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Design for Discovery




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Patterns
      Peter Morville & Jeffery Callender




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Architecture
                             Design
                             Technology




Information Architecture: It’s What You Do First.
                                                    6
Polar Bear IA

         in•for•ma•tion ar•chi•tec•ture n.

    •    The structural design of shared
         information environments.

    •    The combination of organization,
         labeling, search, and navigation
         systems in web sites and intranets.

    •    The art and science of shaping
         information products and experiences
         to support usability and findability.

    •    An emerging discipline and
         community of practice focused on
         bringing principles of design and
         architecture to the digital landscape.

                                             7
8
9
Fragmentation
Fragmentation into multiple
sites, domains, and identities is
clearly a major problem. Users
don’t know which site to visit
for which purpose.


Findability
Users can’t find what they need
from the home page, but most
users don’t come through the
front door. They enter via a web
search or a deep link, and are
confused by what they find.
Even worse, most never use the
Library, because its resources
aren’t easily findable.
Web Strategy

                                 Web

1.  One Library                                  Online            Onsite
                                Library




2.  Core Areas                 Congress
                              (about/for)
                                            National
                                            Library
                                                                   Copyright




                           Hierarchy
                           top-down

3.  Network Intelligence                      +        Network
                                                       bottom-up




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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Gallagher, Gary W. (11)                         1969, Book, by Kenneth Richards, illustrated by Tom Dunnington
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                                                                 Library of Congress                                                                                                    myLOC | Marti Janes | Sign Out                                      Similar Item #4                                                                            Show All                                        describes the dedication of the cemetery to the fallen soldiers by ...




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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Top Treasure (First Draft of Gettysburg Address). Seen here is the earliest
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                                                                                                                                About                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Raymond Massey reading Lincoln's Gettysburg Address
                                                                                                                                                                             About the Collection                                                                                                                                                  -   Language                                        1935, Non-Music Recording (Audio), performed by Raymond Massey
                                                                                                                                Title: Meade School, Gettysburg              Introductory Presentation                                                                                                                                                                                                 Linguaphone 76743/744 (78A). 1 sound disc : 78 rpm, mono ;
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                                                                                                                                                                             Guide to People, Organizations,                                                                                                                                                                                           10-inch, standard (shellac).




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                                                                                                                                Medium: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.                       Library              of Congress                                                                                                          -      myLOC | Sign In | Register
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                                                                                                                                Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ggbain-13836 (digital file from original negative)                                              Set #2 (335)                                                                               New York, US (35)                               Please note that the Nicolay and Hay versions of the Gettysburg Address
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                                                                                                                                             Thanks for your comments. We'll incorporate the date and other info. noticed on the neg. next                                                                                                      About the Library                             Programs & Services                             Our Collection                               Browse by Topic
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Search is a Complex, Adaptive System



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  Psychology               Affordances           Technology   Structure    Process
  Behavior                 Language             Algorithms   Metadata     Incentives

                                 Interface

                            Query     Results    Engine       Content


       Users                                                                 Creators




Source: Search Patterns (2010)                                       14
15
Where architects use
forms and spaces to design
environments for inhabitation,
information architects use
nodes and links to create
environments for understanding.
Jorge Arango, Architectures




              16
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“Desire Lines”
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Photo: Berkeley Path Gallery by Kevin Fox
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Experiences Across Channels
The Future of Mobile Search




  Location Aware
Location Aware       Search by Wandering
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                                   The Future of Mobile Search
“Information is blurring the lines between products and
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    32,000 B.C. Visual Thinking


                                                                                 I n t e rt w i n g l e


                 1976 Information Architecture

                                                  1995 User Experience
                    1982 Service Design




                                                               2005 Ubiquitous Computing

                        1986 Interaction Design




   “People keep pretending they can make things deeply
hierarchical, categorizable, and sequential when they can’t.
     Everything is deeply intertwingled.” Ted Nelson
                                              24
World’s Best
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Source: Subject to Change (2008)
                                       25
Ubiquitous Information Architecture: Cross-Channel Strategy
27
Desktop




