Solar Desalination
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Innovative metthod to convert highly saline produced water
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Solar Desalination
- 2. R‐TEN Water and Energy Innovative Solutions Limited Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) Muscat, Oman March 30, 2013 Petroleum Development Oman Mr. David Muscat, Oman Dear Sir/Madam: We would like to offer you our Expressions of Interest (EOI). This proposal is for making economic use of highly saline water produced as a byproduct from oil production activities. We would like to take this opportunity to introduce ourselves as a leading supplier of Oilfield, Gas Processing Industries & Government Departments. We deal in a wide range of products related to the Oil & Gas industries. We are the Stockiest and Distributors of Reputed and renowned International Manufacturers from the USA, Germany, United Kingdom, other members of the European Union and Japan. We are also specialists in local as well as international sourcing of products and our experience in this field is vast. We have formed a partnership for this project with Gáz‐Coop Kftl, Tech Group, SMB Environmental Projects, Zuccato Energia, and Batliwala Process Engineering. We are designing and supplying all such systems and equipment thorough a consortium of our group firms and very rarely, any outsourcing is required to supply these equipment. Sincerely, R‐TEN Water and Energy Innovative Solutions Limited X Mohammed Taher Netarwala CEO And Founder
- 3. MUSCAT, OMAN
- 6. i Executive Summary R-TEN Water and Energy Innovative Solutions Limited and our partner Gáz-Coop Kft, Tec Group, SMB Environmental Projects, & Batliwala Process engineering are pleased to present this technical proposals for treatment and reuse of 5,000 m³/day of produced water at both Field 1 and Field 2 for a life cycle of 20 years. We understand that PDO seeks Expressions of Interest (EOI) from companies capable and interested in making economic use of highly saline water it produces as a byproduct from its oil production activities. Two fields have been identified by PDO for study of beneficial reuse of highly saline produced water, in the North i.e. Field 1 and Field 2. This proposal broadly covers the following scope of work. • Proposal for treatment and reuse • Description of plant and equipment • Description of process and outlet product(s) specifications • Waste specifications and disposal method • Material Balance Sheet • Details of resources required • Important milestones With our familiarity with the high saline content of produced water, deep understanding of the requirements of the Petroleum Development Oman (PDO)project and with a large pool of system support engineers based locally in Oman , we in R-TEN Water And Energy Solutions Limited are fully confident of contributing to the success of this project by working as the desalination systems. Basis of Proposal Document References This proposal is based on the following specifications documents and references therein: • Advertisement released in the newspapers on 3rd Feb, 2013
- 7. • Report Number: WM-2013-001 Bidders organization RTEN Water and Energy Innovative Solutions Existence : 1 year Location : UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Area : 1300 Sq. Ft. Products : We are established in Abu Dhabi and are suppliers to almost all prestigious contracting & Oil and Gas companies in Abu Dhabi. Primarily a trading organization, we would like to introduce ourselves as suppliers of Building Hardware, Tools, Solar Energy and Water Treatment Chemicals & Equipment. Small Wind, PV Solar, Hybrid Power System, Photo Voltaic Solar Panels of Sunpower Inc Corporation, Invertors and Charge Controllers from Schneider Electric for Photo Voltaic Power Plants, Solar Powered Street Light, Unique solar powered electric vehicles, Mobile solar power units. Infrastructure : Design and Engineering office equipped with Latest Software and Hardware. Dedicated Meeting Room and Printing Facility. Computer Aided Design and Drawing Facility. Tendering, Estimation, Sales, and Service facility. BATLIWALA PROCESS ENGINEERING Existence : 35 years Location : India Area : 35000 Sq. ft Products : Process equipments, sterilizer trolleys, multipurpose trolleys / carts and change room furniture for Pharmaceutical companies and other custom fabrication in Stainless steel. Infrastructure : A dedicated workshop for stainless steel fabrication using CNC laser cutting machine, CNC punch press, CNC bending / folding, CNC machine shop, TIG welding facility, finishing and polishing facility for stainless steel. Tech Group of Companies Existence : 5 years Location :United States of America Area : 7000 Sq. ft Products :. Harness NATURAL Energy and Water via Innovative Optimized Technologies to enhance the Quality of Residents and Environment of our World assuring Sustainable, Affordable and Peaceful life of mankind through Natural Products and Holistic Education.
