MySQL NoSQL APIs

NoSQL APIs
Morgan Tocker 
MySQL Community Manager

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MySQL 5.5
MySQL Enterprise Monitor 2.3 & 3.0
MySQL Enterprise Backup
Security
Scalability
HA
Audit
MySQL 5.6
MySQL Workbench 6.1
MySQL Utilities
MySQL Applier for
Hadoop
MySQL Workbench 5.2 & 6.0
MySQL Enterprise Oracle
Certifications
MySQL@Oracle: 4 Years of MySQL Innovation
MySQL Cluster Manager
Windows installer & Tools
MySQL Cluster 7.2
MySQL Cluster 7.1
MySQL Migration
Wizard
MySQL 5.7
MySQL Cluster 7.4
MySQL Fabric
MySQL Cluster 7.3

Discussion Topics
▪ What is memcached?
▪ History of HandlerSocket
▪ NoSQL Interface in MySQL 5.6
▪ Future in MySQL 5.7

What is memcached?

What do we know about memcached?
▪ Simple in-memory caching system.
▪ APIs available for most programming languages.
▪ Stores data in memory.
▪ Excellent read performance.
▪ Great write performance.
▪ Supports distribution across multiple servers.
▪ No security.
Good Introduction:
https://code.google.com/p/memcached/wiki/NewProgrammingFAQ

Common Configuration
▪ As a look-aside cache: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
▪ Also possible to rebuild cache from cron/inject new cached data.
value = get_from_memcache(key); 
if (value === null) { 
value = get_value_from_database(key); 
set_memcache(key, value) 
}

Scaling
▪ Hashing is performed by the clients.
▪ Mod-based hashing.
▪ Consistent hashing.
▪ No cross talk by memcached servers.

History of HandlerSocket

The beginning
▪ Yoshinori Matsunobu working at DeNA.
▪ Profiled MySQL and discovered a lot of time spent in:
▪ Parsing SQL statements
▪ Opening, locking tables
▪ Making SQL execution plans
▪ Unlocking, closing tables
http://yoshinorimatsunobu.blogspot.ca/2010/10/using-mysql-as-nosql-story-for.html

The Question
▪ Is SQL really good for fast PK lookups?
▪ MySQL could only perform 100,000+ queries per second
▪ Memcached 400,000+ gets per second.
▪ Is it possible to bypass some parts of MySQL and get higher
throughput?

Implementation
Credits: http://yoshinorimatsunobu.blogspot.ca/2010/10/using-mysql-as-nosql-story-for.html

The Result
!
approx qps server CPU util
MySQL via SQL 105,000 %us 60% %sy 28%
memcached 420,000 %us 8% %sy 88%
MySQL via HandlerSocket 750,000 %us 45% %sy 53%

Outcome
▪ Benefits:
▪ No inconsistent data.
▪ Crash-safe storage
▪ SQL can still be used.
▪ All operational benefits of
MySQL (backup, etc.)
!
!
▪ Limitations:
▪ New API
▪ No Security
▪ No Benefit for HDD bound
workloads
▪ In the case of DeNA:
▪ Switched from using memcached as a row cache.
▪ Kept memcached as a page/larger object cache.

NoSQL Interface in MySQL 5.6

MySQL 5.6
▪ Builds on the spirit of HandlerSocket.
▪ New implementation based on the standard memcached protocol.
▪ From a technical detail actually embeds memcached, but your
data remains safe between restarts.
▪ i.e. not just in memory.

Architecture

Implementation Details
▪ Plugin ships included in MySQL packages.
▪ Not enabled by default (security).
▪ Tables have to “opt-in” to be exposed via memcached.

Setup (1/3)
# Add this to my.cnf file:
!
plugin-load = daemon_memcached=libmemcached.so
!
# Load included SQL file to initialize innodb_memcached
# schema with permitted mappings.
!
mysql> source /usr/share/mysql/innodb_memcached_config.sql

Setup (Part 3/3)
# Pretend this is my hypothetical table:
!
mysql> create database myapp;
mysql> create table myapp.user_session_data (id_name
varchar(255), value varchar(255), expiretime int, primary
key (id_name));
!
# Insert your desired mapping into the containers table:
!
mysql> insert into innodb_memcache.containers values
("sessions", "myapp", "user_session_data", "id_name",
"value", 0, 0, "expiretime", "PRIMARY");

Setup - Complete
mysql> select * from containersG
..
*************************** 2. row ***************************
name: sessions
db_schema: myapp
db_table: user_session_data
key_columns: id_name
value_columns: value
flags: 0
cas_column: 0
expire_time_column: expiretime
unique_idx_name_on_key: PRIMARY

Testing
shell> telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
set @@sessions.1|color 0 600 5
black
STORED
set @@sessions.1|size 0 600 5
large
STORED
quit

Testing (cont.)
mysql> select * from user_session_dataG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id_name: 1|color
value: black
expiretime: 1398608066
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id_name: 1|size
value: large
expiretime: 1398608106

Updating Multiple Columns At Once
▪ Requires Serialization using the “|” character:
DROP TABLE myapp.users;
CREATE TABLE myapp.users (
`user_name` varchar(60) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
`first_name` varchar(60),
`last_name` varchar(60),
expire_time_column INT
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
!
!
insert into innodb_memcache.containers
(name,db_schema,db_table,key_columns,value_columns,unique_idx_nam
e_on_key) VALUES (‘users’,'myapp','users','user_name',
'first_name,last_name','PRIMARY');

Benchmarks

Future in MySQL 5.7

What has changed?
▪ Improvements inside of InnoDB to scale better.
▪ Several contentions related to MVCC code reduced.
▪ memcached plugin tuned to keep several reads within a single
internal transaction.

Benchmarks
48 Core Machine / Read Only Memcached
http://dimitrik.free.fr/blog/archives/2013/11/mysql-performance-over-1m-qps-with-innodb-memcached-plugin-in-mysql-57.html

Further Reading
▪ Article by Matt Lord and Andrew Morgan: 
http://www.drdobbs.com/database/nosql-with-mysql/240167115
!
▪ MySQL Manual page: 
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-memcached-
setup.html

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