erea

1. 7 ‫بة‬ ‫ث‬
‫کبضڈ‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫اوض‬ ‫موق‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اغ‬
‫کبضڈ‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫ؼبزی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ه‬
‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫اا‬‫اا‬,9091,rebotco ‫ا‬‫اا‬91 ‫ا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫اااا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬,32.on ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫ا‬ ‫اا‬
reprint, ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫اا‬2 ‫ااا‬‫اا‬1912 ‫ا‬‫اا‬2 /, reprint, ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫اا‬21 / ‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬1916 ‫ا‬‫اا‬3 / reprint,
4 ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬1291 ‫ا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬/ 3 ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫ا‬/ reprint, ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫اا‬1 ‫ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ا‬1927 ‫ا‬‫.ا‬
‫بة‬ ‫ث‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫چہ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًُب‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ٹٓبؤ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫بة‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ق‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ْ‫ڑ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫كؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫چہ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًُب‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یہ‬ ‫تٗبي‬ َ‫ا‬
‫مہ‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
‫کبضڈ‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ snoitatum ‫اوض‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
‫قے‬ 273 ‫ٛہ‬ ‫ظف‬ 386 ‫ےک‬ ‫ةاة‬ ‫ےؼـکیا‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫اوٌہؼ‬ ‫ہچةاتک‬ ‫ٌیوؾ‬ ‫ہیوأتٌا‬ ‫ؼٔا‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ snoitatum ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ُب‬ َ‫کٓب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫چہ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًُب‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ٹٓبؤ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 282 ‫قے‬ 972 ‫ٛہ‬ ‫ظف‬
7.1. ‫ےلخاز‬ ‫:لزةت‬ ‫لزةت‬ ‫ضٹغجض‬ ‫ںیم‬ ‫ہظوجم‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫یقضت‬ 1 ‫تاعفز‬ 33
(3 ) ‫ؼٔا‬ 34 ‫ےک‬ ‫ڈٌیل‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یؼٹٌا‬ 2 ‫یؼاکؼـ‬ ‫ےة٘ل‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫لٔوذ‬ ‫اک‬ ٔ‫ا‬ ‫زك‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬
‫ؼ‬
‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 3 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أؼ‬ tnatnet ‫ی‬ ‫ٔن‬ ,‫ُب‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُعاؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تٓب‬ ‫ق‬ ٔ‫ا‬ ‫پی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫چ‬ ‫ظن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
35 ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼگیظ‬ ‫٘ؾاٌتو‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫لٔوذ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫قٔقذ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫اْٹج‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ہوذ‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫یک‬
‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫هک‬ ‫ك‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ب‬ َٔ‫جٓب‬ ً‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يعال‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬
record4. ‫واوت‬ mutations ‫ےک‬ ‫ب,ذ‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؿ‬ ‫دٕی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یت‬ ً‫ق‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫بؼا‬ ‫َبک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫یت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕق‬ ‫ل‬
eerefsnart ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫قے‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫خت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬
‫هع‬ ‫خ‬ ‫اؾ‬ ‫هع‬ ‫خ‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ‫هی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ 43 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 5 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫هٕث‬ ٓ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ا‬
arjahs ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ج‬ ٓ ‫ک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ‫خت‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ؽت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕں‬ ‫ؿن‬ ‫ؾن‬ ٍ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ٓڑ‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬
nasb ‫ںیو‬ ٌ‫ے.یہ‬‫ہ‬ ‫ضالف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٕؼی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ں‬
‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ن‬ ٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫قؽش‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ bsan ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ؽي‬ ‫ت‬ arjahs ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫تعائ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
.‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ْؽی‬ ‫م‬ ‫غی‬ ‫ُعؼخہ‬ ‫ي‬ snoitatum ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫الٚػؼ‬ ‫ث‬ 6 ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ا‬
(Jobseeker's Allowance
.‫ب‬ ‫ٕٓی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ(‫)ںیو‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫یٌاةؾ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یؼیؼذت‬ ِٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫تـأشؼظ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫,یؼأٹپ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ةٌاج‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ںیٔاْة‬
‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ًبؼک‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫َؽٔؼی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬
.‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ٕؼی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ﭼعؼ‬
"‫ةا‬ 1 ‫ٌلکیـ‬ (3 ) 41 ‫ؼٔا‬ 42 ‫ےک‬ ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ٌاتـکاپ‬ ‫ے."و‬ ‫ہ‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ی‬
2 ‫ٌلکیـ‬ 41 (3 )‫ؼٔا‬ 42 ‫ےک‬ ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ٌاتـکاپ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ڈٌیل‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ 1967 ‫لظةت‬ ‫وہاؼف‬ ‫یتؼک‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ہک‬
‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫چ‬ ‫ظن‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًٕل‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽاؼ‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ٹٓب‬ ‫خ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ظٔؼ‬ ‫ہت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫قبٹ‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫کب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبن‬
"‫ةا‬ 3 ‫ٌلکیـ‬ 43 ‫ےک‬ rev ‫یةؼٜو‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ eune ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬
1934 4 ‫لیا‬ ‫لیا‬ ‫یٹ‬ 2
"‫ةا‬ 5 ‫ٌلکیـ‬ 42 ‫ےک‬ rev ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ٌاتـکاپ‬ enue ‫ٌیوؾ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ 1967 ‫.ےہ‬
.1691.6.02 ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اؼ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ , 73 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ 6 ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬

2. (II) ‫ںیو‬ ‫کاشظؼپـ‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ایظ‬ ‫,ایگ‬ ‫گٌڈٌیٹـا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تیاظہ‬ ‫یک‬ factum ‫ںیو‬ ‫اؼیپ‬ 3.81 ‫ےک‬
‫ئی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ظؼضٕا‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یع‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؼ‬
(‫)یئا‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫یئٔک‬ ‫ہوظقو‬ ‫یک‬ ‫لیوکت‬ ‫ںیؼک‬ ‫ےگ‬ ‫ـا‬ ٔ‫تق‬ ‫ؼظچ‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ںیہؼ‬ ‫ےگ‬
‫جم‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ‫ظ‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٕل‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ؾائ‬ ‫قے‬ 51 ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫تبٔی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ي‬
‫بضی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫بت‬‫ٔخٕہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫م‬ ‫قؽک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٕٗؼی‬ ‫ؼ,ي‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ًبؼک‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬
riht ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫َؽٔؼی‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َٕ ‫ہ‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يٕخٕظگ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ () ‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬
‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫بو‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قے‬ noitapuccoerp ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یٕگ‬ ‫ث‬
‫قے‬ ٌ‫ظ‬ 51 snoitatum ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫جٕل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ہب‬ ‫ث‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫یي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بظﮦ‬ ‫ؾی‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ aqlah .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قے‬ ‫هہ‬ ‫ی‬ ً‫ہ‬ deitini .‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫يم‬ ‫ا‬
‫ں‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بف‬ ‫ظؼی‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يٕؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ں‬ ‫يی‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خت‬
.‫ضٕظ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ aqlah ‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
(ٔ‫)ی‬ ‫لکلو‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫یگ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫یلئاہؼ‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫یؼأٹپ‬ (‫)یؼاکؼـ‬ ‫لٔو٘و‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےٌْکیـ‬ ‫ںیو‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫قؽک‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ﭼٕٓٹ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مبل‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ّٕٚ ‫ٔل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼـ‬ ‫ک‬
mutations ‫ےـیا‬ ‫ـیک‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تیکلو‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫لشاظ‬
‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٗبؼ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هى‬ ٚ ‫ی‬ ‫غات‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یبظ‬ ُ ‫ث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ utom ‫كے‬ ‫ٔی‬
‫ظا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يبہ‬ ‫قہ‬ noitamitini ‫بٚعﮦ‬ ‫بل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قے‬ ‫كی‬ ‫بيیک‬ ‫بک‬ َ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ضم‬
.‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫هی‬ ‫بئ‬‫ؼہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پٕت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫مبل‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
ssenrawa ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دی‬ ‫ٔی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫ب‬ ‫ٗؽث‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫اﭼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ َ‫غب‬ ‫اف‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ٔخہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬
(‫ڈؼال‬ ‫)ؼلـٌاچ‬ ‫ںٔہ‬ ‫یگ‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ٌؼف‬ ‫یؼأٹپ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےٌواـ‬ ‫ےٌال‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫لشاظ‬ ‫ٔہ‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫تقیقذ‬ ‫ںیو‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫هے‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ aqlah ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
‫أؼ‬ reilrac ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫ظائ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ظٔؼﮦ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ٕاؼٹ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یڈ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یم‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬
‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ aqlah ‫ی‬ ‫تعائ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يؽخٕٚہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬
mutations ‫لشاظ‬ ‫یک‬ tapedar ‫یؼأٹپ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫ےگ‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یؼشا‬ ‫ہؼٔظ‬
‫ک‬ ‫بت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽاو‬ ‫ؽٔگ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یبؼات‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُعی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًٕث‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬
‫موق‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مول‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫وضٹ‬ ‫ضپ‬ ‫ؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫حوال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 24 ‫حت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫في‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫اے‬ 7 1.7 ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ی‬ ً‫ڈو‬ ً‫ا‬
‫الوہ‬‫ػ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ,‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ؽل‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یي‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یي‬ ‫ئطه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫چ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌط‬ ‫ف‬ ‫و‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ا‬
‫و‬‫ہ‬ ‫مول‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ـرك‬ ‫جی‬ ‫ل‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫وضٹ‬ ‫ضپ‬ ‫ؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫حوال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 1.7 ‫یطا‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫خبی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ل‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ےٌطی‬‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؼ‬
gnitirwni ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫حك‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫طا‬ ‫مطی‬ ‫-ت‬
(‫)کیا‬ ‫ٹٌٹــا‬ ‫ؼٌلوک‬ ‫اک‬ ‫قل٘ت‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلہپ‬ 4 ‫ںٌٔظ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼہ‬
‫أؼ‬ ,‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫یم‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫نؽک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫خت‬ ‫يبﮦ‬
(‫)یة‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ٌیوؼئیچ‬ ٔ‫ـئا‬ ‫ٌیوؼئیچ‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫ٌیٌٔی‬ ‫لـٌٔک‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ہقل٘تو‬ ‫ؼہ‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كم‬ َٕ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تؽ‬ ‫ظف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫نؽک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫خت‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕاؼ‬ ‫ات‬
(2 ) ‫ہجؼظٌو‬ ‫لیغ‬ 3.17.
‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ,‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ئؽي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٔائ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ئؽي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ُٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬
itaiqaw ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ahcmanzor ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ٌ‫خبؼ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٹٓب‬ ‫خ‬ ‫أؼ‬
7.2. ‫غىضفیض‬ ‫ںیم‬ jamabandi (‫اھٹج‬ haqdaran zamin): ‫یضاوٹپ‬ ‫یک‬
‫ٕا‬‫ہ‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خت‬ ٕ ‫أؼک‬ ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫م‬ ‫یؽی‬ ‫ق‬ ,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬
idnabamaj .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ًبؼک‬ ‫ؼی‬ 8 ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ ‫چی‬ َٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مم‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٓؽت‬ ‫ف‬
7 para. ‫یٌ٘ی‬ 7.1 ٌ‫ے‬ ٌ‫ةئا‬ ‫ٌْظٔـ‬ ‫پلـ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ٌ‫ؼةو‬ 5 / 87 mannual, ‫ٌیوؾ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ڈؼاکیؼ‬ ‫ہشؼؤو‬ 12 5 ‫ےـ‬ 1987 ‫.ےہ‬
8 ‫ةا‬ ٌ‫وا‬ ٌ‫ظاہ‬ "‫اْٹج‬ haqdaran zamin" ‫.ےہ‬

3. ‫ؽ‬ ‫أپ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ,‫اخؽاء‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫خت‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ .‫مبظ‬ ٛ َ‫ا‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ي‬
‫أؼ‬ ‫تبؾ‬ ً‫ي‬ ‫ْؽذ‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫عؼ‬ ‫ث‬ draf ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫م‬ ‫یؽی‬ ‫ق‬ .‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ن‬ ٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫قؽش‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ
"‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫عؼ‬ ‫"ث‬ ٕ‫ف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫م‬ ‫یؽی‬ ‫ق‬ snoitatum ‫قے‬ ‫ُب‬ ُٓ ‫ی‬ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬
‫ہب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬fard ‫ؼظة‬ ‫ؾیؼٹٌا‬ ‫٘وج‬ ‫ےٌاؼک‬ ‫ںٔہ‬ ‫.ےگ‬ ‫ـا‬ ِ‫ذؼ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ےل‬ ‫ایاج‬ ‫ایگ‬ ‫ٔت‬ ‫,ؼظة‬ 1 ‫,ؼظة‬ ٜٔ‫ہؼی‬ ٜٔ‫.ہؼی‬
, 73 . 9 ‫اھٹج‬ ‫یقضت‬ dakhil kharij - ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ : ‫تساض‬ ‫ال‬ ‫اة‬ ( 27) 37 ‫یو‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫ٌڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ل‬ ‫وى‬ ً‫ب‬ ‫ل‬
‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ seiretne ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ jirahk lihkad ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼو‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬
: ‫ظی‬ ‫یچے‬ َ-
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬naradqah ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬
zamin ‫ای‬ ‫یؼشا‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ےلشاظ‬ ‫اْٹج‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یم‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ؿ‬ ‫دٕی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫ئے‬ َ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خف‬
dekhil kharij ‫ـج‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ؾیٔجت‬
.‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ْؽؾ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫اپ‬
.‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕں‬ ‫نبيعی‬ ٕ‫ض‬
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
‫ؼطخ‬ ‫یو‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ضی‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبضڈ‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫یي‬ ‫ظه‬ ‫ط‬ ‫پ‬ 31 ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ن‬ ‫بل‬ ‫ک‬ : ‫وٹ‬ ً.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٌبئ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ضو‬
7.4. ‫لضىج‬ ‫یک‬ ‫:تیازہ‬ (‫)ںیم‬ ‫کیا‬ mutations ‫ضٹغجض‬ ‫ضپ‬ ‫لمتؾم‬ ‫ےہ‬ counterfoil
‫تى‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ٛع‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫يؤضؽان‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بپ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫قبث‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ َ‫ڈا‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫أؼ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ idnabamaj ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 01 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یم‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ٌٕ َ‫ب‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ٔؾی‬ ,‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یدے‬ ٓ ‫ث‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٕٗؼ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبيبت‬ ‫از‬
9 ‫ںیو‬ ‫ویوؼت‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تًہ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼو‬ ‫ف‬ .vxxx ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ء‬ 4691 ‫يؤؼضہ‬ 11 ‫قے‬ 5 ,‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اؼ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ,95 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫غی‬ ‫ُعؼخہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫نبيم‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ء‬ 8691 ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يغؽث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ lacidoerp ‫أؼ‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫"ز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هت‬ ْ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ 01 ‫اة‬

4. ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫الٔﮦ‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 11 liofretnuoc 31 ‫قے‬ 1 ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬
dekhil kharij ‫ـیف‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫قل٘تو‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫ںٔولاک‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ـا‬ ِ‫ذؼ‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫ےؼْة‬ 1 ‫ےـ‬ 13 ‫ںیو‬ counterfoil,
‫بل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ‫کٓے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ک‬ َ‫ڈا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بپ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫12ا‬ ‫و‬
14 ‫ےک‬ ‫,کٌاڈ‬ ‫ہوقلا‬ ‫ٹیٹـا‬ ‫قئاقذ‬ ‫یک‬ ٌٔ‫تذا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یلیظةت‬ ‫ےک‬ ٌ‫وا‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ظاؼفا‬
‫ك‬ ‫ًعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ radrabmal ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕؼا‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٘‫ال‬ْ‫ا‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خف‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبؼک‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫گٕٹ‬ َ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ُہی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ‫تی‬ ‫قط‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بہ‬ ‫ت‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ُّ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ًعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫يٛبيه‬ ‫اـ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ﭼعؼ.ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬
(II) ‫ےک‬ ‫ڈلیف‬ kanungo ‫ٔک‬ ‫قیظوت‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یتاغ‬ ‫تاغٜاک‬ ‫یک‬ ‫چٌاج‬ ‫لاتڑپ‬
‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ٛب‬ٓ ‫ل‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ َ‫ڈا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ liofretnuoc ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫خب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ,‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬
.‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫يؤضؽان‬ ‫یچے‬ َ ‫قے‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ص‬ ‫بؼی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬
ٕ َٔ‫ظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫گب.اـ‬ ‫گد‬ ‫خ‬ ‫أؼ‬ liofretnuoc ‫ں‬
(‫)یئا‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ؼـفا‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫ِایتذا‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫ہٌؾأو‬ ‫ےتﮦاﭼ‬ ‫ںیﮦ‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ counterfoil ‫ںیو‬
‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ّ‫ک‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫يؤضؽان‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ,‫ک‬ َ‫ڈا‬ ‫بؼے‬ ‫ث‬ ‫اـ‬
‫ٓے‬ ‫ت‬ ‫جی‬ ‫ه‬ ٓ‫ي‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ noereht ‫کبيبت‬ ‫از‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﭼبظؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
‫ہيٕج‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ,‫ٓی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يم‬ ‫زب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خف‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫جٕت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َٕ‫ہ‬ ‫َؽ‬ ‫زب‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ,‫ٓے‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔظ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ئی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫عہ‬ َ‫هب‬ َ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يٕخٕظ‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ٙ ‫يٕل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ,‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫يم‬ ‫زب‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 31 .‫جؽی‬ ‫نط‬ ٕ‫'ض‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٕا‬‫ہ‬ ‫کٓب‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫خف‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ص‬ ‫بؼی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫گہ‬ ‫خ‬ ‫خف‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ٓے‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يٕخٕظ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫قی‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ق‬
‫ؽگ‬ ‫ے.ث‬‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ی‬ ‫بف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بو‬ َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫م‬ ‫جبئ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫گی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫هی‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫ف‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫نب‬ ‫ب‬ ‫پ‬ taaraz ‫کی‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ahsep taaraz ٍ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬
‫ًہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ان‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫َؽٔؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫قی‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ق‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫بت‬ َ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ ‫عی‬ ‫نبہ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫ی‬ ٚ
‫أؼ‬ ‫يٛؿٔل‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫مبئ‬ ‫ز‬ ,‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ؿﮦ‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫نطى‬ ‫ؽاـ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یبظٔں‬ ُ ‫ث‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 51 ‫ٛہ‬ ‫ظف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫نبﮦ‬ ‫بظ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫تًہ‬ ‫)ت‬ snoitatum ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ idnaballik ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيے‬ ‫ي‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫الٔﮦ‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
