The document summarizes key findings from the 2011 Indian census regarding household and asset holding patterns in Goa:
- Goa has a population of 14.5 million with high rates of urbanization (over 62%) and literacy (87.4%).
- Housing and assets indicators like ownership, quality of housing materials, access to electricity and vehicles are much higher in Goa compared to national averages.
- However, sanitation and drainage facilities remain a concern, with 16% of households lacking toilets and 31% without drainage systems. The data suggests unbalanced growth between rural and urban areas in Goa.
Best Practices for Implementing an External Recruiting Partnership
Manoj kamat
1. Household & Asset Holding
Patterns in Goa:
Evidence using Census Data 2011
Dr. Manoj S Kamat
M . Com ( G o l d M e d al i s t ) , N E T, P G D B A , F D P I I M I n d o re ,
P h D. ( F i n a n ce ) I I T B om b a y , P o s t D o c t o ral Fel l ow ( E con om i c P o l i c y )
2. Background
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring
and recording information about the members of a given
population
Censuses in Egypt are said to have been taken during the
early Pharaonic period in 3340 BC
The oldest recorded census in India: 300 BC during the
reign of the Emperor Chandragupta Maurya under the
leadership of Chanakya
The next known record: Reign of Akbar the enlightened
Mughal Emperor of India
3. Modern Census
The modern Indian census is the largest single source of a
variety of statistical information on different characteristics
of the people of India and has a history of more than 130
years
The responsibility of conducting the decennial Census rests
with the Office of the Registrar General and Census
Commissioner, India under Ministry of Home Affairs,
Government of India.
Modern Indian census: best conducted census in the world
4. Spread
Spread across 35 states and union territories, the Census
covered 640 districts, 5767 talukas, 7742 towns and more
than 6 lac villages.
2.7 million officials visited households in 7,935 towns and
6,40,867 villages, classifying the population according to
gender, religion, education and occupation.
The cost of the exercise was approximately 2,200 crore
(US$438.9 million) – this comes to less than $ 0.5 per
person, well below the estimated world average of
$4.6 per person
7. Goa Population Highlights…
Goa: State Code 30: 3064 enumerators and 509 supervisors
As per the report published post Census 2011, the total population of Goa is
14, 57, 723
It is the 25th ranking state among the other Indian states in regards to the
total population
The population of Goa forms 0.12 percent of India in 2011. In 2001, the figure
was 0.13 percent
Indian population growth rate is 17.64%, and literacy rate is 74.4%
Male to Female Ratio 2011: 968
2001: 961
National: 940
N Goa is 959
S Goa is 980
Liberation time: 1068 females to 1000 males
8. Population Density
Per square km density is 394
National: 382
N Goa is 471
S Goa is 326
Goa forms barely one per cent of the total
landmass of India.
The population density here is higher than
Karnataka and Maharashtra indicating
incrementally rising pressure on available land
resources.
9. Urbanisation
Urban:
Population of 5,000 and above having a population
density of 400 persons per sq km. and having at least
75 per cent of male working population engaged in
non-agricultural activity were considered.
From just 5 recognised census towns in 1961, within
50 years, Goa now boasts 70 census towns
2001 census had found only 45 census towns.
10. Unprecedented Transition
Urban population in Goa is above 62 per cent
Around two-third of house structures in urban areas
Only 13 municipalities and a single corporation
Why are villages transforming willingly into towns?
Does Regional Plan 2021 factors urbanisation and
identify the fundamental limits of land use?
How many people would the town planners cram within
just 70-80 thousand hectares of land available for all
types of development?
11. Literacy Rate
Literacy is 87.4%
Higher than national average of 74%
N Goa is 88.85
S Goa is 85.53
Goa has surpassed the target of literacy rate of 85%
set by the Planning Commission to be achieved by
2011-2012
Literacy is 92.81 percent among males and 81.84
percent in females.
12. 1. HOUSEHOLD BY OWNERSHIP STATUS (K)
2. HOUSEHOLDS BY NUMBER OF DWELLING
ROOMS (L)
3. HOUSEHOLD BY HOUSEHOLD SIZE(M)
4. HOUSEHOLDS BY NUMBER OF MARRIED
COUPLE (N)
5. HOUSEHOLDS AVAILING BANKING
SERVICES (V)
6. HOUSEHOLDS BY POSSESSION OF ASSETS
(W)
13. Census House
Means a structure commercial / residential / social /
religious
May be occupied or vacant
May be a building, part of building or an
independent unit having separate entrance
5,76,582 total census houses, out of which
around 4.5 lakh occupied
14. Census Houses
5,76,582
25% increase in last 10 years
2,04,479 in rural areas and 3,72,103 in urban areas
out of the total 5.76 lac, 1,25,503 are found to be
vacant houses, while 4,51,079 are occupied.
