1. MENINGITIS

2. Meningitis Is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis is classified as aseptic or septic. In aseptic Meningtis, bacteria are not the cause of the inflammation; the cause is viral or secondary to lymphoma, leukemia or brain abscess. Septic meningitis refers to meningitis cause by bacteria most commonly neisseria meningitidis although haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae are also causative agents. Factors that increase the risk for developing bacterial meningitis include tobacco use and viral upper respiratory infection because they increase the amount of droplets production. Otitis media and mastoiditis increase the risk of bacterial meningitis because the bacteria can cross the epithelium membrane and enter the subarachnoid space. Persons with immune system deficiencies are also at greater risk for developing bacterial meningitis.

3. Pathophysiology: Causative organism enter blood stream and causes blood brain barrier Infection inflammation of the meningitis and subarachnoid space and pia mater nerves Headache ICP, visual impairment death paralysis, hydrocephalus, Septic shock

7. BRAIN ABSCESS

14. ENCEPHALITIS

18. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Retrograde intraneuronal path from olfactory and trigeminal nerves to the brain Viruses reactivate in the brain tissue ENCEPHALITIS