‫یں‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ognunak ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بظﮦ‬ ‫ؾی‬ ‫قے‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ (‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫چہ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًُب‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ٹٓبؤ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ث‬
‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ٕں‬‫ٕاہ‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫اليت‬ٚ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫گٕٹ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہبں‬‫خ‬ ‫قٕا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫یںک‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيبت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مبظ‬ ٛ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫قٓے‬ ‫ٔا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ايب‬ ٔ ٍ‫اي‬ .‫ظل‬
‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫قے‬ ّ ‫بت‬‫ہ‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پٕت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ٖبہ‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ snoitatum ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظؼج‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫يدًٕٚی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫الل‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ايعاظ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ ‫ؽی‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ‫ی‬ ٓ ‫ک‬
‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫بيہ‬ َ ‫َی‬ ‫ؼا‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یٕں‬ ُ ‫پ‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یٕں‬ ُ ‫پ‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ٍ‫ئ‬ ًٓ‫ي‬ ‫کبيبت‬ ‫از‬ ‫تًی‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ُب‬ ٓ‫گ‬ َ‫ال‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫خت‬
‫ظؼج‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼٹ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ضبْؽ‬ ٕٔ‫هس‬ ‫ي‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫پ‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽو‬ ‫ف‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ضٕظ‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫غک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽاؼ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یٕں‬ ُ ‫پ‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یٹ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫قؽٹ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫هی‬ ‫قبک‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬
‫قی‬ ‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫هت‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫قًبٚی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫أؼی‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬
‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يٕخٕظگ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫خت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ُے‬ ٓ‫د‬ ‫ث‬ ‫اگ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫تًم‬ ‫يس‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
.‫ٓب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫يٕخٕظ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼٹ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تبش‬ ‫ك‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ٕؼﮦ‬ ‫يػک‬ ,‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼٹ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
(‫لیا‬ ‫لیا‬ ‫یٹ‬ 1941 ‫ہذفو‬ 14 ) ‫ےہ‬ ‫ی٘اوـ‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫تلذ‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼیٜة‬ ‫ہتلغگ‬ ‫ؾٔؼ‬ ‫ہفذت‬
‫ک‬ ‫ؽؾ‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ ‫َؽٔؼی‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َی‬ ‫يؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ٔ-1937 (‫لیا‬ ‫لیا‬ ‫یٹ‬ 1 ).
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ًؽ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يط‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ liofretnuoc ‫ہت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫بت‬‫ہ‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ّ‫ک‬ ‫ن‬ ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ (‫)ٔﮦ‬ ‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬
‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫يدًٕٚی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕں‬ ‫ٚالل‬ ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جٕں‬ ٛ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ًہ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫يٕث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬
jirahk lihkad" ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ٚالل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ْؽذ‬ ‫اـ‬numberhai falan rakba ٘‫یئذلاظة‬ falan ‫ؼٌٔٔو‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫یئٔک‬ ‫تٴاؼق‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫قئاقذ‬
.liofretnuoc ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬
.4691.11.5 ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ,‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اؼ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ,06 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ؽي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ / 11 ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ
‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ,06 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ؽي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ 21 ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .4691.11.5 ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ,‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اؼ‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ْؽذ‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫أؼ‬ tsiurtlucirga" ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽاؼ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫يٕث‬ ‫یى‬ ‫م‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 31 ‫نطى‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬
.‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫چؽ‬ ‫ٹؽک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫فؽاا‬ َ‫ا‬ 22.7 ‫یؽا‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫سؽی‬ ‫ًؽت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يط‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ئی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽظی‬ ‫ک‬ ٙٓ‫م‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫تہ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫قؽ‬

5. ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫قے‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫)خت‬ (‫ں‬ ‫جؽی‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ٕيی‬ ‫ل‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫ْؽذ‬
ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫بت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ک‬َ‫ڈا‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫اـ‬
.‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫قؽؾي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؿ‬ ‫دبٔی‬ ‫ت‬ liofretnuoc ‫ٛع‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
(‫ڈؼال‬ ‫)ؼلـٌاچ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫یئأؼؼاک‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلأذ‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫ووذ‬ ‫یک‬ shamilat
‫زٕال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫چؽ‬ ‫ٹؽک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫فؽاا‬ َ‫ا‬ 91.7 stimrepkrow ,‫نہ‬ ‫جبظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َی‬ ‫اؼا‬ ‫هک‬ ‫ك‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تہ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫قؽ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ے‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُدبة‬ ‫پ‬ ‫گی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؽگ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ ‫ؽی‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خف‬ ‫ئی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫گی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؽگ‬ ‫ث‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ 51 .32.7 ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫چؽ‬ ‫ٹؽک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫فؽاا‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 41 22.7 ‫م‬ ‫غی‬ ‫ُعؼخہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ,‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫اًٚبل‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ف‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ ‫ڈی‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫گب‬ ‫يہؽن‬ ‫ٓبؼی‬ ‫ث‬ () ٕٔ‫ف‬ ‫يس‬ ‫یبؼ‬ ٓ‫ت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ٹًی‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬
‫یت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫یںؾي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕں‬ ‫الل‬ٚ ‫نہؽی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ضبو‬ ,‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫گی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؽگ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
: ‫م‬ ‫غی‬ ‫كت‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؿات‬ ‫تبٔی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ٔ‫ظ‬ ,‫ؽٔضت‬ ‫ف‬ ‫بٚعﮦ‬ ‫بل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ daetdsi ,‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫بف‬ َ-
(‫)کیا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یگیئاظا‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ظیـؼ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تویق‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تیکلو‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ـج‬ ‫ٔک‬ decribed
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہًؽاﮦ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽٔضت‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ؽا‬ ‫مؽی‬ ‫ت‬
(‫)یة‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ہٌاجؼذ‬ ‫ٌہظٌة‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫قل٘تو‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫یٌہغ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ٕں‬ َٔ‫ظ‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ٓؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ,‫ؽٔضت‬ ‫ف‬
prococeedings ‫ٔک‬ zabai bazaria rasid registri shuda" ‫اک‬ ‫ظوقو‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ْتاـ‬
ّ‫چ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہًی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ٛبيه‬‫ي‬ ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ػات‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫پڑے‬ ‫ک‬
‫ﮦ‬‫ؽ‬ ‫ػک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيبت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٕ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ sgnideedorp ‫قٕال‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ٍ ‫ُعہ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫زؽخب‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یع‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬
‫یاـ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ognunak ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ irawetap ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬
"inabaz ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼؤائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫کم‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ث‬ ‫الج‬ٚ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ,‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬
"aduhs irtsiger disar airazab ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ inabaz" ‫أؼ‬
.‫ؽ‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ٹبف‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫گؽ‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫یى‬ ُٗ ‫ؽت‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ٔؼؾی‬ ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬
‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫مبثه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ‫تی‬ ‫قط‬ .
