Islam is a monotheistic religion founded by Muhammad in the 7th century AD. It has five main beliefs: one God called Allah, judgment day, acceptance of prophets including Moses and Jesus, Muhammad as the final prophet, and the Quran as the holy book. The religion spread rapidly from the 7th century onward through conquest and trade, reaching as far as Spain, India, and Russia. Islam split into the Sunni and Shia sects in the 7th century due to disputes over religious leadership. Both made major cultural and scientific contributions to fields like architecture, medicine, mathematics, and geography.

1. Islam Unit 8: SOL Objectives WHI.8a-d

6. Muhammad receiving the message from Gabriel

8. Spread of Islam from Mecca to Medina 570 AD to 622 AD

18. Spread of Islamic Civilization

19. Islamic religion spread rapidly over great distances: Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Egypt, Persia, Spain, Asia Minor, Russia, and India

25. Tours is a city located in France.

31. The Split in Islam

34. The 12 Imams, believed to be descendants of Muhammad daughter Fatima and son-in-Law Ali and the infallible true leaders of Islam.

43. The non-shaded region shows the Abbasid Caliphate

47. Dome of the Rock

48. Mosque in Istanbul

50. Islamic Mosaics

53. Abu al-Qasim (Abulcasis), the father of modern surgery , performed surgeries under inhalant anesthesia , and invented the plaster and many surgical instruments

58. Students in the ancient Islamic University