2. Types of cells bacteria cells animal cells plant cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles
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9. cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place
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11. Food & water storage plant cells animal cells contractile vacuole central vacuole food vacuoles
12. cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage
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14. lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage
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16. lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2
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18. Mitochondria are in both cells !! animal cells plant cells mitochondria chloroplast
19. central vacuole storage: food, water or waste mitochondria make ATP in cellular respiration chloroplast make ATP & sugars in photosynthesis cell wall support cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals lysosome digestion & clean up cytoplasm
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21. Proteins do all the work! cells DNA proteins one of the major job of cells is to make proteins, because… proteins do all the work! signals structure enzymes receptors
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23. lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2 nucleus protects DNA controls cell chromosomes DNA
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25. lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2 nucleus protects DNA controls cell ribosomes builds proteins
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27. lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2 nucleus protects DNA controls cell ribosomes builds proteins ER helps finish proteins makes membranes
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29. cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2 nucleus protects DNA controls cell ribosomes builds proteins ER helps finish proteins makes membranes Golgi apparatus finishes, packages & ships proteins lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling
30. DNA RNA ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum vesicle Golgi apparatus vesicle protein on its way! protein finished protein Making Proteins TO: nucleus TO: TO: TO:
31. central vacuole storage: food, water or waste mitochondria make ATP in cellular respiration chloroplast make ATP & sugars in photosynthesis cell wall support cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals Golgi apparatus finish & ship proteins nucleus control cell protects DNA endoplasmic reticulum processes proteins makes membranes lysosome digestion & clean up cytoplasm ribosomes make proteins
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34. cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals cytoplasm jelly-like material holding organelles in place mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O 2 nucleus protects DNA controls cell ribosomes builds proteins ER helps finish proteins makes membranes Golgi apparatus finishes, packages & ships proteins lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage centrioles cell division
39. Making proteins proteins transport vesicle Golgi apparatus vesicle smooth ER rough ER nuclear pore nucleus ribosome cell membrane protein secreted cytoplasm
40. Lysosomes white blood cells attack & eat invading germs = digest them in lysosomes
45. Compare the equations Photosynthesis Respiration glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy dioxide C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6CO 2 6H 2 O ATP + + + + water + energy glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide 6CO 2 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 light energy + + +
46. The Great ENERGY Circle of Life sun ATP Photosynthesis Respiration O 2 glucose sugar CO 2 H 2 O + + plants animals & plants
The genes for rRNA have the greatest commonality among all living things. There is very little difference in the DNA sequence of the rRNA genes in a humans vs. a bacteria. Means that this function (building of a ribosome) is so integral to life that every cell does it almost exactly the same way. Change a base and this changes the structure of the RNA whch causes it to not function.
Feedback mechanism There are sensors in the cell that monitor growth. They trigger self-destruct when they sense processes. Brown spots on leaves too. Virus infected plant cell auto-destructs and even cells around it to wall off virus.