‫ں‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ٕؼی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫بو‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ظاؼ‬ ‫غيہ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫كؽا‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ( 61) ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬
‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ب‬ َٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یًٕں‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫هی‬ ًٚ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ٕخہ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬
‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫جم‬ ‫ل‬ ‫قے‬ ‫یت‬ ‫نًٕن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٍ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ؼہ‬ ‫بظ‬ ‫ی‬
‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ َ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫مبظ‬ ٛ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫قبئ‬ ٕ‫ق‬ "‫ٔﮦ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ہب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬
(1 ) ‫أقا‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ںٔلٔوا‬ ‫یک‬ holdings ‫ؼلتٌو‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫تاوأتٌا‬ ‫ـا‬
,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جے‬ ٛ‫ن‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٛم‬‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ضبن‬ ‫الک‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ؽاؼيعاؼ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ٌ‫ًؤ‬ ‫ي‬
(2 ) ‫یـک‬ ‫ےؼِش‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫تاوأتٌا‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫تیاظہ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یؼٌٔٔو‬ ‫ٔظ‬ ‫یئاہت‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یؼٔپ‬
‫ًہ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫قؽے‬ ٔ‫ظ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الـ‬‫اخ‬ ‫ُؽل‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫جؽا‬ ً‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
.‫يدٕؾﮦ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫قبئ‬ ٕ‫ق‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬
(3 ) ‫ےؼِش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تؾاجا‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫تاوأتٌا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یلاذة‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ںٌٔیوؾ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫قةاِو‬ ‫یـک‬
,htiwereht ‫جٓی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اـ‬
(4 ) ‫ٔک‬ ‫تیاظہ‬ ‫یک‬ ٌ‫اؼیٹة‬ ‫أقا‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫قةاِو‬ ٌ‫یٌو‬ ‫ٌٌٔاق‬ ٌ‫ؼةو‬ 29 ‫ےک‬ ‫واوت‬
‫ی‬ ‫ﭼٕٓؼہ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬ ‫بؼٔث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُبؾٚبت‬ ‫ٕت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُبؾٚبت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫هًٕل‬ ‫)ث‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫قبئ‬ ٕ‫ق‬
‫أؼ‬ ‫ٕاة‬ ‫اث‬ ‫أؼ‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ظاؼ‬ ‫غيہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ٕئ‬‫ہ‬ ‫تے‬ ٓ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ٗؽ‬ َ‫يع‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫زعٔظ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬
‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫ا‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ (‫یى‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َی‬ ‫اؼا‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫نؽے‬ ‫يٛب‬ ‫ٔخٕظ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
14 ‫اؼیپ‬ 7.23 ٌ‫ے‬ ‫ـا‬ ٌ‫ے‬ ‫ں٘لئاف‬ ‫فغذ‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ایظ‬ ‫ایگ‬ ‫.ےہ‬
15 ‫ْکیظ‬ ‫یْة‬ footnote ٌ‫ؼةو‬ 3 ‫ںیو‬ ‫ؿ.و‬ َ‫ؼ‬ 922 ‫سہ‬ ‫ف‬
sgnidloh ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ئی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫م‬ ‫جعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ َ 61 ‫قے‬ ‫بؼ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ْؽی‬ ‫اـ‬
‫أؼ‬ ,‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ 0691 ,‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ sgnidloh ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫غؽة‬‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 0691 ‫ُف‬ ُ ‫اؼڈی‬
ssendiug ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ث‬ ٔ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ٕؼڈ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ٔان‬ ‫ے‬ َٕ ‫ہ‬ ‫خبؼی‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ْؽف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ے.ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ٹبف‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬

6. (5 ) ‫یـک‬ ‫تاة‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫تیاظہ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یؼٌٔٔو‬ ‫اک‬ ‫وأتٌا‬ ‫ٔظ‬ ‫یئاہت‬ ‫ےؼٔپ‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫پؽ‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫گؽ‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫الـ‬‫اخ‬ ‫ُؽل‬ ‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫جؽا‬ ً‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جم‬ ‫م‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫یؽا‬ ٓ ‫ٹ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫قبئ‬ ٕ‫ق‬ ‫یعی‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌٕ َ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬
‫خف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٗبو‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫بؼﮦ‬ ‫ظٔث‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫كبو‬ ‫م‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قطت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫الل‬ٚ
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬
‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مؽؼی‬ ‫ت‬ ,‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ك‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫قت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٗؽ‬ َ ‫یم‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٓؽت‬ ‫اث‬ snoitatum ‫ے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫ًع‬ ‫م‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؤں‬ ‫گ‬
holdings ‫ےک‬ ‫واکذتـا‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫چٌاج‬ ‫لاتڑپ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ؾیؼٹٌا‬ ‫٘وج‬ ‫ےٌاؼک‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼٹکپـٌا‬
‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ noirapmoc ,‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫هٕيبت‬ ٛ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫ايع‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬
enties ‫ےک‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫ؼایت‬ ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫یلکاـ‬ ‫ؼاظلیوذت‬ ‫ای‬ ٌ‫ةئا‬ ‫,ؼاظلیوذت‬ ‫واکذتـا‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قًبٚت‬ ٕ َ‫قؽ‬ ‫اؾ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫معيے‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٙ ‫يٕل‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ٕؼی‬ ‫ف‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٚم‬ ,‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬
ٔ‫ٛب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مبظ‬ ٛ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ث‬ ٔ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ snoitatum ‫يں‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ٕی‬ َ ( 71) ‫جے‬ ٛ‫ن‬ ‫بؼی‬ ‫قؽک‬ ‫یے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ ‫ؽی‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬ ٌ
.‫ے‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫غی‬ ‫ُعؼخہ‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫کب‬ ‫اي‬ ‫اؾ‬ ‫ضبؼج‬ ‫ے‬ َ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ٕؼڈ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫قبئ‬ ٕ‫ق‬ ‫کبو‬ ‫تس‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ُی‬ ‫گ‬
(‫)کیا‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ؼـفا‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫واوت‬ ‫ہقل٘تو‬ ‫ٌاؼت٘ا‬ ‫ےٌٌـ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ؾیٔجت‬
mutations.
(‫)یة‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ؼـفا‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ہلأذ‬ ‫ایظ‬ ‫اج‬ ‫اتکـ‬ proceddings ‫ےک‬ ‫واکذتـا‬ ‫ےک‬ holdings
‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫نؽے‬ ‫يٛب‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫-ف‬
(‫)ںیو‬ ‫ٌاؼت٘ا‬ ‫تـؼظ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ای‬ ٌ‫.ںیہ‬
(II) ‫یتجذ‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ؼةوو‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ای‬ ٜ‫ؼی‬ ‫ؼةوو‬ ‫ےہ‬
(‫)یئا‬ ‫یک‬ ‫لکلیپ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ںٔہٌا‬ ٌ‫ے‬ ‫ٌاؼت٘ا‬ ‫ےک‬ ٘‫ےقال‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫,واکذتـا‬ ‫ؼٔا‬
‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تى‬ ‫يط‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫الل‬ٚ ‫مؽؼﮦ‬ ‫)ي‬ (‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬
ٕ‫ق‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ثؽی‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٕٗؼی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ًٕث‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹیيدٕؾﮦ‬ ‫قبئ‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
(‫)یـ‬ ‫یتجذ‬ ‫ةج‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ٌکؼ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫واکذتـا‬ ‫,یٹئاـٔـ‬ ‫ںٔہٌا‬ ٌ‫ے‬ ‫یٌپا‬
18 ‫ےک‬ ‫تذت‬ ‫ٌوؼظ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ٌیٌأق‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یٌاؼوکذ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ْتاـ‬ ‫٘ئال‬ ‫ةاجٌپ‬ ‫تؤکذ‬
‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫أؼ‬ 7191 ٌٕ‫خ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ٔی‬ 32 ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ,91831 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫تبٔا‬ ‫خ‬
,‫ٓب‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫یبل‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُچ‬ ‫قؽپ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫نؽٔں‬ ‫يٛب‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫بؼگ‬ ‫ک‬ ٌٔ‫ٛب‬‫ي‬ ‫ٹٓب‬ ‫خ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫خب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬
(‫)یڈ‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫اْکؼ‬ ‫اج‬ ‫اتکـ‬ ٘‫جا‬ ‫لؼٌج‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلأذ‬ ‫یک‬ attestion mutations
holdings ‫ےک‬ ‫ےٌةق‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ای‬ ٌ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫ؼٌٔٔو‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ہلظاةت‬
whereof ‫ےک‬ ‫ظ٘ة‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫ایگ‬ ‫ةٔلقو‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ٔظ‬ ‫ںٔلوف‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ہٌةق‬ ‫.ےہ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫تبی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫يم‬ ‫ظؼا‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ك‬ ‫مبئ‬ ‫ز‬ ecnediva ِٕ‫ج‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫ہت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بہ‬ ‫ت‬
‫بت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫بيہ‬ َ ‫َی‬ ‫ؼا‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ ‫ڈی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ٓ‫قًد‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫َر‬ ‫ٔا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬
confiened ‫لظةت‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫ؤل٘و‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫تقیقذ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ای‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫اٌہؼ‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫ہی‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫یک‬
.‫ٓب‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ْؽذ‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫الل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ظؼضٕا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫قٕﭼ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ ‫مؽی‬ ‫ت‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًٚم‬ seiticos ‫هی‬ ٓ ‫ک‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌٔ‫ٛب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٕاٚع‬ ‫كیل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫خب‬ ‫قؽی‬ ٔ‫ظ‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫نؽے‬ ‫يٛب‬ ‫ٓؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ,‫ُچ‬ ‫قؽپ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕاٚع‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽاؼ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ً ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬
‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ٕ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫مت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹ‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ف‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫جؽی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یؽ‬ ً‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خًٕں‬ ‫يؽف‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ ‫ڈی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ َٕ‫ہ‬
footnote ٌ‫ؼةو‬ 17 ‫ےئْکیظ‬ ‫ہذفو‬ 231 ‫ںیو‬ 1 ‫.ےہ‬

7. (18 ) ‫,ےؼـکیا‬ ‫یئٔک‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫ںیہؼ‬ ‫ےگ‬ ‫ہ٘ٔجؼو‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ہظایؾ‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫ہظایؾ‬ ‫ٌیت‬ ‫ہاو‬ ‫ظ٘ة‬
‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ‫تٓب‬ ‫ان‬ ‫كبؤ‬ ُ ٓ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ َٕ َ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫چک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يٕؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ظاض‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 91 ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ .‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫الئ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ٛبي‬‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫الث‬ ‫تٕا‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ک‬ ‫سؽی‬ ‫ت‬
‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫م‬ َ‫ژ‬ ‫ڈٔی‬ ‫قت‬ 02 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ےا‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ٕں‬‫ہ‬ ‫کے‬ ‫ؽﭼ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يم‬ ‫زب‬ ٌ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬
(21 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫اؼڈؼ‬ ‫گ‬ َ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫)يدٕؾﮦ‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫م‬ ‫قؽک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ڈائ‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ب‬‫يبہ‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يبﮦ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ snoitatum ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يؽخٕٚہ‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫کًم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫اٹ‬
‫ؿ‬ ‫دٕی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یبؼ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اض‬ ‫عايبت‬ ‫ال‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫هی‬ ‫قبک‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫بت‬‫ٔخٕہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫م‬ ‫قؽک‬
m ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ث‬utations. 21 ‫یقؼت‬ ٌ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫یولـ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ہؼؼقو‬ ‫تظو‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼظٌا‬ ‫ٌیت‬ ‫ہاو‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٙ‫ه‬ َ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫بو‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ٔاپ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬ ‫بؼٔث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يبہ‬ ‫قہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ٓبی‬ ‫ظک‬
.‫هٕں‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬
‫ﮦ‬ٔ ,‫ہ‬ ‫ظاضه‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ٔؾی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼﮦ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫ڈپ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫خت‬
‫ٕں‬‫ہ‬ ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ snoitatum ‫اـ‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫بت‬ َ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُے‬ ٓ‫ک‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ب‬‫ٓیيبہ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫گ‬
"‫ت‬ ‫بئ‬ َ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يبف‬ snoitatum ‫يؽخٕٚہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ sognunak ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٹ‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫بؼٹ‬ ‫ڈپ‬
mutations ‫اْکظ‬ ‫یٔاتـو‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ٌیت‬ ‫ہاو‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫یئاپْچ‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫.یگ‬ ٔ‫ہ‬ ‫ےک‬
snoitatum ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یؽا‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بت‬‫ٔخٕہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫هعاؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫هعاؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬
‫يٕث‬ ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ب‬ ‫ُعگ‬ ‫بظہ‬ َ ‫أؼ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الٚػؼ‬ ‫ےث‬ َ snoitatum stnelpmoc .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؼ‬
‫ؽاظ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫نؽک‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ٹؽی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫عؼ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبﮦ‬ ‫ﭼبؼ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫هًی‬ ‫ق‬
‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یعگ‬ ‫ُد‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُؽؾ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ُم‬ ‫د‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُؽٔں‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫ڈپ‬
‫قؿا‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ٔخہ‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پبئ‬ ٓ‫ﭼ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ aqlah ‫اـ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬
‫تی‬ َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٚم‬ ‫اـ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ٕٓل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ٕن‬ ‫بت‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یت‬ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫بت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫خہ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٔاپ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫دبؼت‬ ‫ت‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫بٚعﮦ‬ ‫بل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
‫بؼ‬‫یٕہ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٘‫ال‬َ ‫ا‬ ّ‫چ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خف‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫جم‬ ‫ل‬ ‫قے‬ 1.er,‫ٓبپ‬‫ﭼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ت‬ ‫ٚعان‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ظؼضٕا‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ڈال‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ٕ ‫ک‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٌ‫یب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫گ‬ َ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ٕا‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬ ‫بؼٔث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬
‫نم‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫تعائ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يٕخٕظگ‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کًم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
‫بو‬ ‫ؽاک‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قطت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ٔان‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبة‬ ‫اؼت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خؽو‬ ‫اـ‬ .‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫هت‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ظؼضٕا‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫کًؽا‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌٕ َ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ 43 (II) ‫جے‬ ٛ ‫ن‬ ‫بؼی‬ ‫قؽک‬ 22 ,‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ؼٔک‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫أؼ‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٕٚاو‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َؽٔؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫اؾان‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ َ‫غب‬ ‫اف‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ 43 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 32 ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ .‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َؽٔؼ‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽاظ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫کی‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یؽ‬ ‫غ‬
‫ج‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫بہ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫قے‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ‫الک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫هت‬ ٓ‫ي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫ُب‬ ٓ‫ک‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ےًٚم‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬‫ؼہ‬ ‫ا‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫غعاؼی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫أپ‬ ‫یٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ْؽذ‬ ‫اـ‬
(‫)ىویلا‬ ‫يلؽ‬ ‫ضوقت‬ ‫اىضک‬ ‫ےئہاچ‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫مامت‬ ‫ہعظاىتم‬ mutations ‫ےک‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫جیھة‬ ‫ایز‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫.اگ‬
‫ٌدبة‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یي‬ ‫ظه‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 01 ‫في‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؼ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫طل‬ ‫ت‬ 42 ‫حت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبهبت‬ ‫اح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌل‬ ‫بئ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ڈ‬ ‫طی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫وی‬ 1 ‫ٹط‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ا‬
‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫خب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبهبت‬ ‫اح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مسهبت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫جسل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یو‬ ً‫و‬ ‫بضی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ٹط‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
.‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫لساض‬ ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بئ‬ ً ‫اوض‬ ‫ؼس‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫بم‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؼبضا‬ ‫جب‬ ‫مطی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ٹػ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫طی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ڈ‬ ‫طی‬ ‫گ‬
tehsildars. ‫فضق‬ ‫تامزقم‬ ‫ںیم‬ ‫ہضوکشم‬ ‫اضیپ‬ 7.22 (‫)یو‬ (‫)ںیم‬ ‫,ےک‬ ‫ضوا‬ ‫ىا‬ mannual
‫یو‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ .‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ً ‫اهبزہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫طاز‬ ‫اف‬ detupid ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌے‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ضک‬ ‫وظ‬ ‫هطک‬ ‫وخہ‬ ‫ت‬
