continuous innovation activities, HungaroControl is
one of the key players in Europe regarding flight safety improvements,
capacity increase, reduction of airline costs and enhanced
environmental protection. To this end, the Hungarian ANSP focuses
primarily on developments that improve the efficiency of air
traffic management, as well as the introduction of up-to-date
technologies – in partnership with other ANSPs, universities and
technology providers (including its participation in the SESAR research
and development programme), as well as on its own.
HungaroControl’s Centre of Research, Development and
Simulation (CRDS) plays an important role in HungaroControl’s
innovation efforts. Operating Central Europe’s largest ATC simulation
facility, CRDS not only supports HungaroControl but also offers
validation-based solutions to other ANSPs. With the help of fast- and
real-time simulations, CRDS’ validation methodology helps maximise
benefits in terms of capacity, efficiency and the environment – and
minimise safety-related risks.
In February 2015, HungaroControl was first
in Europe to abolish the entire fixed flight
route network, thus enabling airplanes to use
the airspace freely, without any restrictions.
The significance of the new traffic management
concept (Hungarian Free Route Airspace HUFRA) is
that aircraft can take the shortest possible flight path
between the entry and exit points in Hungary’s
airspace. According to estimates, this solution may
result in potential yearly savings of 1.5 million
kilometres by aircraft flying over Hungary. As a result,
airlines may save nearly USD 3 million worth of fuel
per year, which may also lead to a reduction of CO2
emissions by more than 16 million kilogrammes.
In order to maximise benefits for airspace users,
HungaroControl outlines the role of research and development in safe and efficient air
navigation services: remote tower, Free Route Airspace, remote operations in KFOR, CPDLC
and MergeStrip.
ATC/ATM A D V E R T O R I A L
Video wall in the remote tower room
Remote tower:
A new approach

HungaroControl continues to work with other ANSPs and
Functional Airspace Blocks to remove restrictions to free airspace
use even before the EU deadline of January 2022. Examples of
these efforts include the Night Free Route Airspace
Budapest/Bucharest (N-FRAB) between Hungary and Romania as
of August 2015, the introduction of 47 plannable direct routes
on the northwest-southeast axis between the United Kingdom
and Hungary as of December 2015, as well as technological
preparations to create Free Route Airspace between Germany
and Romania, to be completed in 2017. CRDS has been playing a
key role in these projects.
One of the prominent results of HungaroControl’s efforts was
the re-opening of the upper airspace over Kosovo (KFOR
sector) in 2014. Thanks to this achievement, the last white spot
was cleared from the map of the European airspace, contributing
to the normalisation of aviation in South East Europe. Based on
EUROCONTROL data, the re-opening enables shorter routes and
consequently a reduction of ca. 24,000 tonnes in annual fuel
consumption, saving airlines nearly €18 million
per annum. The Kosovo project demonstrated
HungaroControl’s capability of multiple cross-
border operations.
HungaroControl introduced CPDLC
(Controller Pilot Data Link Communi-
cation) in November 2015, three years ahead
of the EU deadline. The new feature enables
data interchange between pilots and air traffic
controllers in the form of text messages, and is
expected to further improve flight safety and
increase the capacity of Hungarian airspace by
optimising the use of radio frequencies. Also in
this case, CRDS was instrumental in the
preparations to the introduction of CPDLC,
including HMI design, concept validation and
the subsequent training of controllers.
In order to facilitate continuous descent
approach, HungaroControl developed
MergeStrip, a simple yet ingenious new air
traffic planning concept, which helps air traffic
controllers schedule arriving traffic in a more
efficient way, reducing fuel burn, CO2 emissions
and also the noise load on the population
near airports.
MergeStrip allocates the aircraft preparing
to land at a specific airport to a ‘number line’ by
considering their actual position and speed.
Based upon the calculations performed by the
program, controllers can easily and quickly
identify the preliminary interventions required
to carry out the landing operation continuously
and in the right schedule. The procedure assists
air traffic controllers in efficient planning, so
their work flow becomes more predictable.
Since its introduction, MergeStrip has earned
praise from airlines and significant interest from
other ANSPs in and outside Europe.
These initiatives prove that HungaroControl is committed to
continuous service improvement – yet, they are merely milestones on a
long journey that will undoubtedly continue.
SEE WHAT’S HOT:
» Remote Tower: A new concept
for medium sized airports
» Hungarian Free Route Airspace
Anniversary: Validation,
implementation and experience
» Initiatives to expand Free
Route Airspace in Europe
» Safety and Validation:
How safe is your change?
en.hungarocontrol.hu/watmc2016
Let us inspire you at booth #1216
Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016
A D V E R T O R I A L ATC/ATM
Disappearing ATS routes in the Hungarian airspace following the
introduction of HUFRA (source: Skyvector.com)

