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Research Techniques In The Media Industry
- 1. Research Techniques for the Media Industry
- 2. Reasons for Research 1. Cost of media products
- 3. Reasons for Research 2. Advertising partnerships
- 5. Related to the production of the media product itself.
- 6. Provide content for the product
- 9. Market Research - Audience Segmentation Age Gender Culture and ethnicity Income and Social Class
- 10. Market Research - Income and Social Class Groupings Source:- NRS Website
- 14. Merchandise (T-shirts, fluffy toys, McDonald’s Happy Meals etc.)
- 15. Subscriptions
- 16. Competitions
- 17. User involvement (e.g. American Idol voting system)
- 18. Spin off’s in other media (e.g. licensing)
- 19. Product placement and advertising
- 21. Production Research – The Recce The production researcher for Pearl has to complete a recce for the program. What is a recce? What is it’s purpose? Fully explain with genuine examples the problems that are attempting to be identified by doing a recce? Produce a checklist on word that could be used on a recce. Resources Case Study and ActivityBlog entry on a film recce Health and Safety
- 22. Final Assessment Fully explain purposes of research in the media industries with supporting arguments and elucidated examples expressing ideas fluently and using subject terminology correctly. The report should include:- An introduction that states the aims of the report The role of the researcher. Explanation of main purposes of research – Market and Production A full explanation of the services of research organisations (such as RAJAR, NRS etc. as well as private companies such as Nielsons). Market segmentation and how it is applies to media products. The importance of advertising to media production. Aspects of pre-production research and planning What copyright means and its connection to research for media production. A conclusion that summarises what you have learnt. It is important for all students that in order to get access to higher marks that student devised examples are used to explain the different aspects of the report and justify points made. It is suggested that students use the bullet points above to help structure their report. Use oftechnical language must be consistently and accurately demonstrated throughout.
Notes de l'éditeur
- Recap on what we learnt before
- Media products cost substantial amounts of money – Hollywood film are in the order of 10’s to 100’s of millions of $’s. TV programs can be anywhere from low budget (but still costing 10,000’s of $’s) to million dollar shows. Cost of producing a monthly magazine such as Cosmopolitan will be largeEven a weekly “Celebrity/gossip magazine” has to make moneyTo be successful a media product usually has to make money
- Adverts are a vital source of income to media products – commercial TV and Radio, Magazines. Students ActivityHand out some magazines and get student to count the number of pages of adverts – what proportion of this is advertising?Advertisers expect quality products that reach an intended audienceThey have to know that their money is being well spent. They want to be able to measure the effectiveness of their advertising campaign. Some of the technologies emerging over the Internet allow for a much more interactive relationship to exist between customer and advertiser.Advertisers have lots of choice about where to direct their money and through which media channels radio, tv, the Internet, Film, magazines, newspapers. They can also choose to sponsor programs rather than just create adverts.Advertisers are attracted to media products because of they deliver a ready made audience with a certain demographic. They will need to predict and then confirm that audience size and make-up align with their goals. Media research ties in very nicely to this.Therefore having up to date and accurate research about your audience serves both to ensure that the media product is successful and that the advertising opportunities associated with it are targeted.
- Effective successful media relies on understanding the audience and communicating with them effectively.Trend in the media industry to become more fragmented – why? Brief discussion point. Consider 1950’s and TV, number of channels available in UK in 70’s =3. Compare with now.Therefore knowing your specific audience has become more important – they are less homogenousCLICKBrief discussion of advantages to the Media companySome data is commercially available through agencies like neilsons. Other data maybe freely available.Students then carry out research on the UK NRS, ABC, BARB and RAJAR institutions.Student research these ideas in a Hong Kong contextHW is to prepare a section of a report on these agencies and the services they provide.There are a number of institutions you have been introduced to that undertake market research activity for media products. Explain what services they offer and how they relate to producing successful media products.
- GenderAlso a major categorisation and perhaps in some instances the most obvious divider between groupsOne of the most obvious media that shows this categorisation is the magazine market. Both genders will of course read magazines aimed at the opposite gender (which man hasn’t read cosmopolitain’s 100 ways to drive your man wild in bed top tips or sex surveys). However it is a question of principle audience.AgeOne of the most obvious and significant differentiators between groups of people is their age.What are common age groups in media research?15 and younger16-2425-4445-6465 and olderThese are general – specific projects will be more targeted to one particular segment. E.g children below 15 would need further division if the effects of a product were to be fully understood.What other factors may affect this? e.g. legal for film classificationAlso advertisers will want to know what ages are watching, listening etc so that they can decide whether to place adverts at particular spots in a schedule.Culture and EthnicityToday the media is global – not just the Internet. Consider news such as BBC World or Blooomberg.Newspapers such as the economist and FT, Vogue and ElleImmigration over the years has also created overseas markets e.g. Hong KongIn terms of research different cultures have different values and references. Some things will work in one culture but not others. Numbers – many UK and US hotels do not have room or floor 13’sNippon Air doesn’t have seats numbered 4 or 9Colours – Red lucky in Chinese, Green significant for IslamWomen in bikini’s in adverts in Europe is OK – in Saudi Arabia not so goodLanguage - Fiat Pinto did not sell in Brasil because it means “tiny mail genitals”Income and Social ClassInvolves looking at annual salary, job type and social classDisposable income is the key because that is what the advertiser is competing for. Also it is directly related to the product.
- CIE means Chief Income EarnerStudent taskStudents find a range of adverts from at least 3 different media that are clearly targeted at different groups.GenderAgeCulture and ethnicityIncome and social groupThey produce a presentation of their work and explain how the elements they see are aimed at target market using the 4 categories above.
- Student TaskTo brainstorm the possible costs and income generators for a media product
- Student TaskBrainstorm in pairs what research activities might be necessary for these scenarios.Teacher creates a mind mapHK MagazineSecondary research about the festival form newspapers and other magazinesSecondary research exploring the Arts Festival websiteTrying to arrange interviews with Arts Festival Marketing peopleGetting and seeking permission to use Arts Festival pictures (perhaps from performers’ agents)Background on performances and performers. Permission needed from agents about these.PerhapsTVB Possibilities Try to meet old ladies that recycle and set up interviews.Go to recycling companies both large and small to see what they do and how they do it. Try to get permission to film.Do secondary research government legislation on recycling, background issues and future plans.Try to establish contacts in the government (Environmental Protection Agency) for interview and seek permission to film.Establish contacts in Green groups for background issues and plans for the future. Seek permission to interview a representative.Try to find a building management company that is renowned for recycling efforts and establish contacts. Get permission to recce location. Get permission to film location. Perhaps try to find families that do and don’t recycle. Why are they different? What would make them recycle more? Get permission to film them.Find archive footage that could be useful to the program and get permission to use it.Find appropriate music and investigate copyright costsExplore equipment needed and decide if all necessary equipment is available or need hiring? What are the costs?Are there any special locations that need to be hired in order to make the program?Seek sponsors?