Chapter 20 Scientific Revolution

1. THE SCIENTIFIC
REVOLUTION
Chapter 20

2. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 New technology, combined with innovative
approaches to seeking knowledge led to a
breakthrough in Western thought
 The Polish scientist Copernicus became
convinced that the Earth was round and that
it rotated on its axis as it revolved around
the sun

6. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 To avoid persecution or imprisonment for his
views, Copernicus worked in privacy for 30
years without publishing his ideas
 Other scientists took Copernicus’ ideas
even further into a scientific understanding
of the universe

8. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 The German astronomer Kepler provided
mathematical proof that the planets revolve
around the sun, but at changing speeds and
in ellipses, not at a constant speed in circles
as Copernicus had believed

11. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 In
1632, Galileo announced in publication
that his observations confirmed
Copernicus’s assertions that not all
heavenly bodies revolved around the earth.

14. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 An outraged Pope Urban VIII put Galileo on
trial
 After recanting his views, Galileo helped the
establish the universal law of physics

16. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 Rene Descartes, a French mathematician
saw mathematics as the prefect model for
clear and certain knowledge
 He believed truth must be reached through
reason and said, “I think, therefore I am”

18. NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS
 In the work Principia, English mathematician
Isaac Newton offered a new understanding
of the universe
 The book stated Newton’s theory of
universal gravitation; to prove his theory,
Newton developed Calculus
 Newton’s work greatly influenced scientific
thought