De s form2013_wuxi_steffen.ppt

Luzern
Gebäudetechnik
Dr. Daniel Müller
Leiter Weiterbildung
T direkt +41 41 349 34 93
daniel.mueller@hslu.ch
Oktober 3, 2013
The
interplay
of
design
prac3ce

and
design
research

Dr. Dagmar Steffen
Research Fellow/ Lecturer
T direct +41 41 248 61 74
dagmar.steffen@hslu.ch
DeSForM 2013 - Seminar „Design for Research“
Jiangnan University Wuxi

Folie

2, Oktober 3, 2013
Problem

•  gap
between
“theory“
and
“prac0ce”
in

design

theory
prac3ce

Folie

3, Oktober 3, 2013
Problem

“…
the
design
culture
…
did
not
form
through
an
ongoing

interplay
of
prac0ce
and
detached
reﬂec0on.”

Richard
Buchanan,
1990

“…
a
tense
rela0on
between
theory
and
praxis”:

theory
that
fulﬁlled
its
role
as
delighDul
aEer-‐dinner

conversa0on,
…
with
very
liHle
use
value
or
exchange
value

for
prac00oners.

Gui
Bonsiepe,
1997

Folie 4, Oktober 3, 2013

The
tradi0onal
PhD

Folie

5, Oktober 3, 2013
Doctoral
disserta3on
instruc3ons,

Aalto
University

“In
the
ﬁeld
of
art
and
design,
a
disserta0on
can
also
include

an
art
produc0on,
a
series
of
art
produc0ons
meaningfully

connected
to
each
other,
or
a
product
development
project.

A
wriHen
thesis
forming
a
part
of
the
disserta0on
has
to
be

in
a
dialogic
and
analy0c
rela0on
to
the
art
produc0ons
or

product
development
project
...
“

Folie

6, Oktober 3, 2013
Doctoral
thesis
(Doctor
of
Arts)
at
the
Aalto
University

Ou0
Turpeinen

„A
Meaningful
Museum
Object.
Cri7cal
visuality
in
cultural
history

museum
exhibi7ons“ (2005)

Folie

7, Oktober 3, 2013
Doctoral
thesis
(Doctor
of
Arts)
at
the
Aalto
University

Nithikul
Nimkulrat

„Paperness.
Expressive
Material
in
Tex7le
Art
from
an
Ar7st's

Viewpoint“ (2009)

Problem

“AEer
all,
physicist
researchers
do
physics,
chemist

researchers
do
chemistry
and
so
design
researchers
should

design.”

Owain
Pedgley,
n.d.

“…
under
certain
circumstances,
prac0ce
may
form
a
part
of

a
PhD
study
either
through
being
structured
as
a
method
for

collec0ng
data
systema0cally
or
as
a
means
to
allow

structured
reﬂec0on
upon
prac0ce
.”

David
Durling,
2002

Further
posi0ons

Folie

9, Oktober 3, 2013
Ques3ons

• 

contribu0on
of
the
design
project
…
to
new

iii
knowledge
and
insight
?

• 

role
of
the
objects
or
the
doing
&
making
in

iiischolarly
research
(not
ar0s0c
research)
?

• 

rela0on
between
theory
and
prac0ce
?

Folie 10
„design-oriented ≠ „research-oriented
research“ design“
(Fällman 2004)

“Designing
for
research”
Fällman,
Daniel

In
Romance
with
the
Materials
of
Mobile
lnterac7on

Disserta0on
Umea
University
2004.

Folie

11, Oktober 3, 2013
Hypothesis

• 

design
project
resp.
the
doing
&
making
in

iiidesign-‐oriented
research
has
similari0es
to

iiiexperiments
in
the
exact
sciences
…

“Any
one-‐sided
view
of
experiment

is
certainly
wrong.”

Ian
Hacking

Hacking,
Ian, Represen7ng
and
Intervening.
Introductory

Topics
in
the
Philosophy
of
Natural
Sciences.
Cambridge:

Cambridge
University
Press,
1983.

“Any
one-‐sided
view
of
experiment

is
certainly
wrong.”