- 8. Infrastructure :. TECH Group completed the feasibility of 20 MW Power from Solar thermal‐ Wind‐Bio‐Fuel and 500K Gallons per day of Potable Water for a coastal town in Baluchistan. TECH Group R&D team designed the Solar Powered Shuttle Van for Aga Khan University Karachi Campus. The R&D also completed the project of SCADA – System Control and Data Acquisition via GSM Network for Clean Drinking Water for All (CDWA) projects of KPK‐Pakistan Provincial Government. Designed & Developed the Fully Automated/Computerized Community Point of Sale (Water Vending Tower) capable of accepting payments via Coins, Prepaid Cards and Mobile Phone Payment Systems. Al Madad Foundation (TECH Group CSR Wing) participated in “Madad Operation” of Pakistan Navy to provide shelter to flood victims across Sindh & provided SAFE Drinking Water through Space Standard Water Processing Equipment for more than 20,000 IDEs. SMB Environmental Projects Existence : 5 years Location : India Area : 5000 Sq. ft Products : We have designed a State – of – the Art Evaporator System for recovering your costly chemicals as well as precious water which is other‐wise going to the waste stream. Our system is designed keeping in view a ZERO ‐ DISCHARGE EFFLUENT CONCEPT in view. Your waste water stream, not only causes environmental pollution to the ground water, river and field etc. but also carries with it costly chemicals which could otherwise be recovered and re‐processed for increasing the revenues for the factory / management. GázCoop Ltd. Existence : 5 years Location : Hungry Area : 5000 Sq. ft Products : Authorization process of water‐law establishment of sweet water well at 2 – 4 Vasút Street Tapolca. Bottled Mineral Water Plants. Designed & Developed the Fully Automated/Computerized Community Point of Sale (Water Vending Tower) capable of accepting payments via Coins, Prepaid Cards and Mobile Phone Payment Systems. Zuccato Energia Existence : 5 years Location : Italy Area : 5000 Sq. ft Products : We are a 100% italian firm, located in Verona, Italy, working in the field of renewable energies, with particular regard to Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) electric power generation systems , which have several applications in the efficient conversion of waste heat and low‐temperature heat into electricity. We are not just system integrator, as we design and build ourselves the special turbines which are the core of our systems. Bidders experience
- 9. 1. TORRENT PHARMACEUTICALS LTD., INDIA 2. CADILA PHARMACEUTICALS LTD., INDIA 3. CADILA HEALTHCARE LTD, INDIA 4. NIRMA LTD., INDIA 5. CLARIS LIFE SCIENCES LTD., INDIA 6. INTAS PHARMACEUTICALS LTD., INDIA 7. BIOTECH, INDIA 8. NEO PHARMA , UAE 9. GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICALS, 10. UMDASCH SHOP CONCEPT, UAE 11. SPEEDWELL DECOR, UAE 12. FAT TANK, UAE 13. TECH Group completed the feasibility of 20 MW Power from Solar thermal‐Wind‐Bio‐Fuel and 500K Gallons per day of Potable Water for a coastal town in Baluchistan. TECH Group R&D team designed the Solar Powered Shuttle Van for Aga Khan University Karachi Campus. The R&D also completed the project of SCADA – System Control and Data Acquisition via GSM Network for Clean Drinking Water for All (CDWA) project of KPK‐Pakistan Provincial Government. Designed & Developed the Fully Automated/Computerized Community Point of Sale (Water Vending Tower) capable of accepting payments via Coins, Prepaid Cards and Mobile Phone Payment Systems. Al Madad Foundation (TECH Group CSR Wing) participated in “Madad Operation” of Pakistan Navy to provide shelter to flood victims across Sindh & provided SAFE Drinking Water through Space Standard Water Processing Equipment for more than 20,000 IDEs. 14. Teatro Marcello Manager: Teatro Marcello Energy Srl. Plant Location: Roma, EUR Quarter, on the road to Fiumicino Plant Type: 1 x ZE‐50‐ULH LT‐ORC Module Application: Waste heat recovery from wood‐pellet‐fueled Burkhardt gasifiers and from the cooling jacket and flue gases of the MAN engines fueled by the syngas produced by said gasifiers.