Embracing new
technologies and
enhancing security
procedures
Held in Barcelona on 16-17 November 2015, the conference and
exhibition attracted 250 delegates and was described as International
Airport Review’s best event yet, raising topics and discussions around
the matters of how to improve technology and services to make our
airports safer whilst optimising information technology to enhance
overall airport operations.
Airport Security
Chairman Chris Woodroofe (Head of Security & Business Continuity at
Gatwick Airport) welcomed delegates to the event and explained that
as threats to transportation have increased, airports are forced to also
increase their security measures and so Airport Security 2015 was a
timely and pertinent event to share and learn experiences.
The morning’s Panel Discussion (moderated by David Bassett of the
US Dept. of Homeland Security Transportation Security Administration)
centred around how airport security can become one with security
overall. During the session, a number of elements were discussed
including how best to educate the public about safety and security via
social media and the traditional media, and how passengers/travellers
can become ‘allies’ and even help airport staff identify security threats.
The importance of screening technology and the methods of training
staff who operate them was also examined, plus the growing concerns
over insider threats and how best to educate airport staff in this area.
Addressing different approaches and innovations in security
management, plus highlighting how airports can increase the efficiency
of passenger screening with new and enhanced technology were the
focus of other presentations, plus Peter Gheysels (Security Manager
Operations at Brussels Airport) gave an overview of remote screening at
the Belgian airport and how successful its introduction has been.
Two breakout sessions also took place – one on how Miami
International Airport proactively scans crowds to identify anomalies in
human behaviour, and the other on how to tighten document
inspection at security control points. In the Miami International Airport
With many airports around the world planning to invest in IT-related projects to enhance
traveller experience, plus airport security procedures and processes under constant review with
heightened security checks across the globe of late, International Airport Review’s recently
co-located Airport IT 2015 and Airport Security 2015 event was a great opportunity for
top-level heads of security and IT professionals from airports and airlines, plus industry
decision-makers, to come together and share, discuss, and learn from each other’s experiences.
5
EVENT REVIEW
Airport IT – testimonials
“Another great experience and venue”
“First time attending and definitely not the last one”
“Tremendous information”

session, Lauren Stover (Assistant Aviation Director at MIA) emphasised
that, due to experience, a calculated combination of advanced
technology and the human eye will offer a better security platform.
Biometric technology was under the spotlight in the afternoon and
presentations centred on utilising the technology to facilitate security,
assessing just how effective systems are at border controls, and
identifying which technology should be considered for optimum
security for different environments.
The topic then changed when Alan Black (VP Director of Public
Safety at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport) took the stage to
discuss the assessment of insider threats and evaluating the motives of
those who commit fraud and theft, those who disclose confidential
information or those who commit sabotage.
Other areas focused on during the afternoon included assessing
system level approaches for checkpoints and how to work towards a
form of regulation for quality assurance tackled by security
management systems.
Opening Day Two of Airport Security was Chairman Marc Pearl
(President and CEO of the Homeland Security and Defense Business
Council) who urged delegates to really think about what they can take
from the second day of the event and how they can apply their learning
to their everyday work – whether as a vendor or an airport.
Addressing terrorism through technology at airports was the
topic of Detective Sergeant Neville Hay’s presentation (Sussex Police
Special Branch, Gatwick Airport), highlighting preparation and
planning is key with strategy centring on the four Ps: Prevent, Pursue,
Protect, and Prepare.
Other topics given focus during the morning were enhancing
security systems by using human factor, effective screening measures,
establishing airport perimeter security systems and how Dutch airline
KLM focuses on illegal immigration and drug traffickers.
In a panel discussion billed as ‘The Incident Series’ and moderated
by Marc Pearl, experts took the stage to focus on real airport security
incidents that have occurred and the lessons that can be learned.
Delegates heard about incidents at Narita International Airport during
the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, how LAX deals with planned
and unplanned events including dealing with crowds and managing
chaos, plus how Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport conducts
perimeter security.
In another round of breakout sessions, evaluating the threat of
drones to airspace was given the spotlight, plus a detailed look into a
risk-based approach to airport security.
In the afternoon Panel Discussion, moderated by Johnnie Müller
(Security Director at Copenhagen Airports), topics turned to the future
and about what airport security officials can expect from the different
types of incidents and disruptions that could occur. The session
highlighted that airports have been under strict security measures for
many years which have forced them into purchasing a range of more
advanced technology. Discussions looked at how airports have coped
with the changes needed plus tackled questions around evaluating if
it has been the right approach, with further
examinations highlighting if the technology actually
meets the threats that can occur tomorrow.
Airport IT
Chaired by Shane Zbrodoff (Director Projects at
Calgary International Airport) on Day One, topics
surrounding legislation and regulation affecting air
safety and air traffic control opened the conference
which examined advances in airport and air
safety technologies, plus laws and regulations
affecting areas such as navigation, safety and the
effect on IT systems.
Elsewhere, Houman Goudarzi (Project Manager,
Technology and Innovation, Airports and Fuel at
IATA) provided an update on aviation information
EVENT REVIEW
Barcelona played host to Airport Security and Airport IT 2015
Panel discussions played a key part of the 2015 conferences
Airport Security – testimonials
“Simply outstanding, thank you”
“Excellent conference”
“My first attendance at a security conference and overall a very good
experience – I will attend again”
“This has been an eye-opener; as a newcomer this conference has been
an excellent opportunity to meet experienced colleagues and it has
been a great learning experience”
“Professional and informing”
“Overall very good – will definitely advise for 2016”