                       Mobile



Kiosk
                  28
Sensors

•    Location (GPS)
•    Orientation (Compass)
•    Motion (Accelerometer)
•    Orientation/Motion (Gyroscope)
•    Touch (Multi-Touch, Gestural)
•    Light (Ambient)
•    Proximity
•    Device (Bluetooth)
•    Audio (Microphone)
•    Image/Video (Camera)
•    RFID (Soon)
                                      29
30
“After a half-hour, a three-tone alert sounds…If the
bottle still has not been opened, the system makes an
automated reminder phone call to the patient or a
caregiver. The GlowCap system compiles adherence data
which anyone can be authorized to track. That way the
doctor can make sure Gramps stays on his meds.”
                                         31
32
33
34
BrainPort

Camera in glasses
captures video.

Image recreated on
grid of 400 electrodes.

User feels the shape
on the tongue.

Brain learns to see
through the tongue.
   35
Media
                                                         Book
                Channel               Platform           Newspaper
                Web                   Web                Magazine
Product         Social Media          iOS                Video
Packaging       Email                 Android            Audio
Print Catalog   Messaging                                Poster
                                      Mac OS X           Billboard
                Telephone
Call Center     Print
                                      MS Windows
Website
Blog                                               Context
Facebook                                           Home
Twitter                                            Work
                                                   Walking
YouTube         Device                             Driving
Email           Desktop                            Shopping
Direct Mail     Laptop
                               Scale
                                                   Plane
Radio           Mobile                             Party
                               Covert
                Tablet                             Personal
Television      Television
                               Mobile
                                                   Social
                               Personal
                Kiosk                              Location
                               Environmental
                                                   Time
                               Architectural
                                                   Task
                               Urban
                                                 36
37
http://findability.org/archives/000652.php




                                38
Multi-Channel                             Cross-Channel

  SERVICE                                       SERVICE


                                                      +        +


      Adapted from Cross-Platform Service User Experience
             portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1851637       39
Craft beautiful designs that deliver a quality experience
to your users no matter how large (or small) their display.
    1.  Fluid Grids
    2.  Flexible Images
    3.  Media Queries




                                       40
41
Why Separate Mobile & Desktop Web Pages at Bagcheck?
                With a dual template system, we were able to optimize:
                   1.    Source Order
                   2.    Media (Speed, Quality, Interaction)
                   3.    URL Structure                              Navigation
                   4.    Application Design                         at Top




Navigation at
     Bottom




                                                               42
To make the right decisions about composition and
consistency, you need a cross-channel strategy.


                                      43
Email   Web        Store         Catalog   Phone

              Content Creators




                                      44
Over 50% of REI
online business is
picked up in a store.


            45
46
47
Barcode
Identifies a Product (e.g. Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes 14 oz.)




QR Code
Initiates a Response (e.g., URL, Message, Phone, SMS, Email)




                                                               48
Ubiquitous Information Architecture: Cross-Channel Strategy
Price Check
Product Detail
Endless Aisle    50
Continuity




             51
Conflict




           52
Context




          53
Cross-Channel
   We must leave our
               Marathon
comfort zones, cross-train,
    and collaborate.




               Triathlon      54
55
56
Source: delightability.com




                             57
58
59
morville@semanticstudios.com




                    60
morville@semanticstudios.com




                    61
62
63
What architects do for buildings,
information architects do for…
65
66
“There is a problem in discussing systems only
with words. Words and sentences must, by
necessity, come only one a time in linear, logical
order. Systems happen all at once. They are
connected not just in one direction, but in many
directions simultaneously. To discuss them
properly, it is necessary to use a language that
shares some of the same properties as the
phenomena under discussion.”
"In an era of cross-channel
experiences and product-service
systems, it makes less and less
sense to design sitemaps and
wireframes without also..."
“…mapping the customer journey, modeling the system dynamics, and
analyzing impacts upon business processes, incentives, and the org chart."
70
71
morville@semanticstudios.com




