Enriching Scholarship 2009 - Creating Open Educational Resources

Beyond Open Access:
Creating Open Educational
Resources...
This is a talk title from a
previous event. deadline.

/ May 2009
/ Enriching Scholarship
Garin Fons
http://open.umich.edu

Except where otherwise noted, this work is available
under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Copyright © 2009 The Regents of the University of Michigan

or...

how to create really cool and useful
educational material using openly
licensed content

or...

why your students, colleagues, and
people around the world will thank you
and, maybe, tell you that you are cool
for using openly licensed content to
create really cool and useful
educational material
This isn’t just about being
cool or about the
content, it’s really about
the classroom.

the classroom & learning 2.0
open.michigan
challenges
generate OER
who to talk to

a Cartesian view of knowledge and learning
:: John Seely Brown and Richard P. Adler
: “I think therefore I am”
: knowledge as substance & pedagogy as knowledge transfer

Cartesian perspective
assumes that knowledge
is a kind of substance
and that pedagogy thinks
that the best way to
transfer this substance is
from teachers to students.

CC: BY-NC-SA smallestbones (ﬂickr) http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/jenkim/5535084
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/

See: Brown, John Seely and Richard P. Adler, “Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long Tail,
and Learning 2.0” Educause Review, January/February 2008, pages 17 - 32

the social view of learning - learning 2.0
:: John Seely Brown and Richard P. Adler
: “we participate therefore we are”
: understanding is socially constructed

- our understanding of content
is socially constructed
through conversations about
that content and through
grounded interactions around
problems and actions. not
“what” but “how” we learn
(JSB)

CC: BY-NC berbercarpet (flickr) http://www.flickr.com/photos/flickerbulb/1477994596
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

See: Brown, John Seely and Richard P. Adler, “Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long
Tail, and Learning 2.0” Educause Review, January/February 2008, pages 17 - 32

learning 2.0 - characteristics

:: connected
: students, staff, & faculty

:: global audience
: facebook, slideshare, YouTube

:: participatory
: commenting as part of assignments

:: project based learning
: authentic assessments and real clients

:: technology as a mindset, not a skill
: blogs, wikis, multimedia, social networking
: collaborative virtual spaces
: permanent records of work and conversations
more here in Kim Cofino’s presentation - “The 21st Century Classroom”
http://www.slideshare.net/mscofino/the-21st-century-classroom

a summary
Not just “learning about”
but “learning to be”

developing the practices and
norms of a the practitioners
in a ﬁeld to acculturate ones

:: sharing as the norm
self into a culture of practice

:: learning is more about how than what

:: participation and collaboration are key

a proposition

:: learning how to be open is essential to
engaging in social learning and learning 2.0


open.michigan
challenges
generate OER
who to talk to

who am I? and
what do I do?

I help you make
things open so
that they can be
shared, used,
built upon, etc.
So that you
don’t have to
worry about

We help content creators maximize the return on infringing and
those who use
your work know

digital resources by helping make these resources how they can
make use of
your material.

free and open for use and reuse by people worldwide.

who am I? and
what do I do?

I help you make
things open so
that they can be
shared, used,
built upon, etc.
So that you
don’t have to
worry about

We help content creators maximize the return on infringing and
those who use
your work know

digital resources by helping make these resources how they can
make use of
your material.

free and open for use and reuse by people worldwide.

a student driven do-it-yourself and
distributed method of generating OER

a U-M developed software used to
manage the process of generating OER

open.michigan

challenges
generate OER
who to talk to

reducing risk

OER production typically involves three main
policy areas

:: copyright and other intellectual property
:: endorsement of products or people
:: privacy of students or patients

main policy areas

:: copyright : U.S. law grants limited exclusive
rights to authors of creative works

:: endorsement : U-M has a policy restricting
what representatives of our institution may
endorse

:: privacy : the U.S. government tends to
protect patient and student privacy

Artwork

these images used under section 107, U.S. copyright law: fair use

Illustrations: Cartoons

these images used under section 107, U.S. copyright law: fair use

Illustrations: Chemical Representations

Drawings and Diagrams

some of these images used under section 107, U.S. copyright law: fair use

Graphics


Ads, CD/Book/Movie Covers, Screenshots


Photographs


Text: Quotes, Passages, Poems

The Mesh

We have come to the cross-roads
And I must either leave or come with you.
I lingered over the choice
But in the darkness of my doubts
You lifted the lamp of love
And I saw in your face
The road that I should take.