exchange standards, plus delegates heard
about future-proofing common-use
technology in today’s airports. There was
also a presentation looking at the chall-
enges of fusing data within the context of
air transportation.
Before the networking lunch break, all
delegates moved into breakout sessions
which gave a platform for further dis-
cussion on topics such as IT departments
and their future role within the overall
airport environment.
Topics looked at throughout the after-
noon included: the integration of smart cities
with a showcase of how this works at Athens
International Airport; how to achieve ‘mobile
thinking’ to transform daily staff operations
with a look at how Heathrow Airport manages this; an impressive
overview of how the world’s biggest airport project in Istanbul is
addressing growing passenger numbers whilst maintaining efficiency
and increasing revenues; what technology is available to track the
performance of security checkpoints in real-time; plus how ground staff
can use mobile information sharing systems technology to improve the
efficiency of ground handling services.
Day Two was Chaired by Dominic Nessi (Deputy Director/Chief
Information Officer at Los Angeles World Airports) with a range of
topics presented including a session on exploring the next steps
towards the ‘Internet of Everything’, how Miami International
Airport is using beacon technology to connect with mobile-enabled
travellers and how the data captured can help to improve future
passengers experiences.
As part of Greater Orlando Airport’s huge investment in
redesigning check-in facilities, John Newsome, Director of Information
Technology, highlighted what results have been sourced so far by
incorporating innovative concepts and technologies.
Elsewhere, Lorenzo Belicchi (Airport Sales Director at SITA) – one of
the event sponsors – took the stage to explain how technology
innovation is building the passenger journey of tomorrow and
how best to maximise revenues, improve customer satisfaction
and drive efficiency.
Delegates could also choose from two more breakout sessions
which included looking at the trends that are utilising technology in
airport retail, plus assessing how management of critical airport
processes can be effectively supported by up-to-date technology.
In an afternoon Panel Discussion made up of several industry
experts and moderated by Etienne van Zuijlen from SITA, the topic
moved onto Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) and how
the SESAR Airport Operations Management concept builds on A-CDM
capabilities by extending the planning horizon and defining additional
services. However, questions in the session highlighted if the
technology is actually ready to support the next steps or will there be
similar challenges to overcome.
Joint session
A joint session bringing together attendees from both Airport
Security and Airport IT to concentrate on cyber-security was a
highlight of Day One. Delegates met at four different roundtables to
discuss, develop and understand how the cyber threat is being tackled
by airports and airlines around the globe. The ability to recognise
threats and then prepare a comprehensive cyber-security strategy was a
key focal point of the session, along with discussions around what
technology and systems can be targets, how to manage situations and
who has ultimate responsibility.
Speed networking
Delegates could end Day One by joining a networking drinks reception
with a twist – speed networking! It was the perfect platform to
continue discussions highlighted during the day and forging new
relationships – over tapas!
Tours
Rounding-off the event, delegates had to opportunity to join one of
two tours organised to further enhance their knowledge of airport
security and information technology including a trip to Barcelona-
El Prat Airport and a tour of the Vanderlande Factory.
EVENT REVIEW
Thank you!
International Airport Review would like to give a special thanks to all involved on the
conference Advisory Board and the speakers for their input in helping to create the event
programme. We would also like to thank our sponsors and supporters for their involvement,
plus the exhibitors who helped create a welcoming and informative networking area.
If you would like to sign-up for this year’s event please visit www.airportsecurity
conference.com or www.airportinformationtechnology.com and join us this autumn.
One of the highlights of Day One was the joint Cyber Security Roundtables which brought
together attendees from both Airport Security and Airport IT

What do you consider as the key threats
to the security of the aviation industry in 2016?
Terrorists, extremists and people with evil intent have attacked airlines,
hotels used by crew and airports. Many innocent people have died.
Hostile cyber-attacks are an almost daily occurrence. Criminals regularly
try to steal passenger and corporate data for financial advantage.
The industry has become more reliant on technology-based
systems and therefore the prospect for disruption to operations from a
cyber-attack has risen. We have seen a long-standing threat – the
‘insider’ – come to the fore, with hostile actors – both criminal and
extremist – exploiting employees to sabotage security procedures.
With the aviation sector continuing to grow, three core areas –
geopolitics, cyber and the insider – will continue to constitute the biggest
threats to aviation security and business continuity in the year ahead.
How do you define the ‘insider’ threat,
and why is it relevant to the aviation sector?
Employees can negatively affect aviation security for three reasons:
because they don’t know the rules, because they mistake or ignore them,
or because they deliberately break them. The first two can be managed
through effective communications, training, and good management.
The third category represents the insider threat. The key question here is
why employees deliberately act against their organisation.
Some individuals join the organisations with the intent to commit
damage. They are malicious and devious. The aviation industry knows
this and thoroughly vets employees before joining. However, not all
insider threat comes from ‘bad apples’. Often employees become
disenchanted and angry over time. These individuals are not alone
either; our research shows that disenchanted employees are often
grouped together in the same section or department. ‘Insiders’ come
from these disenchanted groups. The fact that they are in the
same section is no coincidence. The reason is nearly always the result
of poor management.
We have been researching this topic alongside UCL’s Psychology
department for more than 15 years and have developed a tool that
measures the extent and causes of employee disenchantment.
Knowing the causes for disenchantment is vital in knowing how to
manage and reduce insider threat risks.
Suggestions that the Metrojet crash in Egypt was enabled via the
exploitation of an employee at Sharm el-Sheikh airport have shifted
focus on to whether we can detect employees becoming radicalised.
Academic research has discovered that the process of extremism is a
linear progression. It is a staircase, where specific factors influence
whether the individual will take the next, increasingly more extreme,
step towards radicalisation. Moreover, while the final steps of
radicalisation may go unnoticed in the workplace, the initial steps can
be detected. We are developing a tool to help reduce this risk.
What can the sector do to manage the threats it faces?
Encouragingly, aviation authorities, regional bodies, international airlines
and crime prevention agencies are increasingly cooperating and sharing
information, which is vital to understanding and mitigating many of
these cross-border threats. However, levels of cooperation fluctuate
and progress will be slow. Companies – whether they be aircraft
manufacturers, airlines or airport operators – can all take measures to
manage their exposure to some of the threats mentioned earlier.
Companies should ensure their staff are properly briefed both
at induction and throughout their careers about the cyber threat.
They should also ensure they have adequate and effective defences
from cyber attack
Vetting employees before they enter is important, but not the
whole solution. An employee can become an insider when subjected to
poor management. The aviation sector needs to understand what
disenchants employees and drives them to damage their organisation.
We have tools to help identify the potentially damaging employee and
existing pockets of disenchantment.
It is also critical that companies stay abreast of fast changing
situations, not just those linked to conflict and terrorism but also those
from environmental events, industrial action, criminal trends or
changing regulatory obligations on operators. To help airlines monitor
trends and prepare for changing geopolitical events, we provide free
daily updates and country risk assessments, via our online geopolitical
Risk Portal (https://riskportal.pgitl.com).
INTERVIEW
60 Seconds
with…
John Taylor is the founder and CEO of JTiP. JTiP provides high quality training to British and
overseas governments to improve the capabilities of intelligence and security agencies
and contribute to better national security policy. JTiP is part of PGI, a global risk manage-
ment consultancy that specialises in cybersecurity, open-source intelligence and human
behavioural analysis.
John Taylor, Founder and CEO of JTip, discusses what he
believes to be the key threats to aviation security