Thus the percentage of occupied houses is 78 per
cent in 2011 compared to 83.1 percent in 2001
15. One in every five house in Goa is vacant
The data further points out that the number of vacant houses is
more in North Goa (72,527) compared to South
Reason for increase in the number of vacant houses could be the
absence of the family members in the houses when the
enumerators visited them, for they may have gone out on a tour
or so, or that the owners are not inhabiting them
The previous government had assured that it would levy hefty
occupancy tax on second flats or homes whose owners who do not live
at the premises. However, the proposal was not implemented.
17. Occupied census houses used as residence: 3,14,414
out of 5.74 lacs
Large no. of occupied residential dwellings in rural
areas (contrary to our common understanding)
Large no. of unoccupied residential houses in urban
areas
Average total residents per residential
dwelling: 4-5
18. The percent of occupied locked census houses in Goa
is 1.8
This figure is highest among all states in
India
The national average is 0.4
19. Condition of Census House
98% of census houses are in Good & Liveable
Very insignificant are dilapidated,
Dilapidated more in rural areas (-2% than 2001)
Dilapidated more in S Goa
5% of rural and 2.5 of urban houses have vulnerable
roofs (average -13% than 2001)
20% of rural and 8 of urban houses have vulnerable
walls (average -11% than 2001)
30% of rural and 8 of urban houses have mud
flooring (average -15% than 2001)
20. 74.3% of households in Goa are made of stones
(Pucca houses) compared to national average of
14.1%
This figure is largest among other states (Kerala: 56.9 &
Lakshadweep (45.5)
43.6% households in Goa have mosaic tiles &/or
better, as house flooring compared to national
average of 10.8%
This figure is largest among other states (Maharashtra:
36.8 & Gujarat (36.2)
22. Around 20% of households have 1/no exclusive
rooms
(-3% compared to 2001)
The incidences of 1/no exclusive rooms are more
in S Goa than in N Goa
Around 2.5% of households have more than 2
married couples (National average is above 4%)
23. Drinking Water
85% of households use tap water for drinking
+16% compared to 2001
Rural :77%, U: 90%
11 % of households use well water for
drinking
-15% compared to 2001
Rural : 15%, Urban : 8%
Well water consumption higher in North Goa
24. Electricity/ Telephone/Vehicle
97 per cent households in the state are using electricity as
main source of lighting
Altogether 1,273 houses in Goa are yet to receive
electricity connections
More incidences of no electricity in S Goa
89 per cent of total houses have either landline
telephone or mobile
Around 81.5 per cent of them have either a 2
wheeler and /or a car (Largest among all the
states) compared to 25.7% national average
27. Sanitation
16 per cent of household have no facility of even
public toilets
Situation worst in rural areas
28. Drainage
Just over 43 per cent of the houses in Goa have
closed drainage
25 per cent have open drainage
31 per cent houses are without any drainage
29. Cooking Medium
Nearly 21 per cent depend on firewood, besides 4 per
cent of them using kerosene for cooking.
The percentage of households using traditional cow
dung cakes for this purpose is only 0.2 per cent.
30. South Goa scores better in terms of use of Telephone,
Tap water, Latrine, bathing and drainage connectivity,
relatively compared with North Goa
31.1% of Goan household have a computer/laptop
(Largest among all the states) compared to 9.5%
national average
Internet connectivity is possessed by around 12.7%
of the total Goan households (Largest among all the
states ) compared to 3.1% national average
31. Financial Inclusiveness
87 % of households avail Banking
Services, compared to national average of
58.7% (next only to A&N Islands & H of
around 89%)
Rural Goa:85 % , Urban Goa:88 %
32. Summary
The indicators for house listing data for Goa looks
very good as compared to rest of the country
Indicators of Asset Holding and Financial
Inclusiveness are best
High Urbanization
Unbalanced Growth
Sanitation, Drainage, Bathrooms, still a concern