Richard Saul Wurman’s Sandcastles (1971). Stolen from The Nature of IA by Dan Klyn (2010).
Peter Morville
morville@semanticstudios.com

Understanding IA (Prezi)
http://is.gd/iaprezi

Blog
http://findability.org/

Twitter
@morville
                           73

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Ubiquitous Information Architecture: Cross-Channel Strategy

  • 1. Peter Morville, IA Summit 2012 1
  • 2. 2
  • 3. 3
  • 4. Design for Discovery Search Patterns Peter Morville & Jeffery Callender 4
  • 5. 5
  • 6. Architecture Design Technology Information Architecture: It’s What You Do First. 6
  • 7. Polar Bear IA in•for•ma•tion ar•chi•tec•ture n. •  The structural design of shared information environments. •  The combination of organization, labeling, search, and navigation systems in web sites and intranets. •  The art and science of shaping information products and experiences to support usability and findability. •  An emerging discipline and community of practice focused on bringing principles of design and architecture to the digital landscape. 7
  • 8. 8
  • 9. 9
  • 10. Fragmentation Fragmentation into multiple sites, domains, and identities is clearly a major problem. Users don’t know which site to visit for which purpose. Findability Users can’t find what they need from the home page, but most users don’t come through the front door. They enter via a web search or a deep link, and are confused by what they find. Even worse, most never use the Library, because its resources aren’t easily findable.
  • 11. Web Strategy Web 1.  One Library Online Onsite Library 2.  Core Areas Congress (about/for) National Library Copyright Hierarchy top-down 3.  Network Intelligence + Network bottom-up 11
  • 12. Wireframes Library of Congress myLOC | Marti Janes | Sign Out Library of Congress myLOC | Sign In | Register Set by Jen Brown Your Search: gettysburg Women's Suffrage Your Search: Women's Suffrage (Set) Comments (7) Refine Your Search Search All Categories GO Available Online (625) ? New Search Within Results Search Tips | Advanced Search Refine Your Search Search This Set GO Available Online (1) ? - Format, Original New Search Within Results Search Tips | Advanced Search Books (2,632) Recommended Search Tips | Advanced | myLOC | Marti Janes | Sign Out - Format, Original Photographs (664) The Gettysburg Address Results page 1 of 3 results Display List | Gallery | Grid | Slide |Congress Library of Map | Timeline Search All Categories GO Multimedia exhibition featuring the key documents linked to Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. Photographs (2) Manuscripts (337) Print | Save | Share | Subscribe | Add to Set | Rights & Access | Ask a Librarian Custom Sort The Abraham Lincoln Papers Books (1) Maps (135) Interfaces Roughly 20,000 documents including an online collection of 61,000 images and 10,000 transcriptions. Newspapers/Magazines (122) - Format, Online Meade School, Gettysburg Show All The Gettysburg Address (Web Guide) Penn[sylvania] on the picket line Online guide to primary documents. Includes selected bibliography and links to external web sites. Images (1) 1917, Photograph (Image) Additional Items/Views A mix of letters, telegrams, and sample advertisements from various - Format, Online Results page 1 of 78,810 results Display List | Gallery | Grid | Slide | Map | Timeline sources sent to the White House regarding the use of President ... Images (545) - Subject Print | Save | Share | Subscribe | Add to Set | Ask a Librarian Sort by Relevance Audio (27) American History (1) Suffrage campaign days in New Jersey View All (3) Video (25) Government, Politics & Law (1) Between 1914-1920, Photograph Show All The Gettysburg Address Social Sciences (1) Three women attaching "Votes for women" poster to telephone pole; •  Portal Collections 2010, Collection beach in background. - Subject Of the five known manuscript copies of the Gettysburg Address, the Library + Source of Congress has two. President Lincoln gave one of these to ... Suffrage for women History, United States (35,724) 1871, Book (Full Text, Image), by John Stuart Mill Lincoln, Abraham (18,545) Gettysburg Address: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual ... + Author / Creator No description available. Bain Collection (41,450) Maps & Geography (2,105) 2009, Collection Civil War Soldiers (785) Show All Gettysburg Address: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Services and Programs, Digital Reference Section, Library of Congress) Related Resources - Source Images for gettysburg •  Search Online Catalog (2,668) Browse neighboring items Abraham Lincoln Papers (1,701) (by call number) Check for online group record Congress/Legislative (6) Show All Similar Items - Author / Creator Story of the Gettysburg address Similar Item #1 Gallagher, Gary W. (11) 1969, Book, by Kenneth Richards, illustrated by Tom Dunnington Similar Item #2 Print | Save | Share | Subscribe | Add to Set | All Sizes | Obtain Copies | Rights & Access | Ask a Librarian Similar Item #3 U.S. Congress (10) Traces the events which led to the Battle of Gettysburg in 1864 and Library of Congress myLOC | Marti Janes | Sign Out Similar Item #4 Show All describes the dedication of the cemetery to the fallen soldiers by ... •  Object Similar Item #5 Access First Draft of Gettysburg Address (Nicolay Copy) Collection Show All (35) - Date Online - Image (2592 x 1936) 1863, Manucript (Image) 1900s (35) Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921-1929Plan Prints and Photographs Division (Available) -- Map & Directions, Floor 1800s (21) Top Treasure (First Draft of Gettysburg Address). Seen here is the earliest Search for This Item at Libraries Near You Statistics known of the five drafts of what may be the most famous ... Add a Tag Show All Collection Details Viewed 2,745 times About Raymond Massey reading Lincoln's Gettysburg Address About the Collection - Language 1935, Non-Music Recording (Audio), performed by Raymond Massey Title: Meade School, Gettysburg Introductory Presentation Linguaphone 76743/744 (78A). 1 sound disc : 78 rpm, mono ; English (35) Guide to People, Organizations, 10-inch, standard (shellac). •  Set Author/Creator: Bain News Service publisher Spanish / Español (21) and Topics Date Created/Published: [between 1900 and 1906] Bibliography Selected Sets The National Library Transcript of the HayDraft - The Gettysburg Address (Library of ... Collection Connections Medium: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller. Library of Congress - myLOC | Sign In | Register Geographic Location Set #1 (95) the United States of America of 2010, Collection Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ggbain-13836 (digital file from original negative) Set #2 (335) New York, US (35) Please note that the Nicolay and Hay versions of the Gettysburg Address Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication. Quick Links Set #3 (82) Washington DC, US (21) differ somewhat from the generally printed Bliss version.) ... Working with the Call Number: LC-B2- 2789-5 [P&P] Collection Show All About the Library Search ShowCategories All All (76) | Add to Set GO Notes: Today in History: November 19 How to View Each Format Calendar of Events Search Tips | Advanced Search Title from data provided by the Bain News Service on the negative. Date from similar Detroit - Library Location 2010, Collection How to Order Copies Hours & Locations Publishing Co. negative: LC-D4-16-16583. the Digital Collection Tags On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a short speech Building Jobs & Fellowships Jefferson or Adams (5,102) Spotlight Visit the Library > •  Page Copyright and Other Restrictions at the close of ceremonies dedicating the battlefield cemetery ... On negative: Meade Sq., Gettysburg. Library Catalogs Library of Congress Geography & Map (109) Library Tours Forms part of: George Grantham Bain Collection (LibraryShop the Library of Congress). Gettysburg Show All Maps, Directions, Floor Plans Gettysburg--A battlefield tour General information about the Bain Collection is available at http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.ggbain Browse by 1913 About the Collection Support the Library Hours 1988, Moving Image or Slide/Transparency (Video), produced by Finley ... Meade Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, Temp. note: Batch three loaded. Subject