- 23. Proposal for treatment and reuse The Water will be used to generate electricity by taking the brine water in to closed loop compact equipment for generating electricity using organic rankine cycle. The brine solution is than spread on the
- 24. land to generate salt and chlorine. The salt and chlorine is than packed in HDPE bags and transported for export. Designed using the most advanced technologies, the ZE-50-ULH power generation module from Zuccato Energia is a compact solution for the exploitation of small, low-temperature heat sources. As such, it is ideal to recover waste heat from engines and industrial processes as well as from geothermal or thermal solar sources. The ZE-50-ULH energy production module is an ORC system working on hot water (T≥93°C) and capable of outputting up to 50 kWE of electricity into the grid with a thermal power input of 500-600 kWT. Compact and efficient, it finds its ideal place in applications such as waste heat recovery from engines and industrial processes, small-scale geothermal and solar thermal power generation. The ZE-150-LT energy production module from Zuccato Energia is an ORC system working on overheated water (T≥155°C) and capable of up to 150 kWE output with a 1100 kWT thermal input. Compact and powerful, it represent the ideal solution for small scale or residential power plants (such biogas-fueled or biomass-fueled plants).
- 28. Waste specifications and disposal method Brine disposal can be an environmental and economical issue in some areas where the fauna and flora are sensitive to local groundwater salinity increase. Brine disposal should be studied and engineered case by case. We have designed a State – of – the Art Evaporator System for recovering costly chemicals as well as precious water which is other-wise going to the waste stream. Our system is designed keeping in view a ZERO - DISCHARGE EFFLUENT CONCEPT in view. Waste water stream, not only causes environmental pollution to the ground water, river and field etc. but also carries with it costly chemicals which could otherwise be recovered and re-processed for increasing the revenues. Basically, the system involves a precisely designed evaporator, completely made of Stainless Steel, a set of condensers, body in SS and tubes in especial alloy. While receiving tank and residue holding tanks are shown in the scheme, the same are optional. Also, a reactor is not shown in this scheme, which may also be required in some cases, where there is a need to neutralize the chemicals before sending for evaporation. A detailed technical / encon / environmental audit for site and suggest a feasible solution to implement the concept of ZERO DISCHARGE. We assure you that this measure shall go a long way for effective pollution control measure while increasing the revenues for the management. Material Balance Sheet The energy and mass balance equations, the numerical simulation results for the production rate, and the experimental laboratory water tests for a thermal desalination unit with a heat recovery system. The system components are a solar collector and a desalination tower, although the system can be operated with other energy sources. The desalination tower is made of six stages and a water circulation system through the stages to avoid salt concentration. The numerical results calculated using ambient data show that the production rate can reach 25 L/m2/d, which is by a factor of five times greater than the rate of a basin-type solar desalination unit. The water (polluted seawater and well water) laboratory tests results show that the desalination process eliminated the Coliform group bacteria and reduced the salt concentration to very low levels.