t: +44 (0) 113 385 4187 e: info@LNTsolutions.com w: www.LNTsolutions.com
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include Airside Solid and Type I/II/IV Aircraft Deicing Fluids.

Winter
Operations
SUPPLEMENT
©ssuaphotos/Shutterstock.com
19 Warsaw Chopin
Airport does not
fear the winter
22 Winter is a
state of mind
Craig Bradbrook, Vice President - Aviation Services,
Toronto Pearson International Airport, GTAA
25 Innovating the
de-icing tradition
Tim Peyton, Aircraft De-icing Expert, LNT Solutions
26 Preparing
for the worst
Jon Dutton, Business Manager – Aviation Team,
Met Office
30 Winter Operations
Roundtable
Moderated by Craig Bradbrook,
Vice President – Aviation Services, Toronto Pearson
International Airport, GTAA
SPONSORS:

WINTER OPERATIONS SUPPLEMENT
Warsaw Chopin
Airport does not
fear the winter
Ten super-modern Øveraasen snow removal kits, dozens of auxiliary machinery and a regiment
of 100 experienced people, seasoned in the toughest weather – Warsaw Chopin Airport can
confidently state that it fears neither snow nor frost. And as colleagues from the Polish airport
explain, this season they will prove once again that the airport is one of the best prepared for
winter conditions of all the airports in Europe.
Warsaw Chopin Airport has almost 700 hectares and over 15km of
surface runways and taxiways, with 100 hectare surface of parking
aprons for nearly 100 aircraft. Keeping the airport of this size in a
continuous performance state during winter is a challenge for airport
services staff.
“The most important are of course the runways, because airplanes
move there at high speeds,” says Wojciech Łobodda, Deputy Head of
the Paving and Machinery Maintenance Unit of Warsaw Chopin
Airport. “Pilots must be sure that the surface is in a perfect condition,
otherwise they would not land and passengers would have trouble
reaching their destinations. Sometimes during heavy snowfall, the
runway is available for just half an hour. Then the snowploughs enter
the scene, and the airplanes are put on hold and wait for the signal to
land. We repeat the procedure till the end of the precipitation.”
It’s not the same as on the road
To fight the snow, the airport has powerful Øveraasen sets. They consist
of a Mercedes tractor with a head-mounted folding plough with a
6.8m working width. The towing tractor is also equipped with a brush
cleaner with a 5.5m working width and a strong fan which dries the
surface and blows away the remains of loose snow.
As Wojciech says: “This set is very different from an ordinary plough
that works on the roads. First of all, it is much larger. Road ploughs
usually have a working width of 3m and our airport ones are twice
wider. But their task is essentially the same.”
Always ready
The new sets are also much more efficient than the machines the
airport used in the previous winter seasons. In the past it took two runs

of eight machines to clear the runway across the entire width. Today, it
takes just one run. Removing snow from the runway of over 3.6km
takes 15-20 minutes at the most. In many other airports, snowploughs
occupy a runway up to two times longer.
At Warsaw Chopin Airport there are teams of drivers on duty
around the clock, ready at any moment to jump into the cars and move
into action.
“Our standard is to start the equipment and leave the base after it
begins to snow. Winter does not surprise us – we respond almost
immediately,” says Marek Walczak, Head of the Paving and Machinery
Maintenance Unit. “Every minute, during which
the planes cannot land or take off, is a
measurable loss for the airport.”
Marek stresses that Warsaw Chopin Airport
is never actually closed for traffic due to bad weather conditions: “I
recall the last such case was in 2013. During a very harsh winter
the flight operations were halted twice for a period of one hour. At the
same time, the main European airports were closed for several days.
We can usually handle the situation, even if it snows very hard.”
Winter does not scare us
To maintain the surface in a good condition, several pieces of
auxiliary machinery are also used. Among them, worth mentioning is a
special mobile sprinkler, used for sprinkling chemicals on runways
and taxiways.
“Arms with nozzles, which administer the chemicals, extend to a
width of 36m. This makes it possible to spray the entire technical width
of the runway in one pass,” explains Marek.
The chemicals applied at the airport are harmless to the metal parts
of the landing gear or the environment; and that’s because Warsaw
Chopin Airport strives to excel in ecology and
uses liquid and granule chemicals on the basis
of formate instead of urea for the de-icing of
the surface.
Marek continues: “The chemical is several times more expensive,
but we can honestly say that it can be totally disposed of not harming
the environment.”
The airport has also managed to solve the problem of the harmful
glycol used for de-icing the aircraft wings before take-off.
“The spaces where the de-icing is carried out are
equipped with special installations that catch any
liquid glycol,” explains Witold Piechota, Head of
Environmental Protection Unit. “Such contaminated
fluid is then transferred to an external company
for utilisation.”
Ready for a signal
Warsaw Chopin Airport has a modern ‘Ice Alert’
system made by Boschung, which allows early
prediction of icing and applying preventive measures
on surfaces of the runways and taxiways in advance.
The system consists of six measuring stations
located at each of the airport runways. Each one is
equipped with a unique and patented active sensor
of surface condition (BOSO and ARCTIS) and
electronic analysers of the collected data. Thanks to
the automatic computer analysis of collected
parameters, including air and surface temperature,
Warsaw Chopin Airport is equipped with numerous machines so it can tackle winter weather
Credit:LotniskoChopinaLukaszWidziszowskiLCS
There are teams of drivers at-the-ready to respond and move into action
Credit:DKłosiński
»Winter does not
surprise us – we respond
almost immediately