- Kwesi Brew

some of these excerpts used under section 107, U.S. copyright law: fair use

dealing with issues
:: retainment : you may already have or
choose to obtain permission to use content
from a 3rd party (must be openly licensed), or
the content does not have a policy issue

:: replacement : you may want to replace
content that cannot be shared with open
content that can be distributed through
copyright licensing (Creative Commons)

:: removal : you may need to remove content
due to privacy, endorsement or copyright
concerns

open.michigan
challenges

generate OER
who to talk to

The difference between OA and OER.

OA: Open Access
OER: Open Educational Resources

• OA focuses on sharing content, but no
underlying licensing requirement

• OER includes any educational content that
is shared under an open license (nix ND)

• OER and OA are friends

OA // OER - buddies

OA
free, permanent,
full-text, online
access to
scientific and
scholarly works
OER
openly licensed
educational content

The difference between OCW and OER.
OCW: Open CourseWare
OER: Open Educational Resources

• OCW focuses on sharing open content
that is developed specifically to instruct a
course (locally taught)

• OER includes any educational content that
is shared under an open license, whether
or not it is a part of a course

• OCW is a subset of OER

OCW // OER - overlap

OER
OCW, single
images, general
campus lectures,
image collections,
singular learning
modules, paper OCW
or article syllabi, lecture
notes, presentation
slides, assignments,
lecture videos - all
related to a course

OER and eLearning: a relationship.

OER
• may exist in electronic or paper form
• may not contain enough context to be
“instructional”
• are always licensed for reuse, redistribution,
and re-mixing

eLearning resources
• exist only in electronic form
• are generally designed to be instructional
• may not always be licensed for open use

eLearning // OER - intersection

OER

eLearning

intersection represents
open, electronic,
instructional resources

let’s generate OER - goals of today’s workshop

:: ask the question - how can I (and others) use this content?
: while searching for and generating content
: while interacting with colleagues

:: discover where to find openly licensed content
: open content repositories
: your colleagues & students

:: create resources using openly licensed content
: the life cycle of OER generation
: techniques for annotating content

:: learn where you can share your resources
: via open.michigan and beyond

ask the question
:: how can I (and others) use this content?

there is something
different about this
presentation.

Beyond Open Access:
Resources

/ May 2009
Garin Fons


Beyond Open Access:
Resources

/ May 2009
Garin Fons


Open licensing: Creative Commons

http://creativecommons.org/license/

Creative Commons: license conditions

BY :: Attribution

You let others copy, distribute,
display, and perform your copyrighted
work — and derivative works based
upon it — but only if they give credit
the way you request.



SA :: Share Alike

You allow others to distribute
derivative works only under a license
identical to the license that governs
your work.



NC :: Noncommercial

display, and perform your work — and
derivative works based upon it — but
for noncommercial purposes only.



ND :: No derivatives

display, and perform only verbatim
copies of your work, not derivative
works based upon it.


Creative Commons: licenses


Some rights reserved: a spectrum.

Public All Rights
Domain Reserved

least restrictive most restrictive


discover content
:: standard practice

49

discover content
:: standard practice
: search engine results
: personal iPhoto library
: from colleagues
: institutional assets
: journals and textbooks

50

discover content
:: revised practice
: discoverEd http://discovered.creativecommons.org/search/
: Creative Commons http://search.creativecommons.org/
: Flickr http://www.flickr.com/commons/ or advanced search
: Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org
: your own content, licensed
Catalog of Open Content Search: https://open.umich.edu/wiki/Open_Content_Search

51

create resources

:: the life cycle of OER generation

52

The OER life cycle.