- 29. The solar desalination unit can reach very good thermal performance, as shown by the numerical simulation, when well built. The results show that it can reach a water production rate of 25 L/m2/d for a value of 4.8k Wh/m2/d of solar radiation. This represents a rate of 5.2 L/kWh m2 and a factor of five to six times greater than the tank-type distiller. The problem of salt concentration has been taken into consideration through the continuous water flow through the unit. The laboratory tests presented in Table 1 for very polluted seawater and for well water show Subscripts c circ e hx in k l leak o out r w — — — — — — — — — — — — Convection Circulation Evaporation Heat exchanger Inlet Conduction Loss Leakage Oil Outlet Radiation Water Sodium chloride < 450 mg/L SAR optimization minimized Calcium, Magnesium Hardness 6-10o D Minimized pH 6.5-8.5 Has a slightly acidic pH after Pass-1, a TDS of 70 to 350 mg/L, 2 to 6 mg/L of Ca+ Mg and Boron concentration between 0.5-1.2 mg/L based on the raw water salinity and temperature. Drinking Water Sodium chloride and Boron can be reduced by adding a second pass RO, with either Brackish water membranes or Seawater membranes. When water passes trough a second pass, residual calcium and magnesium concentration are close to zero. Therefore 2nd-pass Ro permeate should be remineralized to achieve a residual typical hardness of 8oD (100 mg/L CaCO3). This solution matches well drinking water requirements in low sodium, high calcium values. Irrigation water Irrigation water is more complex, it relies on an equilibrium between sodium, calcium and magnesium that ensure good infiltration in the soil. this equilibrium is measured by the Sodium Adsoprtion ratio (SAR) and the Electrical conductivity (EC): Boron should also be removed, as it represents a toxic poison for the plants. In order to keep a minimum EC of 0.3 dS/cm (~200 mg/L TDS), a sufficient calcium and magnesium concentration, the second-pass RO should be avoided or largely by-passed. Therefore the ideal solution is to use a specific Boron removal ion exchange resin and then to remineralize. Process water Process water is a very generic term that includes all type of water that doesn't need to comply with the WHO guidelines for drinking water. Requirements are usually up to the water consuming apparatus manufacturers guidelines, like a heat exchanger, a boiler, dilution water, etc.. In
- 30. heating/cooling industries, process water should usually have a low mineralization to avoid scale deposit in the pipes or chloride corrosion. Details of resources required Energy - Energy is one of the largest cost factors in operating a SOLAR DESALINATION unit. The R-TEN DLX units from R-TEN Systems are some of the most energy efficient desalination systems available. Energy consumption for these units will vary from 3.0 to 4.5 kWh per cubic meter of RO product depending upon the system size. Labor - Even though the R-TEN units are highly automated, labor is still necessary for routine operating and maintenance activities. Highly skilled labor is not necessary since R-TEN Systems can train any operator who meets basic qualifications. In general, the SOLAR DESALINATION lead operator should be well versed in the operation of mechanical and electrical equipment. They should be capable of following instructions to perform simple troubleshooting tasks, routine test procedures, and periodic membrane cleaning activities. Membrane Replacement - Modern RO membrane elements are designed for long life but they do need to be replaced periodically. Replacement interval is highly variable depending upon local operating conditions. Typical membrane life is three to five years although there are documented cases of membranes lasting well over ten years. Consumables - Operation of the SOLAR DESALINATION requires the use of certain consumable items including filter aid injected into the feed stream to improve prefilter performance, scale inhibitor to prevent fouling of the RO membrane, filter cartridges, and membrane cleaning chemicals. Spare Parts - While R-TEN uses high quality components in constructing its R-TEN units, various parts of the SOLAR DESALINATION are apt to wear or fail over time and spare replacement will be necessary. Capital Amortization - The final cost factor is the amortization of the capital investment. R-TEN’s
- 31. SOLAR DESALINATION systems have demonstrated lifetimes in excess of ten years. Our first SOLAR DESALINATION is still operating after sixteen years of service. TYPICAL O&M ACTIVITIES The tables on the following pages list the operation and maintenance activities for some of our most popular size plants. System Monitoring - Any SOLAR DESALINATION system requires the operator to check and record various critical operating parameters on a daily basis. This data is invaluable when it becomes necessary to troubleshoot system performance. The R-TEN DLX units have automatic data logging which minimizes this task. Housekeeping - This covers the day-to-day tasks necessary to keep the system clean and orderly thus prolonging the life of the system and facilitating maintenance activities. Filter Changes - The R-TEN systems have several filtration steps utilizing disposable media (cartridges and bags). These need to be changed periodically. Instrument Calibration - Successful operation requires dependable data. Instruments on the R-TEN systems should be calibrated on a monthly basis. Surface and Tank Cleaning - The surface of the tank used in the R-TEN units will become fouled over time with suspended solids, organic material, and biofilm. The membrane is cleaned periodically with a chemical cleaning process. Actual cleaning interval is a function of the feed water quality. Membrane Replacement - Typical membrane life is three to five years. Component Repair - Man hours should be budgeted for the non-scheduled repair or replacement of worn components. Important milestones STAGE Duration Remarks FEED Study 4‐Weeks Engineering and Design of Plant 8‐Weeks Detailed Engineering and Design of Equipment 12‐Weeks Can be parallel with Plant