surface moisture, relative humidity and the amount of
precipitation, it is possible to accurately forecast current
freezing temperatures at which black ice may appear on
the runways.
It is worth mentioning that a separate system,
complementing the Ice Alert, is installed on a part of
overpass accessing the Terminal A from the city.
Meteorological stations were supplemented by automatic
road sprinklers which distribute special agent that prevents
freezing on the surface of the road. This way, all the roads in
front of the departures hall of Terminal A are always black
and free of ice.
Each tonne matters
Of course, the ice and snow at airports are very undesirable.
Their presence may endanger the safety of flight operations
and disrupt the flow of traffic. Therefore, all the runways and
taxiways at Warsaw Chopin Airport must always be clean
and black, so that aircraft can safely take-off and land.
Interestingly enough, the majority of de-icing agents are
consumed not when there’s a -20°C frost outside. The air then is usually
dry and it’s not raining nor snowing, so the road surfaces – once
cleaned, are black and dry. Much more challenging is the phenomenon
of ‘crossing zero’, which happens when the temperature from positive
figures drops quickly to approximately 2°C below zero, and then
returns to the ‘plus side’. In extreme cases, it may happen several
times a day. The changes in temperature are
frequently accompanied by heavy snowfall or
freezing rain. In such conditions, only the most
experienced people know what method of
securing the runways will be the most effective.
“Sometimes the best are liquid chemicals,
sometimes granulated, sometimes it is not worth to apply anything,”
explains Wojciech. “This cannot be found in books; you read it from
the air, the force of the wind, the movement of mercury in the
thermometer. You have to survive a few, maybe a dozen winters at
the airport to know.”
Knowledge and experience come in very handy, because if the
de-icing agents are applied wrong, the whole airport could become
paralysed and also the cost of its maintenance could signifi-
cantly increase. Each year the airport consumes on average about
1.5 thousand tonnes of chemicals to de-ice roads, but during a
severe winter the amount may increase twofold. The use of each tonne
of such agents should be well thought out
and justified.
Winter professionals
Fortunately, the employees of Warsaw Chopin
Airport’s Airport Maintenance Unit are among
the most experienced professionals in their trade in Europe. They gain
their experience each year, because the climate of Warsaw is harsh.
During the 2014/15 winter season there were 25 days of snowfall,
and during 63 days the temperature was around zero. The frequency
of ‘zero crossings’ was higher by approximately 10% than the average
for the past 15 winters. Nevertheless, Marek believes that the previous
winter was one of the mildest in recent years. “The total cost of airport
maintenance during this period amounted to 5.8 million PLN. Winter
2012/13 was much harder when we spent a record of 16.3 million PLN.
During that winter the snowfall lasted 60 days – from 27 October
to 5 April. Despite extreme conditions, our airport hasn’t stopped
working, not even for a moment.”
The current winter season has not been very harsh so far.
But even if this is subject to change, Warsaw Chopin Airport is of
course prepared.
Did you know…
Before the start of the 2015/2016 winter season, Warsaw Chopin Airport’s new garage-
warehouse complex with an area of over 2,000m2
was put into service. The garage is a place to
house chemical protection equipment plus there are two workshop stations where inspections
and repairs can be carried out. In a building next door, a warehouse for depositing chemical
agents has also been created. The building can store 500 tonnes of granules and 500 tonnes of
de-icing liquid. The warehouse is equipped with an automatic filling system of mobile
spreaders and sprinklers, which significantly speeds up the work of the maintenance team.
Each year, the airport consumes on average 1.5 thousand tonnes of chemicals to
de-ice roads, but during severe winters, that amount can increase twofold
Credit:LotniskoChopinaLukaszWidziszowskiLCS
It is essential to act fast during winter weather so that runways can
be kept in operation
Credit:DKłosiński
»Sometimes the best
are liquid chemicals,
sometimes granulated,
sometimes it is not
worth to apply anything

Winter is a
state of mind
Canadians often complain about winter. But they also take pride in their
ability to cope with its challenges. After a major blizzard, people
exchange war stories about how long it took them to get to work – but
the point is they persevered and they got there.
The same attitude prevails at Toronto Pearson, Canada’s largest
airport and North America’s second-busiest hub measured by inter-
national traffic. When we’re hit by snow or freezing rain, which can
happen anytime from November through to April, one question is top of
mind for the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) and our airline
partners: how can we work together to manage expectations, keep
flights moving and hold as closely as possible to a regular schedule?
Traffic at Toronto Pearson, which exceeded 41 million passengers in
2015, has grown by about 7% in each of the past two years, and that
pace shows every sign of continuing. As a result, when winter weather
turns severe it just adds a further layer of complexity to the already
daunting challenge of maintaining smooth operations. This pressure to
keep traffic flowing is felt even more by our carriers, who work
constantly to optimise schedules and deploy more efficiently
configured aircraft. Even a relatively minor winter storm can cause
costly delays to regional services. If a long-haul flight takes a protracted
delay, the domino effect on the airline’s operation can be significant,
threatening both revenue and passenger loyalty.
This consciousness of the human factor frames our overall winter
operations strategy at Toronto Pearson. As the global connection
point for a city of 6.5 million, we serve a two-hour-flight catchment
area that is the largest in North America, with a population exceeding
150 million. So when it comes to dealing with winter, a lot of people
are counting on us to get it right.
Winter is coming
Faced with light or even moderate snowfall, our goal at Toronto
Pearson is to keep all flights operating safely with the minimum
possible delays. It takes about 15 minutes to clear each of our five
runways. If snow is falling at a rate of 1cm per hour, as soon as one
snow-clearance circuit is complete, it’s time to begin the next.
Meanwhile, the apron areas are being cleared constantly to ensure that
aircraft can be serviced efficiently.
Around 180 people work on snow removal in 12-hour shifts, with
each shift team operating up to 30 pieces of equipment for plowing,
sweeping, snow-blowing and surface treatment. In addition, a full
Occasional blasts of severe winter weather are a fact of life at Toronto Pearson International
Airport. For Craig Bradbrook, Vice President of Aviation Services, the key to minimising their
impact is ensuring that everyone shares a belief in the value of collaboration.