Authoring

Clearing

Editing

Publishing

Archiving

The OER life cycle.

Authoring

creating resources
designing learning experiences
granting permission - licensing

The OER life cycle.

Clearing

dealing with policy issues
tracking content use
attaching metadata

The OER life cycle.

Editing

editing and formatting the
resource
converting the resource to
various distribution media

The OER life cycle.

distributing the resource
adding value to the resource
(creative uses of metadata,
search, online communities, etc.)

The OER life cycle.

Publishing

distributing the resource
adding value to the resource
(creative uses of metadata,
search, online communities, etc.)

The OER life cycle.

Archiving

refreshing/retiring resources
preserving past resources
maintaining access to past
resources

U-M OER life cycle. pull from anywhere
put into our soft ware

Authoring

Clearing

Editing

Publishing

Archiving


Authoring various techniques & tools

Clearing

Editing

Publishing

Archiving



Clearing OERca software

Editing

Publishing

Archiving




authoring tools Editing

Publishing

Archiving





Open.Michigan &
Publishing
eduCommons

Archiving





Open.Michigan &
Publishing
eduCommons

DSpace (?) Archiving

post production clearing...

Authoring

Clearing

Editing

With post-production Publishing
clearing, the system
gets clogged up and
becomes less efficient Archiving

Pre-production clearing - stages

Authoring + Clearing

use content created locally (from U-M)
choose 3rd party content from open
sources that give explicit open licenses
(or content that is in the public domain)
document all 3rd party content with
pertinent source information

Pre-production clearing - stages.

Editing

display a clear notice of how others may
use your work (Open.Michigan uses a
CC: BY license)
edit the resource to include 3rd party
licenses and source citations

create resources
:: for third party content include...
: author
: license information
: link to content
: link to license

:: for your own content include...
: title slide with license other info
: links to content
: keywords, learning objectives, sources

https://open.umich.edu/wiki/index.php5?title=Open_Content_How-to 63

create resources

65

Learning about Orchids
Orchis galilaea Phalaenopsis Angraecum viguieri

orchis galilaea CC:BY-SA judy_breck (flickr) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en
phalaenopsis CC:BY audreyjm529 (flickr) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en
Angraecum viguieri GNU free documentation orchi (wikipedia)

Image courtesy of Herbert L. Fred, MD and Hendrik A. van Dijk - <http://cnx.org/content/m14942/latest/>
Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/>

share resources

:: institutional
: open.michigan https://open.umich.edu/
: deep blue http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/
:: web resources
: slideshare http://www.slideshare.net
: scribd http://www.scribd.com/
: flickr http://www.flickr.com

69

open.michigan
challenges
generate OER

who to talk to

who to talk to

:: we can help you make OER
: open.michigan team
- open.michigan@umich.edu

: U-M copyright office
- copyright@umich.edu

: office of general counsel

: talk to librarians

71

who to talk to

:: we can help you make OER
: open.michigan team
- open.michigan@umich.edu

: U-M copyright office
- copyright@umich.edu
We were made
BY Ryan Junell

: office of general counsel

: talk to librarians

71

let’s generate OER - goals of today’s workshop

:: ask the question - how can I (and others) use this content?
: while searching for and generating content
: while interacting with colleagues

:: discover where to find openly licensed content
: open content repositories
: your colleagues & students

:: create resources using openly licensed content
: and other techniques for annotating content

:: learn where you can share your resources
: via open.michigan and beyond

Learning 2.0, the Social View of Learning & OER

Let’s do it right from the start.

CC: BY-SA Phil McElhinney (ﬂickr) http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/philmcelhinney/1000986005
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

Colin Rhinesmith - http://www.flickr.com/photos/colinrhinesmith/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en

https://open.umich.edu/wiki/ -> Presentation, poster, and diagram downloads

Enriching Scholarship 2009 - Creating Open Educational Resources

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