18 ‫ںیو‬ ‫ویوؼت‬ ‫یک‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ 1691 6 ‫قے‬ 02 ‫ص‬ ‫بؼی‬ ‫ت‬ , ‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اؼ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ , 83 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫قہٕک‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬
." .a.g (ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫)ؼی‬ ‫قی‬ ‫اے‬ ‫"ای‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ 91 ‫اة‬
.""‫ُؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ُٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بيؿظ‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 02 ‫اة‬
‫ی‬ َ‫کًؽا‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫غؽة‬‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 33 ‫أؼ‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ( 01) 24 12 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬
,‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬
1968 ‫ء‬ ‫.ےہ‬‫ء‬ 8691 ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ 4 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫کًؽا‬ ‫"ز‬ 22 ‫اة‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬23 ‫یئٔک‬ "‫ٌلکیـ‬ 42 ‫ےک‬ ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ٌاتـکاپ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ڈٌیل‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ 1970 ‫.ےہ‬ "‫ةـ‬ ‫ٌلکیـ‬ (8 ) ‫ےک‬ ‫ٌلکیـ‬
mutations ‫وہاؼف‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫یـک‬ ‫یْة‬ ‫ہگج‬ ‫یولـ‬ ‫ٹیٹـا‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ـج‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ٙ ‫ٔال‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
outsid ‫لظةت‬ ‫یولـ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ٹیٹـا‬ ‫اک‬ ‫قل٘ت‬ ‫وظ٘لاک‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫.اگ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ 71 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 42 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ " ‫اة‬

8. 2 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ٕٓ‫ک‬ ‫ظی‬ ,,‫ڈ‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ٔی‬ 1 ,‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٹ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یبؼات‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اض‬ ‫ظ‬ ٌ ِ‫5ظ‬ ‫یقؼت‬
36 (2 ) ‫ةاجٌپ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ 26 ‫یقؼت‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫لٔڈیل‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫قةاِو‬ ‫یة‬ ‫ةاجٌپ‬ ‫تؤکذ‬
‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یہ‬ ‫تٗبي‬ َ‫ا‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ,‫ُدبة‬ ‫پ‬ ,(8881 ‫يبؼچ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ٔی‬ 1 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 18 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ
.(II nmulov ‫ُع‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫بں‬‫ٔہ‬
(xii) ‫ؼلٔگیؼ‬ ‫ـٹکیؼپ‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫یئأؼؼاک‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلـلـ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ہی‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫ؼگا‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫وشل‬
‫ُی‬ ‫غہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ,‫ی‬ ‫بؼٹ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫گؽ‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ظاضم‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫خب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫خف‬ ,‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫زك‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ؿاو‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬‫یٕہ‬ ‫ث‬
ٜ‫قؽا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ٕٓڑ‬‫ﭼ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫نطى‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫قے‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ے.ت‬‫ہ‬ ‫ٕؼٹ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قٕل‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫یؽک‬ ‫عث‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫گب‬ ‫ن‬
(1941 ‫لیا‬ ‫لیا‬ ‫یٹ‬ ٌ‫.)گٌلٔپ641ے‬
(xiii ‫لظةت‬ ‫یئأؼؼاک‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٌاؼـفا‬ ‫یک‬ ٌ‫تؼٔؼ‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ںیچٌہپ‬ ‫ےگ‬
‫ُبؾٚہ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ,‫یت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ُ ‫ق‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ .‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اة‬
‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫تًی‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قٕال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ؾي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ُ ‫ق‬
‫ُے‬ ‫ٹ‬ ً َ ‫قے‬ ٌ‫كؽا‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫بٚعﮦ‬ ‫بل‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹم‬ ‫بئ‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫قٕال‬
‫قٕال‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ًه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫تًی‬ ‫ز‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ُٕا‬ ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫غٕؼ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫مبئ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيے‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ُ ‫ق‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خٕاة‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬
‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ُہ‬ ُ ‫م‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہبں‬‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الٔﮦ‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٚعان‬ ‫قٕل‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٌ‫یب‬ ‫ظؼي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ف‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يٛبيالت‬ ٍٛ ‫ث‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫زٕان‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ‫ٚعان‬ ‫قٕل‬ ٔ‫هًؽ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫کؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ setutats ‫يی‬ ًٕ ‫ض‬
.(381 ‫ی‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ 1491) ‫ی‬ ‫ٓبؼٹ‬ ‫ات‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫یبؼ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اض‬ ‫ؽﮦ‬ ‫ظائ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬
(‫)ہالظاة‬ ‫یئٔک‬ ‫ہؼؼقو‬ ‫تظو‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یٍ٘یو‬ ‫ؾي‬ 73 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 72 ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬‫ؼہ‬ ‫خب‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اظ‬
) ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہبؤ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ٔخہ‬ ‫اـ‬ ٍ‫يس‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫کبؼ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ,‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫7391-ؼی‬
.(62 ‫ی‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬
(‫یں‬ ‫)ي‬ ‫یؽا‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُؽل‬ ‫خ‬ ‫هًٕل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الٔﮦ‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ( 82) vx ‫یب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ َٔ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ا‬
(‫)ہالظاة‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تیاظہ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ظ٘ة‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫اگ‬ attestion ‫یںاٌو‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ئ‬
mutations :-
(‫)کیا‬ (1 ) ‫یک‬ ٌ‫تؼٔؼ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ٔج‬ ‫ڈلیف‬ kanungo ‫ےک‬ ‫ےؼٔظ‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫یؼأٹپ‬ halqa
‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جت‬ ‫ك‬ َ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبﮦ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫جہ‬ ‫يؽت‬ ٔ‫ظ‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٙ ‫يٕل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫يٛبئ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قے‬
‫یف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫هك‬ ٛ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ظائ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫بظﮦ‬ ‫ؾی‬ ‫قے‬ ‫يبﮦ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ .‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ؽظی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕی‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫مبث‬ ‫ي‬
(2 ) ‫ؼگا‬ ‫یٌاؼ‬ ٌ‫ہوا‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ؼـفا‬ ‫ےہک‬ ‫ہک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫لظةت‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫ایگ‬ ‫ےہ‬
‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يعت‬ ‫مؽؼﮦ‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫اـ‬ ognunak ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫مبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬
‫ك‬ ‫ًعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫الٔﮦ‬ٚ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هے‬ ‫مبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ضٕظ‬
‫ُب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ک‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ٍ‫ک‬ َ‫.ا‬ognunak leif ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قت‬
(‫)یة‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫تیلوذ‬ ‫لکؼـ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٌاؼـفا‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫قیظوت‬ ‫فؼو‬
siht.irawtap ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یم‬ ‫پ‬ snoitatum ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫ا‬
‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ٌ‫ؽ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ َٕ٘ ٕ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬
‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يؽخٕٚہ‬ ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُب‬ ْ‫بڑ‬ ‫ک‬ ,‫ٹٓب‬ ‫خ‬ snoitatum ‫ٕؼی‬ ‫پ‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫يؽخٕٚہہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬
‫ﮦ‬‫نبؼ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫َر‬ ‫ٔا‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬ .‫ی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٔخہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بيہ‬ َ ‫َی‬ ‫ؼا‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
‫ﮦ‬‫ُع‬ ‫ائ‬ ‫یؽا‬ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيے‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼا‬ ‫پ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫َؽٔؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬
.‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٙ ‫يٕل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ( 2) 44 ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫"اے‬ 52 ‫اة‬
9691 / 8 ,‫هًعؼايع‬ ٚ ‫هع‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ (ٕ ‫)ی‬ ‫ُی‬ ٛ ‫ی‬ 88/96/ 45 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕؼڈ‬ ‫ث‬ eunver 62 ٕ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يغؽث‬
‫جبت‬ ‫مؽی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ؽاہ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ 71 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ ‫خبؼی‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬
‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ؽاہ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫قٕائ‬ ) snoitatum ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هے‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هی‬ ‫قبک‬ . 44) ‫ےـ‬ ‫ٜؼاف‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫كؽا‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫الـ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬
"‫ةا‬ 27 ‫ےک‬ ‫ٌلکیـ‬ 45 ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ٌاتـکاپ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ڈٌیل‬ ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ ‫ٹکیا‬ 1967 ‫.ےہ‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ 6 1691 ‫ہ‬ ‫يدؽی‬ 02 , mrl , 93 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ 82 ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہٕں‬ َ‫ا‬

9. (‫)یـ‬ ‫یک‬ ٘‫وظ‬ ‫یؼٌاذ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ںٔت٘اوج‬ ‫اک‬ ‫قل٘ت‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫یگ‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ہب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬
attestion ‫یؼیشات‬ ‫ںٔةؼذ‬ ‫اک‬ ‫واک‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ٌٔ‫ـٹ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےؼٔظ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلہپ‬ ‫ہٌأؼ‬ ‫ایظؼک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫واوت‬
ٌ‫ظ‬ 7 ‫ى‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اؾ‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قؽٔـ‬ ,ٕ‫ہ‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ً‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ,‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بﮦ‬ ‫اگ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ٌ‫ا‬
‫ٹٕاؼی‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ٛے‬ ‫غؼی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫اف‬ ‫م‬ ‫قؽک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ايع‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫اگ‬
‫ؽا‬ ‫گ‬ ِٕ‫ج‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ؽاہ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ه‬ ٛ‫ت‬ ‫پٕؾلي‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ڈ‬ etrep ‫ك‬ ‫قبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ڈ‬ َ‫ؤ‬
‫ی‬ ‫غات‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہبں‬‫خ‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫جٕت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يبﮦ‬ ٍ‫ی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تبٔی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ي‬
‫ہ‬ َ‫ب‬‫يبہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یم‬ ‫پ‬ ‫هعاؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بئ‬ َ ‫أؼ‬ radishet .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قؽٔـ‬
‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُؽ‬ ‫ه‬ ً ‫ک‬ ‫ٹی‬ ‫ڈپ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ lqavorppa ‫ؽاو‬ ‫ؽٔگ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬
‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عای‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽاو‬ ‫ؽٔگ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ُے‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ؽک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼﮦ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫گٕن‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫خٕئ‬ ‫ے.ﭼبؼﮦ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫الف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٚم‬ ‫قے‬ ‫تی‬ ‫قط‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٚعان‬
‫بڑا‬ ‫ث‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ؽاو‬ ‫ؽٔگ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽا‬ ‫ک‬ ًٙ‫خ‬ ‫نٕاؼے‬ ٕ ‫گ‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ب‬‫يبہ‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬
‫مبيی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽل‬ ‫ت‬ 92 ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽاو‬ ‫ؽٔگ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظٔؼے‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بپ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یدے‬ ٓ ‫ث‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬
councial ‫ٌیٌٔی‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ںؤاگ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫أالیْپ‬ ‫ہؾٔجو‬ ‫ہؼٔظ‬ ‫ایک‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬
30 ‫یقضت‬ 7.5 ‫فشذ‬ ‫ایزضک‬ ‫.ےہ‬
"snoitatum ‫یبں‬ ٍ‫ل‬ ‫غ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽبث‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؼوزھي‬ ‫دبم‬ ً‫ؼطا‬ ‫ذسهبت‬ ‫ہ‬ ً‫بضا‬ ‫وبک‬ ‫ض‬ ‫لطک‬ ‫ک‬ 13 6.7 ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ی‬ ً‫ڈو‬ ً‫ا‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ال‬ ‫غبف‬ ‫دبو‬ َ‫قؽا‬ ‫ضعيبت‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫بؼا‬ ‫َبک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫هؽک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یبں‬ ٓ‫ه‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫كبث‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫يغؽث‬ 661 ‫یے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ (‫یں‬ ‫)ي‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ق‬ ( 1) :‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُٕٗؼ‬ ‫ي‬ 7691 ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬
‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ,‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هٓی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ؽت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ى‬‫ؽاہ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫دبو‬ َ‫قؽا‬ ‫ضعيبت‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫بؼا‬ ‫َبک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫هؽک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫كبث‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٕں‬ ‫نبيعی‬ ٕ‫ض‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ,‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫هٓی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ٕ‫ہ‬‫ﭼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُدٕگ‬ ‫ق‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قے‬ nirieht ‫ی‬ ‫ٕت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یبں‬ ‫بہ‬ ‫ٕت‬ ‫ک‬
ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تؽ‬ ‫ظف‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٔ‫یؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫نبيم‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫)ث‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫كؽ(.اف‬ ‫اف‬
(II) ‫تؾاجا‬ ٌ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫یئٔک‬ ‫یئأؼؼاک‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ؼیؾ‬ ‫ہ٘فظ‬ 163 ‫اک‬ ‫ہؾئاج‬ ‫ےٌیل‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےیل‬ ‫یةؼٜو‬ ‫ےؼاٌک‬
‫ﮦ‬‫ٕؼ‬ ‫يػک‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ًع‬ ‫م‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ٕگ‬‫ہ‬ ‫َؽٔؼی‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کٹ‬ ‫ای‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬
‫كے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خف‬ ,snoitatum ‫جم‬ ‫ل‬ ‫قے‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٍ‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫هی‬ ‫جعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬
‫یم‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫َؽٔؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ظؼ‬ ‫یبں‬ ٓ‫ه‬ ‫غ‬ ‫گی‬ َ‫ؽٔا‬ ‫پ‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ٚ‫خًب‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬
(‫)یئا‬ ٌ‫یؼٔؼ‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫.اگ‬ ‫ہی‬ ‫ٌـ‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ہقل٘تو‬ ‫ٌیقیؼف‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےلـلـ‬ ‫ںیو‬
.ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫كے‬ ‫ای‬
,‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ airotciV ‫يم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫)ي‬ ‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ٌ‫ظٔؼا‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫هٓی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ًہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫گ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ب,ن‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫عؼاج‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ٕئ‬‫ہ‬ ‫تے‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫اؼ‬
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ن‬ ٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫قؽش‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ک‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
(2 ) ‫ىھزوغ‬ ‫ےتہاچ‬ ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ملاک‬ ‫ںیم‬ 8 ‫ےغ‬ 12 ‫ےک‬ ‫:لزةت‬ (‫)ںیم‬ ‫ےتہاچ‬ ‫ںیہ‬
‫ُٕٗؼ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یف‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 21 ‫قے‬ 8 ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ًٕں‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہی‬ َ‫ا‬
‫هٓی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ہبں‬‫خ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ﭼبہ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ٔﮦ‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ٔؼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫ظاظ‬
Victoria ‫ہکات‬ ‫ٌا‬ ‫ٔک‬ ‫ےٌال‬ ‫اک‬ ‫وکذ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ْتاـ‬ ‫اٌلو‬ ‫.ےہ‬
(II) ‫ےک‬ ‫ےئل‬ ‫یـک‬ ‫یلیظةت‬ ‫یک‬ ٌ‫تؼٔؼ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫اک‬ ‫ظوقو‬ ٌ‫ے‬ ‫اہک‬ ‫ےئاج‬ ‫ںاہج‬ ‫کت‬
,‫هی‬ ‫جعی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ َ ‫اـ‬ ٕ ‫ت‬ ,‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫کى‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؿؼ‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫اـ‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ً‫ي‬
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہع‬‫خ‬ ٔ ‫خع‬ ‫هر‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یؽﮦ‬ ‫ٔغ‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ ‫يم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مم‬ َ ‫هے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ٔل‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫كی‬ ‫ک‬
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٛع‬ ‫ٕث‬ ‫ت‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ُعْی‬ ‫ج‬ ً‫ق‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫خف‬ ,‫ٛبظی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ي‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مٕق‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬
29 ‫ٌیٌٔی‬ councial ‫لیلذت‬ ‫ؼک‬ ‫ایظ‬ ‫ایگ‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫ہکٌٔچ‬ ‫ْٔکیظ‬ ‫ةاجٌپ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ظؼپـ‬ ‫ےٌؼک‬ ‫اک‬ ٌٔ‫ٌلیکفیٹ‬ ٌ‫ؼةو‬
bd ‫یقؼت‬ ‫ٔک‬ xxi, 71 ‫ہؤقؼو‬ 23 / ‫ٌٔج‬ 1971 ‫ےک‬ ‫تذت‬ ‫یؼاج‬ ‫یواقو‬ (‫ی‬ ‫الئ‬ ‫)گ‬ snoitatutitsni ‫کٕيت‬ ‫ز‬
062 ‫فسہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 1 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ ‫ٹ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ٓ‫ک‬ ‫ظی‬ 12 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ( ‫ال‬ ‫نم‬ ‫)يبؼ‬ ‫اؼڈؼ‬
30 ‫ےـ‬ ‫فغذ‬ ‫ٌْظٔـ‬ ‫پلـ‬ ‫ںیو‬ 110 ٌ‫ؼةو‬ ‫لیا‬ ‫ؼا‬ ‫,ویا‬ ‫ہشؼؤو‬ 30 -1 ‫ےـ‬ 1970 ‫ظاظ‬ ‫یة‬ ‫ٔا‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫اج‬ ‫یؼ‬ ‫ہظؼک‬ ‫ےیوال٘ا‬ ‫ےک‬ ٌ‫ؼةو‬ 5497
69 / 5916 ‫ےک‬ lr II, ‫ہشؼؤو‬ 19 2 1969 ‫.ےہ‬
‫هپ‬ ‫ق‬ ٍْ‫قٕظ‬ 03 ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ای‬ ,‫ی‬ ‫ائ‬ ‫اؼ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ای‬ ‫جؽ‬ ً َ 13 ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ؽي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫1-ي‬ ‫ےـ‬ 1970 ‫ؼٔا‬ bor ‫ےک‬ ‫ِش‬ ‫ںیو‬ refered ‫ٹف‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫أپ‬ ‫قے‬ 1 ‫جؽ‬ ً َ ‫ٕٹ‬ َ

10. ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تعاؼ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 13 ( 7) ‫ٚبج‬ ‫قت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫تؽ‬ ‫ظف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یپ‬ ٓ ‫ک‬ ‫ست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یح‬ ٓ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٙ‫ه‬ َ
‫ء‬ 8691 ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬
(‫)یئا‬ ٌ‫ے‬ ‫ـا‬ ‫یلیظةت‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫شؼـ‬ ‫یئاٌلٔؼ‬ ‫ؼپ‬ ‫ِشتـظ‬ ‫ںیؼک‬ ‫ےگ‬ ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫ہؤقؼو‬ ‫یک‬
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ا‬