Take off
EVEN WHEN SNOW
IS FALLING.
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EFFICIENT, AND SAFE IN ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS:
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ice on the ground, Clariant provides deicers such as Safewing® for aircraft
and Safeway® for runways. These products guarantee safe, efficient, and
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backup team is always on call to provide extra support as needed. Work
conditions can be tough. While equipment operators ride in heated
cabs, others – from crews shovelling snow around the gates to
electricians maintaining the runway lights – often face temperatures in
the minus double-digits, with wind-chill effects that feel even colder.
The snow in Toronto tends to be wet, which makes it difficult
to clear quickly, and when compacted, it quickly turns to ice. Before
a storm hits, we may apply potassium acetate to paved surfaces as a
preventative anti-icing treatment. After snow plowing, we use sodium
formate to melt the underlying ice. These agents are used judiciously;
any run-off is monitored by the airport’s extensive stormwater
management system and diverted as necessary to sanitary sewers.
Beyond the need for environmental sustainability, treating runways
is also expensive. And when the difference between simple rain and
hazardous freezing rain can be a last-minute fluctuation of one degree,
we have to be constantly refining the art and science of deciding exactly
when to take appropriate measures. Innovative technology certainly
helps. For instance, we use in-ground sensors to monitor temperatures
at the pavement surface – a critical piece of data in predicting the
potential flash-freezing of rain or melting snow.
Additionally, we constantly invest in clearing equipment, such as
high-performance snow blowers that can remove up to 7,500 tonnes
an hour. But in the end what counts most during a storm is how
people from diverse organisations work together. When a busy Air
Canada ramp crew pushes an aircraft back briefly from the gate so we
can get in to clear the apron, it’s clear that everyone is focused on a
common goal.
Melting the ice
Close coordination among multiple players is equally critical in aircraft
de-icing. Toronto Pearson’s Central Deicing Facility (CDF) is probably the
www.internationalairportreview.com Volume 20 · Issue 1 · 2016
Coordination among multiple players is critical in aircraft de-icing

largest centralised facility of its kind in the
world – a 26-hectare site with six bays that
can service up to a dozen narrow-bodied
planes at once. It’s a highly efficient
operation today but an additional deicing
facility will be needed in the near future in
response to the steady rise in traffic at our
airport, and as the proportion of wide-
bodied jets in the schedule grows.
To ensure we always have deiced aircraft
ready to depart, we set an hourly target 20%
higher than the runway launch capacity
established by NAV Canada, which manages
all traffic in and out of airport. But of course
maintaining a steady flow throughout the
hour depends on carriers getting their
aircraft off the gates and over to the CDF.
And faced with constantly changing weather conditions, not to
mention the requirement that planes held in queue too long must
go back for further deicing, trying to orchestrate an optimal number of
departures is a bit like playing three-dimensional chess – except in this
case everyone wins through responsive, respectful collaboration.
Managing expectations
In January 2014, unusual weather conditions – a sequence of rain,
snow, sudden squalls and an extreme temperature drop with wind chills
as low as -39ºC – caused a service disruption that brought into relief the
winter operations challenges faced by our airport. It also provided an
opportunity to revisit the priorities we’ve set with our carriers and other
partners to deliver the best possible passenger experience.
Two years on, we’ve introduced a number of operational changes,
including redesigned shift patterns to deploy staff more effectively, and
the expansion of our Emergency Operations Centre to better
coordinate the efforts of the GTAA, our airlines and other service
providers. Indeed, much of our collective energy has been focused on
fostering closer collaboration among all Toronto Pearson stakeholders.
We’ve established protocols to ensure consistent and frequent
communications to passengers as winter weather events unfold. A new
page on our website provides timely travel updates and is the default
homepage during a disruption. Extended Wi-Fi and cellular coverage
helps keep everyone connected even when demand spikes. Our mobile
app pushes up-to-the-minute information to subscribers in our
terminals. And all 1,200 GTAA employees have been briefed on
guidelines for addressing passenger needs during a winter event – right
down to making sure essential items such as diapers and drinking
water are readily available.
The common goal behind all of these efforts is to better handle
passengers’ expectations. People understand that bad weather can
impact an airport’s operation and cause flight delays. But they naturally
expect to have the latest information as a situation evolves. And to
deliver on that, the various organisations that work together at Toronto
Pearson need to communicate clearly among ourselves.
Better together
The key players at our airport have always had well-defined roles and
responsibilities. The difference now is that we understand more about
each other’s businesses, the goals we share in common and how we
can better align our efforts to achieve them. When adverse weather is
heading our way, everyone is alerted early, and a core group meets
quickly to prepare. There are open and frank discussions as the group
weighs competing priorities – other than safety, which is an ironclad
priority for all. The result is a coordinated response that balances the
perspectives of NAV Canada, airline operations managers, the CDF,
ground handlers and all other groups who help to keep flights coming
and going.
As bad weather begins to have a direct impact, consultations
continue via newly created intersection points between organisations.
For example, a performance manager from Air Canada, our largest
carrier, is now embedded within the Integrated Operations Control
Centre, which oversees airport activities around the clock. And joint
operational decisions are now routed through the Airport Duty
Manager, a role within the GTAA that has been elevated to ensure a
single point of contact and a unified view of all interrelated efforts.
For our collective winter operations team, the definition of a
‘perfect storm’ is one that has virtually no impact: the runways get
cleared, planes are deiced and passengers come and go with minimal
delays – leaving the 40,000 people who work at Toronto Pearson to
swap war stories about what it took to make that happen. Of course,
some storms are simply too big to get ahead of, affecting airports
throughout our region, diverting flights across the continent and
causing missed connections on the other side of the world. But amidst
all of the unpredictable elements, one thing is certain: the best
response is driven by collaboration and explained at every step through
direct, transparent communications. Because while we can’t change
the weather, we can change our ability to meet the expectations it
creates. Winter isn’t just a season – it’s a state of mind.
Craig Bradbrook is Vice President of Aviation Services at Toronto Pearson
InternationalAirport.HejoinedtheGTAAinOctober2014,followingsixyears
as Director, Security, Facilitation and Airport Information Technology and
two years as Deputy Director General of Airports Council International (ACI)
in Montreal. Mr. Bradbrook spent 18 years in airport operations in Hong
Kong, as an airport manager and senior safety officer at Kai Tak Airport and
as a general manager with the Airport Authority Hong Kong operating Chek
Lap Kok Airport. Before entering airport management, Mr. Bradbrook was a police officer in the
Hong Kong Police, attaining the rank of Chief Inspector in charge of the airport police tactical
response unit. He holds degrees and certification from the Cranfield University, the University of
New South Wales (Safety Science) and Loughborough University (Security Management).
180 people work on snow removal in 12-hour shifts