-‐ 
hypothesis-‐
and
theory-‐tes0ng

experiments

-‐ 
induc0ve
approaches,
star0ng

with
a
remarkable
observa0on

-‐ ‘happy
mee0ngs’
of
experiment

and
theory

-‐ 

prac0cal
inven0ons,
that

gradually
lead
to
theore0cal

analysis

Ian
Hacking

Folie

14
“SMART
SEMANTICS:

Product
seman7cs
of
smart
clothes”

CC

Products
&
Tex0les,
HSLU

Case
example
1

Steﬀen,
Dagmar;
Adler
Francoise
&
Weber-‐Marin,
Andrea

Designing
Smart
Clothes
for
the
User.
Product
Seman0cs
for
Smart
Clothes,

Swiss
Design
Network
Conference
(SDN)
Mul7ple
Ways,
Lugano,
2009

Adler,
Francoise;
Weber-‐Marin,
Andrea

&
Steﬀen,
Dagmar

Smart
Seman0cs.
Product
Seman0cs
of
Smart
Clothes.

IASDR
Conference
Seoul,
2009.

.

FolieSmart Semantics"
crea3ve-‐ar3s3c

level

func3onal surplus

Lifestyle, Fun
Sports/ Leisure
Lifestyle, Fun
Sports/
Wellness
Business
Healthcare
Fashion, Art
Healthcare
Lifestyle, Fun
Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
Smart
Seman0cs

fashion

Folie

-‐  hypothesis-‐tes0ng
experiment
on
the
seman0c
expression

of
Smart
Clothes

-‐  design
of
products
according
to
the
hypothesis

-‐  focus
group
discussions
on
models
and
sketches

-‐  analysis
of
the
data

-‐  reassessment
of
the
hypothesis
and
conclusions
on
user

preferences

Folie 17
“Absorp7on
of
design
management

capabili7es
in
SMEs
with
liPle
or
no
prior

design
experience”

CC
Design
&
Management

Case
example

2

Acklin,
Claudia,
The
Absorp0on
of
Design
Management
Capabili0es
in
SMEs
with

LiHle
or
No
Prior
Design
Experience.
Making
Design
MaHer.
Nordes
Conference,

Helsinki,
2011

Acklin,
Claudia
&
Steﬀen,
Dagmar,
Designgetriebene
Innova7on.
Konzepte,

Methoden,
Fallbeispiele,
Tools
für
Prak7kerinnen
und
Prak7ker.
Interact,
Lucerne

2012.

Folie

18

Pelle0zing
plant,
Bioburn
AG
Delamina0on
plant,
Studer
Maschinenbau

Sidebord,
Alpnach
Norm
AG
Steam
shower,
Vaporsana
AG

Folie
Framework:

Learning
and
absorp7on
process
of

design
management
capabili7es
in
SMEs

step
1

step
2

step
3

step
4

step
5

Folie

Interplay
of
theory
and
prac3ce

20

D
E
S
I
G
N
P
R
O
J
E
C
T
H
Y
P
O
T
H
E
S
E
S,
T
H
E
O
R
YMäkelä,
Maarit,
Framing
a
prac0ce-‐led
research
project,
in:

The
art
of
research,
Aalto
University
Helsinki
2006.

Folie

Gap
between
theory
and
prac3ce

21

D
E
S
I
G
N
P
R
O
J
E
C
T
H
Y
P
O
T
H
E
S
E
S,
T
H
E
O
R
Y
Exhibition 3
Exhibition 2
Exhibition 1
Chapter 3
Chapter 2
Chapter 1
Research
Question 2
Research
Question 1