Index 1921-1929 assembles a Visit the Library Civil War + LC Classification On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a short speech Subjects: document the wide array of Library of Congress source materials from the 1920s that Contact Us at the close of ceremonies dedicating the battlefield cemetery ... Title Index Great Reunion widespread prosperity of the Coolidge years, the nation's transition toGettysburg a mass consumer architecture Ask a Librarian + Rights & Permissions economy, and the role of government in this transition. The collection includes... Read more Format, Original: Programs & Services > battlefield Preservation of Lincoln's Two Drafts - The Gettysburg Address ... Glass negatives Topics General George Gordon Meade View All Formats > Highlights > 2008, Set George Gordon Meade - Set In order to assure the long-term preservation of the two drafts of Lincoln's Your Search: Prosperity and Thrift (Collection) Format, Online: Comments (5)Congress Arts & Culture Audio Celebrate the Joy of Reading Schools Gettysburg Address (137) Gettysburg Address in the Library of Congress collections ... Image (2592 x 1936) Current and historical Business Meade School Books Wise Guide to loc.gov legislative information. Battlefield Photos (120) Caveats Collections: Engineering Pennsylvania Images Webcasts from the Library Refine Your Search Lincoln Manuscripts (95) The Gettysburg campaign; a study in command. Search This Collection Bain Collection, Civil War Soliders GO Geography Detroit Photographic Co. Manuscripts 1968, Book, by Edwin B. Coddington Available Online (125) ? Copyright Show All 26th Pennsylvania Emergency Bookmark This Record: Results New Search Within Search Tips | Advanced Search Government Maps News > xviii, 866 p. illus., facsim., plans, ports. 24 cm. Services and information from Infantry Monument http://loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005013836 the U.S. Copyright Office. Health Newspapers Look Inside: Page: 1, 2, 5, View All - Format, Original Monuments December Film Series - Tag Results page 1 of 455 results Display List | Gallery | Grid | Slide | Map | Timeline History, International Photographs Photographs (194) Paulbattle (137) Awarded McCartney Center for the Book Show machine tags (2) History, United States Poetry The LOC.GOV Wise Guide : Turning Point of the Civil War ... Manuscripts (87) Print | Save | Share | Subscribe | the MARC Record for Access | Ask a Librarian View a Comment Add Add to Set | Rights & this item. Relevance Gershwin Prize address (120) John W. Kluge Center 2007, Collection Journalism Prints/Posters The Gettysburg Address Maps (35) Add a Tag battlefield (95) The battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) is considered the turning point of Law Library Law & Legislation Sheet Music Newspapers/Magazines (22) Show All the Civil War. Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat by the Army of the ... Calvin Coolidge Papers. Advertisement Exploitation Veterans History Project Literature Video/Films Popular > •  Visual Design Books (19) 1923-1928, Set World Digital Library Philosophy Show All A mix of letters, telegrams, and sample advertisements from various SEARCH SHARE VISIT Psychology sources sent to the White House regarding the use of President ... Explore By Related Searches rjones0856 says: Especially For... Religion - Format, Online Science Author 1. Civil War gettysburg address gettysburg pictures gettysburg facts Public battle of gettysburg gettysburg college gettysburg ghosts Images (85) Selling Mrs. ConsumerThis says "Meade School" at lower left. It's the Meade High School in Gettysburg, which opened in 1897. Date 2. Great Depression Librarians Social Science gettysburg civil war gettysburg confederate antietam Audio (27) 1929, Manuscript (Full I don't know ifby Christine Frederick Text, Image), it's still in use. 3. The Constitution Sports & Recreation Location (e.g., California) Selling Mrs. Consumer analyzes the relationship between women and Publishers Video (25) Language 4. Thomas Jefferson the consumer economy. The months ago. ( permalink ) Reply a ... Posted 9 author, Christine Frederick, was Researchers Was this