Berlow's Model of Communication

1. Communication
PDPR 1st Semester S.Y. 2011-2012
S

2. What is Communication?
” Communication is transfer of information from one person
to another, whether or not it elicits confidence. But the
information transferred must be understandable to the
receiver
– G.G. Brown.

3. What is Communication?
“Communication is the intercourse by words, letters or
messages”
- Fred G. Meyer.

4. What is Communication?
S giving, receiving or exchanging ideas, information,
signals or messages
S Using media to enable individuals or groups to
persuade, to seek information, to give information or
to express emotions.

5. Berlow’s Model of Communication

6. Source
S Communication skills – It is the individual’s skill to
communicate (ability to read, write, speak, listen etc…)
S Attitudes – The attitude towards the audience, subject
and towards oneself for e.g. for the student the attitude is
to learn more and for teachers wants to help teach.
S Knowledge- The knowledge about the subject one is
going to communicate

7. Source
S Social system – The Social system includes the various
aspects in society like values, beliefs, culture, religion
and general understanding of society. It is where the
communication takes place .
S Culture- Culture of the particular society also comes
under social system.

8. Encoder
S The sender of the message (message originates) is
referred as encoder, so the source is encoding the
message here.

9. Message
S Content – The beginning to the end of a message comprises
its content.
S Elements – It includes various things like language, gestures,
body language etc, so these are all the elements of the
particular message. Content is accompanied by some
elements.
S Treatment – It refers to the packing of the message. The way
in which the message is conveyed or the way in which the
message is passed on or deliver it.

10. Message
S Structure- The structure of the message how it is
arranged, the way you structure the message into various
parts.
S Code- The code of the message means how it is sent in
what form it could be e.g. language, body language,
gestures, music and even culture is a code. Through this
you get/give the message or through which the
communication takes place or being reached.

11. Channel
S It is nothing but the five senses through this only we do. The following are the
five senses which we use
S Hearing
S Seeing
S Touching
S Smelling
S Tasting
S Whatever communication we do it is there either of these channels.

12. Channel
S For the modern era Channel is also the medium used to
communicate.
S Examples of this are:
S MEDIA
S TV
S Radio
S Newpaper
S Etc.

13. Decoder
S Who receives the message and decodes it is referred to
as decoder.

14. Reciever
S The receiver needs to have all the things like the source.
S This model believes that for an effective communication
to take place the source and the receiver needs to be in
the same level.

15. Criticisms:
S No feedback / don’t know about the effect
S Does not mention barriers to communication
S No room for noise
S Complex model
S It is a linear model of communication
S Needs people to be on same level for communication to occur but not true in real life
S Main drawback of the model is that the model omits the usage of sixth sense as a
channel which is actually a gift to the human

16. Aristotle's Model of Communication

17. Aristotle's Model of Communication
S Elements of Aristotle's Model of
Communication are:
S Speaker
S Speech
S Occasion
S Audience
S Effect.

18. Interaction theory of Communication
S Circular model of communication

19. Interaction theory of Communication
S In the modern age the importance of this theory is
steadily increasing in the field of management, because
one can receive the reaction on the message sent, and if
it remains any doubt or discrepancy it can be removed.

20. Levels of Communication
S Intrapersonal Communication
S Interpersonal Communication
S Mass Communication

21. Types of Communication
S Written Communication
S Oral Communication

22. Written Communication
 Title (Optional)
 Introduction
 Body
 Summary and/or Ending

23. Application
 Get 1 whole sheet of paper
 Write an essay about your strengths and weaknesses.
 How will you use your strengths in order improve your
weaknesses.
 How will you use your skills in the future field of work you
ought to take.

24. Application
 Must have a creative title
 Minimum of 3 paragraphs

25. Oral Communication
Can be informal or formal
Formal Oral Communication –
Just like written communication it has:
Introduction
Body
Summary and/or Ending

26. Oral Communication
In oral communication there are more things to
consider
What is the main message you want to get across
Who your audience are?

27. Oral Communication
Unlike in written communication the audience sees
you
They can see how you..
Talk
Sit/or stand
React
Partner your words with your hand gestures
ALL THE FACTORS LISTED ABOVE WILL AFFECT THEIR
REACTION TO YOUR MESSAGE.

28. TIPS WHEN MAKING AND DOING A
SPEECH:
Research – You have to know 1.) what you are going to
talk about 2.) who you will talk to
Make an outline of your whole speech
Supply the needed information in your outline then
make a printed copy in bullet form
Practice in front of the mirror
Stand tall. Be Confident.

29. TIPS IN MAKING AND DOING A
SPEECH:
REMEMBER THAT YOUR AUDIENCE DOES NOT
KNOW THE SPEECH YOU WROTE. THEY WILL
NOT NOTICE SIMPLE MISTAKES UNLESS YOU
LET IT SHOW IN YOUR FACE AND GESTURES.

30. APPLICATION
Each will have to pick out a paper in the bowl
This will contain a common and practical topic
Everyone will be given 5 mins. to prepare a 3minute
speech that will be presented in front of the class.