Innovating
the de-icing
tradition
Prior to recent innovations, the process of applying Type I, II, III and IV
products to aircraft and the basic composition of the applied chemicals
used in de/anti-icing have remained largely unchanged. As a result, the
chemical technology has been replicated by a number of vendors all
with similar products and approach as the chemical products have
been established for 20+ years. Although their performance has been
incrementally improved, their basic composition remains constant.
They are all essentially Rheology modified Glycol/Water solutions with
varying additives to give fluid characteristics such as corrosion
inhibition, surface wetting and formability to name a few.
Similarly, as products have been developed, the test methods
to assess their performance have also been formed to assess
and measure their physico-chemical performance in terms of
endurance, aerodynamic viability and corrosivity among other
aspects. As new products have to fit the defined and historically trusted
test criteria, they are essentially complex ‘me-toos’. In addition,
dramatic advances are naturally stifled by a limited choice of
natural freeze-point suppressant chemicals which also meet the
stringent anti-corrosion challenges. The historical data and confidence
these products have gained make it difficult to deviate from the
base-product technology.
What has been radically improved is the application technology,
control systems and methodology to spray the fluid. Being a relative
newcomer to this specific market-segment, LNT Solutions (LNT) has
grown up with this technology and established de/anti-icing fluids with
this awareness. Working alongside partners, LNT has employed these
innovations specifically to alleviate difficulties experienced when
extreme weather hits, beyond just improved chemical performance,
adding logistical performance-benefits. Taking a novel approach to
manufacturing products maximises the potential of the latest
application, control and stock management technology developed in
the sector.
An important aspect is the inclusion of a manufacturing and logistic
strategy to allow end-users such as airlines, airports and service providers
to minimise the strain on supply-chain logistics. Instead of
manufacturing at locations where the factory just ‘happens to be’, LNT
manufactures in strategic locations, which are often near or on an
airport facility.
From these nearby bases, specially formulated concentrated
additive packaged products are supplied with a number of advantages
over traditional fluids. LNT PC-1 and EC-1 single-shot ad-packs
represent a tiny proportion of the finished product (~2%) and negate
the requirement to ship vast quantities of water and Glycol to the
point-of-use. Instead, these commodities can be sourced and stored
independently and the final blending can be performed on site. By
working closely with our equipment manufacturer we’ve even enabled
their system to blend de-icing fluid in the vehicle on demand.
The concentrates can be stored for long periods of time and
exposed to environmental stresses that would be detrimental to
finished blended de/anti-icing fluid. They can also be supplied in 1,000l
totes which are easier to manage than discreet batches of 25,000l+
tanker-containers. For airports, this means less storage and more
flexibility to react to changing weather conditions.
Working with independent and innovative de/anti-icing service
provider has allowed the recovery, recycling and re-use of the glycol
freeze-point suppressant used in de/anti-icing fluid. They can simply
collect, treat and separate out the Glycol, blend it with water and add
LNT’s ad-pack to produce re-usable de-icing fluid. Such an innovation
has huge advantages as it reduces the bio-burden on the airport and
surrounding environment. This technology is currently in service
and used to produce LNT E-188 Type 1 fluid. There are no physical
limitations to this technology being used to manufacture LNT E450
Type 4 fluid in the future.
Coupled with the constant endeavour to improve on chemical
technology, these innovations will take the industry one step further in
full winter-preparedness. De/anti-icing innovation in new technologies
is set to provide far greater logistical and planning value during this
unpredictable season.
INDUSTRY INSIGHT
Aircraft de-icing fluid expert, Tim Peyton, joined LNT Solutions in 2011, and has since led the
development of LNT’s range of thickened fluids. He has also used his manufacturing expertise to
assist the glycol recycling projects in which LNT is involved. Tim was previously Head of
Operations at Kilfrost.
Historically, aerospace de/anti-icing technology has grown from the original concept of applying
a freeze-point suppressant chemical to the wings of aircrafts. In a market whereby such a norm
has influenced the entire de-icing industry, including the development of test methods, how can
new life be injected into the way we deice to meet the age-old problems faced in winter periods?
Aircraft de-icing fluid expert at LNT Solutions, Tim Peyton, explains how seemingly subtle
changes to application technology, control systems and methodology are the principal drivers for
the innovations which are now revolutionising de/anti-icing technology.