comment helpful? Yes No Report this World Culture Show All Name (e.g., Famous People) 5. Frieze Patterns Teachers 1 2 3 4 5 Next BobMeade says: 6. Barack Obama •  Starting Point Images in Prosperity and Thrift Collections > - Subject 7. Abraham Lincoln Exhibitions > Connect This building is certainly still there, as this Google maps aerial You shows at the intersection of Did view Know? > American Folklife 8. Native Americans Springs Aveneu and Buford Avenue: maps.google.com.au/maps?f=q&source=s_q& hl=en&... Exploring the Early Americas Find us on Subscribe & Comment Download & Play Questions Did you know that the The Civil War 9. Slave Narratives Pilgrims weren't the first to Creating the United States RSS & Email | Blogs Podcasts | Webcasts | iTunes U Ask a Librarian | Contact Us Yes No The Declaration of Independence 10. John Hanson Posted 8 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this reply helpful? celebrate Thanksgiving? Report this Anne (LOC P&P) says: Library of Congress Thanks for your comments. We'll incorporate the date and other info. noticed on the neg. next About the Library Programs & Services Our Collection Browse by Topic time we update. Search Arts & Culture Connect The Library's Mission Copyright History of the Library Congress/Legislative Library Catalogs Business Posted 7 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this reply helpful? us on Yes Find No Subscribe & Comment Report this Download & Play Questions Engineering Fascinating Facts Collections RSS & Email | Blogs Podcasts | Webcasts | iTunes U Ask a Librarian | Contact Us Center for the Book Exhibits Geography Pixel Wrangler says: Hours John W. Kluge Center Government Home | About | FAQ | Site Map | Contact | Press | Accessibility | Legal | USA.gov Maps, Directions, Floor Plans Law Library Browse by Format Health Meade School was named to honor General George Gordon Meade who directed the Union army in one Library Tours Veterans History Project Audio of its greatest battles, defeating Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg. A Service of the Library of Congress History, International World Digital Library Books Calendar of Events History, United States Images The monument at the left of the photograph (above) is the 26th Pennsylvania Emergency Infantry Shop the Library All Programs & Services A-Z Journalism Manuscripts Monument. A monument to General Meade is located at the nearby battlefield: Support the Library Law & Legislation Popular Maps Literature Offices & Divisions Newspapers "Gen. Meade - Gettysburg (LOC)" by William H. Tipton 1. Civil War Philosophy Organization of the Library Photographs 2. Great Depression Religion Press Room Poetry 3. The Constitution Science News & Highlights Prints/Posters 4. Thomas Jefferson Social Science Jobs & Fellowships Sheet Music 12 5. Frieze Patterns Sports & Recreation Video/Films World Culture Posted 7 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this comment helpful? 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  • 13. “Give me a fulcrum and a place to stand, and I will move the world.” —Archimedes Users Portal ry Paths Ab ve co ou Patterns Dis t Brand Incentives Find Search Objects Federated Goal Faceted Gateway Fast Collection Ask Browse Findable Social 13
  • 14. Search is a Complex, Adaptive System Goals Interaction Features Indexing Tools Psychology Affordances Technology Structure Process Behavior Language Algorithms Metadata Incentives Interface Query Results Engine Content Users Creators Source: Search Patterns (2010) 14
  • 15. 15
  • 16. Where architects use forms and spaces to design environments for inhabitation, information architects use nodes and links to create environments for understanding. Jorge Arango, Architectures 16
  • 17. 17
  • 18. “Desire Lines” 18 Photo: Berkeley Path Gallery by Kevin Fox
  • 19. 19
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  • 23. The Future of Mobile Search Location Aware Location Aware Search by Wandering Query by Wandering Multisensory The Future of Mobile Search
