ichard Kingston's presentation in Mapping for Sustainable Communities, UCL, 17th June '08

1. Mapping for Sustainable Communities – A seminar for communities, practitioners and academics Dr Muki Haklay Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, UCL [email_address]

4. Outline of the day Lunch Reception Concepts and Theory – mapping and participation The practice of participatory mapping Techniques – where to start? Theorising participatory mapping The role of professional organisations Community Showcase

8. ‘ Rewiring’ GIS Source: Sieber, R. (2004) Rewiring for GIS/2 . Cartographica 39 (1) 25-39 GIS/2 Approach Material Aspects Discursive Aspect Integrating local and traditional knowledge File formats, contextual information, counter-maps Intermediaries, public outputs, GIS as part of collaborative decision making Infiltrating cyborg Greater integration, visualisation, software for low-end computing Activists in GIS companies, vendors and NGOs engagement, change textbooks Rewrite code New features, different analytic methods Participate in software design, share info with other activists Rebuilding GIS New data models, alternate metadata schemas Collective discussion of data models, assumptions, processes

10. Main positions in Philosophy of Technology Source: Feenberg, A. (1999) Questioning Technology, Routledge, New York. Technology is: Autonomous Humanly Controlled Neutral (complete separation of means and ends) Determinism (traditional Marxism) Instrumentalism (liberal faith in progress) Value-laden (means form a way of life that includes ends) Substantivism (means and ends linked in a system) Critical Theory (choice of alternative means-ends systems)

16. Typology of hacking Type No. of participants Issue for PGIS Deep technical Significant skills, negotiation & translation of knowledge Shallow technical Skills, user / programmer, control over the application Use Knowledge of GIS, legitimacy of outputs, access to data and software Meaning Outputs, legitimacy of interpretation, overcoming ‘technophobia’

17. Meaning Hacking Attributing new readings to existing information – noticing modelling and conceptual errors and misrepresentation of experiences . In this case, noticing the focus on road noise and the mismatch with City Airport and river noise.

18. Meaning Hacking Re-reading existing maps. Using the map to share local knowledge and experience.

19. Use Hacking Reusing Flickr ability to mark different areas of the image for geographical annotation and creation of Memory Maps

20. Use Hacking Reusing Google Maps ability to create a Green Map for the Transition Town Brixton project

21. Use Hacking New use of sound meters and paper maps for data collection, then the data is integrated in the GIS and a map is produced. Map construction requires knowledge of GIS, access to data, analytical knowledge

22. Shallow Technical Hacking ChicagoCrime.org – one of the first Google Maps Mashups. Developed with some web programming knowledge, but take the data sets as they are. The innovation is in the application and its meaning

23. Shallow / Deep Technical Hacking New use of Google Maps, allowing entering information, editing and moderating. Requires knowledge of GIS, programming, web development, web design

24. Deep Technical Hacking Christian Nold’s work explores new ways of representation of technical and spatial information.

25. Deep Technical Hacking OpenStreetMap and MySociety project are examples for complex projects that deal with geographical representation and use of geographical information. However, what are the values that are encapsulated in these projects?