Severe weather such as snow can impact the smooth running of the
aviation industry and these are not just issues around scheduling
flights, but also around the vast aray of associated infrastructure,
passengers and staff resources.
For example, the heavy snow in December 2010 was one of the
most significant and disruptive weather events in recent memory. It led
to significant challenges for both airlines and airports for several days.
Meanwhile in January 2015 snow again brought travel distruption to
northern England, closing airports as well as schools and roads.
The challenges facing the UK
In the UK, it is no secret that our airport infrastructure is under pressure
to keep up with demand, which has led to the recent heated debate
around expansion. Indeed, UK passenger numbers in the second
quarter of 2015 hit a new peak, with the rolling 12 month passenger
total being the highest since records began.
Due to this high demand, many of our international airports have
to work to a much higher capacity than those in other countries,
meaning weather events can have a more significant impact.
Winter weather can present a unique set of challenges when it comes to the smooth running
of an airport. Jon Dutton, Business Manager of the Met Office Aviation team, looks to the
future of forecasting in the UK.
©VereshchaginDmitry/Shutterstock.com
Preparing
for the worst

Visit www.vestergaardcompany.com
For example, many airports around the globe typically run at 50-60% of
runway capacity. The UK’s largest and busiest airport – Heathrow – runs
at 98% capacity every day.
Forecasting in the UK will always present challenges due to its
geographical position between the Atlantic Ocean and continental
Europe, which leads to variable weather patterns. This makes accurate
forecasting for the aviation industry imperative.
Met Office aviation meteorologists are based on site at Heathrow
Airport 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Working directly alongside
operational staff has become a vital tool for airports as they work to
predict and mitigate the impact of bad weather. On a day-to-day basis,
our aviation meteorologists are there to advise the airport on the likely
impacts of any weather events. This vital information is also passed on
to airlines, so a truly coordinated effort is put into managing and
minimising disruption to schedules, and ultimately the passengers.
The Met Office also provides information on a much wider scale to
The Met Office’s operations centre

support aviation on a global level. One of only two World Area Forecast
Centres (WAFC), providing high-level weather information for the
entire globe, is based at Met Office headquarters in Exeter. We are
also one of only nine Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAAC) world-
wide, responsible for monitoring and forecasting the movement of
volcanic ash.
Aviation-specific forecasts
Different types or ‘ranges’ of forecasts help airports plan different
operational elements. Short term forecasts are vital for staff operational
planning, for example frost or snow events will mean that more staff
will be required at airports for de-icing
or snow clearance purposes.
The Met Office advises on
conditions such as air temperature,
ground temperature, surface winds
and winds at 3,000ft. This helps
to manage landing and take off
schedules and to plan mitigation measures such as securing equipment
around the terminals in high winds. The challenge is to reduce delays
and minimise disruption.
During a flight, jetstream winds and temperatures can have a
significant impact on fuel consumption and flight schedules. In
passenger aircraft, turbulence is a major concern, while thunderstorms
can close air routes for hundreds of miles.
Long-term planning and forecasting also plays an important
role. The Met Office is increasingly working with airlines and airports
to provide longer range outlooks designed for those who make
longer-term strategic decisions based on risk and implement
contingency planning.
These long-term indications help airports and airlines plan future
operations and purchasing decisions. For example, indications of a
colder than usual winter can highlight the need to look at the amount
of de-icing fluid an airport or airline may purchase that year. It can also
aid in the planning of longer term staffing requirements.
Reductions and mitigation of disruption
In marginal weather conditions, it is vital that airports and airlines are
able to make confident weather-sensitive decisions if they are to keep
runways open and flight schedules on time. No one can stop weather
from happening so reduction and mitigation of disruption is key.
There are many tools airports can use to help them plan ahead and
reduce disruption, such as the Met Office OpenRunway®
service – an
online weather forecasting package
– offering critical weather informa-
tion and timely alerts on changing
weather conditions.
Snow and ice
Winter snow and ice can have a major
impact on airport operations. Aircraft may have to be deiced prior to
departure and runways have to be cleared or treated, while the work of
ground staff may be impacted and refuelling affected.
Working closely with meteorologists during a significant weather
event can help airports and airlines prepare and plan. Forecasts often
include the likelihood of snow five-days in advance and 24 hours before
can detail the exact timings of snowfall, how long it will last and how
heavily it is expected to be. A timely, accurate forecast can mean
snow clearance vehicles and crews are prepared and a schedule
for snow clearance organised.
The Met Office provides a colour-coded anti-icing and de-icing alert
up to five days ahead of difficult weather, which can help aircraft
complete their planned flying programme, help ensure stock and staff
management is well-planned and reduce the environmental impacts of
©JaromirChalabala/Shutterstock.com
»Investment continues in
research and development, satellite
remote-sensing and, crucially,
supercomputing to ensure that the
UK has the weather forecasting
ability it requires

International Airport Review JAN 2016

International Airport Review JAN 2016

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