  • 24. “Information is blurring the lines between products and services to create multi-channel, cross-platform, trans- media, physico-digital user experiences.” Peter Morville 32,000 B.C. Visual Thinking I n t e rt w i n g l e 1976 Information Architecture 1995 User Experience 1982 Service Design 2005 Ubiquitous Computing 1986 Interaction Design “People keep pretending they can make things deeply hierarchical, categorizable, and sequential when they can’t. Everything is deeply intertwingled.” Ted Nelson 24
  • 25. World’s Best Information Architect Source: Subject to Change (2008) 25
  • 27. 27
  • 28. Desktop Mobile Kiosk 28
  • 29. Sensors •  Location (GPS) •  Orientation (Compass) •  Motion (Accelerometer) •  Orientation/Motion (Gyroscope) •  Touch (Multi-Touch, Gestural) •  Light (Ambient) •  Proximity •  Device (Bluetooth) •  Audio (Microphone) •  Image/Video (Camera) •  RFID (Soon) 29
  • 30. 30
  • 31. “After a half-hour, a three-tone alert sounds…If the bottle still has not been opened, the system makes an automated reminder phone call to the patient or a caregiver. The GlowCap system compiles adherence data which anyone can be authorized to track. That way the doctor can make sure Gramps stays on his meds.” 31
  • 32. 32
  • 33. 33
  • 34. 34
  • 35. BrainPort Camera in glasses captures video. Image recreated on grid of 400 electrodes. User feels the shape on the tongue. Brain learns to see through the tongue. 35
  • 36. Media Book Channel Platform Newspaper Web Web Magazine Product Social Media iOS Video Packaging Email Android Audio Print Catalog Messaging Poster Mac OS X Billboard Telephone Call Center Print MS Windows Website Blog Context Facebook Home Twitter Work Walking YouTube Device Driving Email Desktop Shopping Direct Mail Laptop Scale Plane Radio Mobile Party Covert Tablet Personal Television Television Mobile Social Personal Kiosk Location Environmental Time Architectural Task Urban 36
  • 37. 37
  • 39. Multi-Channel Cross-Channel SERVICE SERVICE + + Adapted from Cross-Platform Service User Experience portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1851637 39
  • 40. Craft beautiful designs that deliver a quality experience to your users no matter how large (or small) their display. 1.  Fluid Grids 2.  Flexible Images 3.  Media Queries 40
  • 41. 41
  • 42. Why Separate Mobile & Desktop Web Pages at Bagcheck? With a dual template system, we were able to optimize: 1.  Source Order 2.  Media (Speed, Quality, Interaction) 3.  URL Structure Navigation 4.  Application Design at Top Navigation at Bottom 42
  • 43. To make the right decisions about composition and consistency, you need a cross-channel strategy. 43
  • 44. Email Web Store Catalog Phone Content Creators 44
  • 45. Over 50% of REI online business is picked up in a store. 45
  • 46. 46
  • 47. 47
  • 48. Barcode Identifies a Product (e.g. Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes 14 oz.) QR Code Initiates a Response (e.g., URL, Message, Phone, SMS, Email) 48
  • 52. Conflict 52
  • 53. Context 53
  • 54. Cross-Channel We must leave our Marathon comfort zones, cross-train, and collaborate. Triathlon 54
  • 55. 55
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  • 63. 63
  • 64. What architects do for buildings, information architects do for…
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  • 67. “There is a problem in discussing systems only with words. Words and sentences must, by necessity, come only one a time in linear, logical order. Systems happen all at once. They are connected not just in one direction, but in many directions simultaneously. To discuss them properly, it is necessary to use a language that shares some of the same properties as the phenomena under discussion.”
  • 68. "In an era of cross-channel experiences and product-service systems, it makes less and less sense to design sitemaps and wireframes without also..."
  • 69. “…mapping the customer journey, modeling the system dynamics, and analyzing impacts upon business processes, incentives, and the org chart."
  • 70. 70
  • 71. 71
  • 72. morville@semanticstudios.com Richard Saul Wurman’s Sandcastles (1971). Stolen from The Nature of IA by Dan Klyn (2010).
  • 73. Peter Morville morville@semanticstudios.com Understanding IA (Prezi) http://is.gd/iaprezi Blog http://findability.org/ Twitter @morville 73