(3 ) ‫یک‬ ‫ىؾکیضک‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫نعة‬ ‫ےتہاچ‬ ‫ںیہ‬ ‫ےک‬ mutations ‫یک‬ ‫تیکلم‬ fard
‫اغ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫و‬‫ہ‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫چط‬ ‫ٹطک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫فطاا‬ ً‫ا‬ 44.7 ‫ف‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ٌی‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ب‬ ‫زی‬ ‫طاض‬ ‫ل‬ ‫بض‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مہ‬ ‫ٌطی‬ ‫ل‬ ‫شی‬ ‫ٌسضخہ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫سض‬ ‫ث‬ draf :‫سض‬ ‫ث‬
‫مس‬ ‫م‬ ‫ہبںه‬‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پوت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫مسهہ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جسل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫س‬ ‫هعی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ع‬ ‫طی‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ؼے‬ ‫ٹطی‬ ً‫ا‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫طزی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫حصف‬ ‫ہ‬ ً‫ال‬ ‫غبف‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هطحوم‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ sgnidloh ‫چھ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ے‬ ً‫و‬‫ہ‬ ‫زاذل‬ ‫جسل‬ ‫ت‬
‫سض‬ ‫ث‬ draf ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؼت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ضی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫وضٹ‬ ‫ضپ‬ ‫ٌی‬ ‫اپ‬ ‫هحه‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ٹواضی‬ ‫پ‬ radepat ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اغ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫مسهبت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ای‬
‫ض‬ ‫اوض‬ ‫جسل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اوض‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ای‬ ‫حصف‬ ‫و‬ ‫ک‬ sgnidloh ‫ؽے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫اوض‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫یوای‬ ً‫و‬ ‫ی‬
nopi ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٌظوض‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫لے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ٌب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫چھ‬ ‫هحه‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫زی‬ ‫کن‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫وضٹ‬ ‫ضپ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ط‬ ‫پ‬ ‫کن‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽط‬ ‫اف‬
.‫ے‬‫ہ‬ sgnidloh ‫اى‬ .‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ؼودھب‬ ‫ؼت‬ ‫ٌب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ؼوال‬ ‫جسل‬ ‫ت‬
‫مسهہ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ط‬ ‫پ‬ ‫یي‬ ً‫وا‬ ‫ل‬
‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ eunegver snoitanretla ‫ًبو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫)ائ‬ ( 2) 6.7 .arap ‫َؽٔؼت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫الؾي‬
‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ن‬ ٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫قؽش‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ے.ي‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ٕيہ‬ ‫يؽل‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬
‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ی‬ ‫ُبئ‬ ‫ن‬ ٔ‫ؼ‬ ‫قؽش‬ delaitini ‫ؽﭼہ‬ ‫اگ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ snoitanretla ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
‫ے‬ َ ‫نطى‬ ٕ‫خ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ (‫ی‬ ‫)ائ‬ ( 2) 6.7 .arap ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٕ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ک‬ ّ‫تط‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬
overwriting ‫ںیو‬ ‫ٹاک‬ ‫.ےہ‬ ‫ةـ‬ ‫ےـ‬ ‫وہا‬ ‫لظةت‬ ‫ؼٹـجؼ‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ولاک‬ ‫ںیو‬ ٌ‫ںیہ‬ ‫یٹاپؼپ‬
para. ‫یک‬ ‫7.6.32و‬ ‫یچٓے‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ .arap 6.7 ‫ُب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ‫خبؾ‬
‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫زعی‬ ‫هٓی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫كبث‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫دبو‬ َ‫قؽا‬ ‫ضعيبت‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫بؼا‬ ‫َبک‬ ‫ؼ‬ ‫هؽک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یعﮦ‬ ‫ق‬ ‫بؼ‬ َ 6.7 ‫يؽف‬ ٕ ‫الگ‬ ‫یؽا‬ ‫پ‬
‫ت‬ ‫اال‬ ‫قی‬ ٕ‫ق‬ ‫خب‬ ٍ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ع‬ ‫خعی‬ ‫ہبں‬‫خ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ٔ ٕ‫ی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کبؼڈ‬ ‫ؼی‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ٔ ٕ‫ی‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫تہ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫قؽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یبں‬ ٓ‫ه‬ ‫غ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
33.retsiger ‫ى‬ ‫اہ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫قت‬ ٕ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ gnitirwrevo ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ى‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬
7.7 ‫ےک‬ ‫ىالاچ‬ ‫ےتہاچ‬ ‫,ںیہ‬ ‫ےتہاچ‬ ‫ںیہ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫زازعت‬ ‫ںیم‬ ‫اھٹج‬ ‫لزةت‬
‫يؽف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫ٕٓال‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ئی‬ َ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫يعت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ظؼظ‬ ‫كم‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬
.‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﭼبظؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼ‬‫ہ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ث‬ ‫أؼ‬ liofretnuoc ‫ٕں‬ َٔ‫ظ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٛبل‬‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ٹؽ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ ‫ی‬ َ‫ؽا‬ ‫پ‬ ‫خت‬
‫ک‬ ‫ُؽٔؼ‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ٌ‫کب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫يؽف‬ .‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ؽی‬ ‫ےپ‬ ‫جبظن‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫اگ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ہ‬ .‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٛبل‬‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬
‫ب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ,‫مبظ‬ ٛ َ‫ا‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ي‬ ‫بظﮦ‬ ‫ؾی‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫معيہ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اـ‬ ,‫ال‬‫ث‬ ‫ي‬ ,‫ں‬ ‫ﮦی‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ﭼاﮦت‬ ‫يٕٓل‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫يٛبيه‬ ‫قت‬ ‫ہؽ‬ ‫قؽف‬
.‫ب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًٛبل‬‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫یے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫قی‬ ‫ا‬ ٍ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ,‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ق‬ ٕ‫ہ‬ ‫ًٛبل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ں‬ ‫ﭼبظؼی‬ ‫ُم‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ڈی‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬
counterfoil ‫ؼٔا‬ ‫.اگجگج‬ ‫ہلوذ‬ ‫ںیو‬ ‫ٔظ‬ ‫کبيبت‬ ‫از‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫خت‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫خعا‬ ‫قے‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ‫ٹؽی‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ؼخ‬ .‫ے‬ ‫خبئ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ہ‬ َ ٌ‫غب‬ ‫اف‬
‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ُب‬ ‫ث‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫ا‬ ٕ‫خ‬ ,‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫قے‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫خب‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اضؽ‬
.‫ڈٔؼ‬ ‫نہؿٔؼ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫يم‬ ّ ‫قبت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫بؼو‬ ‫ف‬ ,‫يال‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ؼل‬ ognunak ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫تؽ‬ ‫ظف‬
7.8 ‫یک‬ ‫یلقتىم‬ ‫ےک‬ ‫ےقذ‬ ‫ںیم‬ ‫:ڈلیف‬ ‫ضگا‬ ‫ہقذ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ققذ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫کیا‬ ‫ڈلیف‬ ‫ےى‬
‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫یب‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ؽظی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مم‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫جعلي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫عاؾی‬ َ‫ا‬ ‫ؽٚہ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫ُے‬ ٓ ‫ؼک‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫أؼ‬
‫ٛعاظ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًہ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ک‬ ‫قت‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ْٕؼ‬ ‫ٕؼے‬ ‫پ‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫هے‬ ‫م‬ َ liofretnuoc ‫ﭼعؼ‬
‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ًعی‬ ‫ت‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ognunak ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫یى‬ ‫ك‬ ‫م‬ ‫ت‬ 43yrassecen ‫ی‬ ‫بؼؼٔائ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٕئ‬ ‫ک‬ .‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ے‬‫ؼہ‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫مم‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ي‬
‫ب‬ َ‫پب‬ ْ‫ظ‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ٙ ‫يٕل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫هہ‬ ‫م‬ َ ‫ٛع‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تسب‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غات‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يعال‬
‫ُے‬ ٓ ‫ؼک‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫ضٕظ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ٔاپ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫تٕں‬ ‫ی‬ ً ‫نط‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ئے‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ُے‬ ٓ‫ک‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ٔﮦ‬ .‫ے‬‫ہ‬ ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬
‫ع‬ ‫يؿی‬ rawthsik ‫ب‬ ‫ٓبی‬ ‫ظک‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ arjahs ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫هڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫بپ‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كہ‬ ُ ‫د‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ﭼعؼ‬
‫ں‬ ‫ﭼبظؼی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫كت‬ ‫خ‬ ‫جعل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ؽہ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫هٕں‬ ‫م‬ َ ٌ‫ا‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ًٛبل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أؼ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫ﭼ‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫یبؼی‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ک‬ ‫اـ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫الت‬‫ی‬ ً ‫ف‬ ‫ت‬
.‫ٓب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫چہ‬ ‫تبث‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ًُب‬ ‫ؼہ‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ 4 ‫بة‬ ‫ث‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫خبت‬ ‫ظی‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ے‬ َ‫ؿؼ‬ ‫گ‬ ‫ُب‬ ‫بن‬ ‫ٹ‬ ٕ ‫ک‬ ‫كؽ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫بيہ‬ َ ‫َی‬ ‫ؼا‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬
1998 nlr ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ 32 82 (‫)یة‬
33 nlr 998 ‫ٔیٌٔیؼ‬ 82 (1 ) ‫یة‬
.‫ے‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ء‬ 8691 ,‫ك‬ ‫يٓبث‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ے‬ ‫ک‬ ٌ‫تب‬ ‫ك‬ ‫بک‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫غؽث‬‫ي‬ ٕ‫ی‬ َٕ ‫ؼی‬ ‫ُڈ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ن‬ ‫یں‬ ‫ي‬ 76 ‫أؼ‬ 66 43 ‫ٓی‬ ‫ث‬ ٍ‫ی‬ َ‫ٕا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ہ‬ ‫ی‬