Folie

22, Oktober 3, 2013
Hypothesis

• 

design
project
resp.
the
doing
&
making
in

iiidesign-‐oriented
research
has
similari0es
to

iiiexperiments
in
the
exact
sciences
…

…
but
also
profound
diﬀerences

Folie

Claim
of
validity

23
Artefacts:

• 

„by
products“
of
scien0ﬁc
research

iiii
à
object
has
an
instrumental
value

and/
or

• 

„ﬁnal
products“
of
design
work

iiii

iiii
à
object
in
its
own
right

Folie
Theses
•  Prac0ce-‐led
design
research
contributes
to
bridging

the
gap
between

theory
and
prac0ce

•  Design
prac0ce
(i.e.
the
doing
and
making
and
/
or

the
artefact)
can
contribute
to
various
kinds
of
new

(scien0ﬁc)
knowledge
and
insights

•  Including
prac0cal
/
physical
doing
and
making
in

scien0ﬁc
research
is
not
a
new
prac0ce

24, Oktober 3, 2013

Conclusions


References

Mäkelä,
Maarit,
(2006)
Framing
a
prac0ce-‐led
research

project,
in:Mäkelä,
Maarit
&
Routarinne,
Sara,

The
art
of

research,
Aalto
University
Helsinki.

Nithikul
Nimkulrat
(2009)
Paperness.
Expressive
Material
in

Tex7le
Art
from
an
Ar7st's
Viewpoint,
.
Doctoral
Disserta0on

Aalto
University,
Helsinki
.

Pedgley,
Owain
et
al.
(n.d.).The
framing
of
a
prac0ce-‐based

Ph.D.
in
design.
Core
77
Research
Web
Page.

hHp://
www.core77.com/research/thesisresearch.html

Steffen,
Dagmar;
Adler
Francoise
&
Weber-‐Marin,
Andrea

(2009)
Designing
Smart
Clothes
for
the
User.
Product

Seman0cs
for
Smart
Clothes,

Swiss
Design
Network

Conference
(SDN)
Mul7ple
Ways,
Lugano,.

Steffen,
Dagmar
(2012)
Praxisintegrierende
Designforschung

und
Theoriebildung,
Doctoral
Disserta0on
University
of

Wuppertal.

Steffen,
Dagmar
(2013)

Characteris0cs
and
interferences
of

experiments
in
science,
the
arts
and
in
design
research,

Nordes
Conference,
Copenhagen/
Malmö.

Turpeinen,
Ou0
(2005)
A
Meaningful
Museum
Object.
Cri7cal

visuality
in
cultural
history
museum
exhibi7ons.
Doctoral

Disserta0on
Aalto
University,
Helsinki

Turpeinen,
Ou0
(2006).
The
Interplay
of
Art
and
Research.

In:Mäkelä,
Maarit
&
Routarinne,
Sara,

The
art
of
research,

Aalto
University
Helsinki.

Acklin,
Claudia
(2011)
The
absorp0on
of
design
management

capabili0es
in
SMEs
with
liHle
or
No
prior
design
experience.

Making
Design
MaHer.
Nordes
Conference,
Helsinki,
2011.

Acklin,
Claudia
&
Steffen,
Dagmar
(2012)
Designgetriebene

Innova7on.
Konzepte,
Methoden,
Fallbeispiele,
Tools
für

Prak7kerinnen
und
Prak7ker.
Interact,
Lucerne
2012.

Adler,
Francoise;
Weber-‐Marin,
Andrea

&
Steffen,
Dagmar,

Smart
Seman0cs.
Product
Seman0cs
of
Smart
Clothes,
IASDR

Conference
Seoul,
2009.

Bonsiepe,
Gui
(1997).
On
the
tense
rela0on
between
theory

and
praxis.
In:
formdiskurs,
Journal
on
design
and
theory,
No.

2.
(Vol.
1),
p.
6-‐21.

Buchanan,
Richard
(1990).
Myth
and
maturity:
Toward
a
new

order
in
the
decade
of
Design.
In:
Design
Issues,
Nr.
2,
Vol
6,

p.
70-‐80.

Durling,
David
(2002)
Discourse
on
research
and
the
PhD
in

Design.
In:
Quality
Assurance
in
Educa7on,
Vol.
10,
No.
2,
p.

79-‐85.

Fällman,
Daniel

(2004)
In
Romance
with
the
Materials
of

Mobile
lnterac7on,
Disserta0on
Umea
University
2004

Hacking,
Ian,(1983)
Represen7ng
and
Intervening.

Introductory
Topics
in
the
Philosophy
of
Natural
Sciences.

Cambridge:
Cambridge
University
Press.

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