1. PROJECT IN
SCIENCE
Submitted By: Marie Ysabelle T. Lesava
of I-Pascal
Submitted To: Mrs. Toribio

2. EARTH’S
MOTION

3. Earth’s Motion
-There are two types of Earth’s
motions and these are
Revolution and Rotation.

4. Rotation
• The Earth spins on its axis from West to East
(counter-clockwise).
• It takes the Earth 23 hours, 56 minutes, and
4.09 seconds to complete one full turn.
• Day and night are produced by the rotation of
the Earth.
• The speed of rotation at any point upon the
equator is at the rate of approximately 1,038
miles per hour, decreasing to zero at the
poles.

5. •The Earth is rotating around
an axis (called its rotational
axis). The Earth's axis is
tipped over about 23.5° from
vertical.
•The Earth’s rotation velocity
at the equator is 1,674.4
km/h.

6. Seasons
• The primary cause of the seasons is the
23.5 degree of the Earth's rotation axis
with respect to the plane of the ecliptic.
• This means that as the Earth goes
around its orbit the Northern
hemisphere is at various times oriented
more toward and more away from the
Sun, and likewise for the Southern
hemisphere

7. Day and Night
• These two are produced by the Earth’s
Rotation.
• As the earth spins one side is facing toward the
sun (day) and the other side is facing away
from the sun. (night)
• The earth spins and the side of the earth that
faced the sun now faces away, so the other
side would be the day, while the other side
would be night.
• It takes 24 hours for the earth to spin around
once.

8. Revolution
• It is revolving around the Sun in a counter-
clockwise direction.
• It takes the Earth one full year to complete one
full revolution around the Sun.
• This path is known as the Earth's orbit. It is
very near a circle, its elliptical.
• The mean distance of the Earth from the Sun
is about 93 million miles and the distance
varies by 3 million miles, forming a slightly oval
path.

9. • The revolution of the Earth around
the Sun traverse a distance of 595
million miles in 365 days, 6
hours, 9 minutes and 9.5 seconds.
• This means a speed of 18 miles a
second (or 66,000 miles per hour)
while at the same time rotating
once each twenty-four hours.

10. Solstices
• At two point through out the year, the tilt
of the Earth’s axis reaches its maximum
angle compared to the Sun, and begins
to move back the other direction.
• This usually happens around June 21st
- the rays of the Sun shine directly on the
Tropic of Cancer, and December 21st -
the Sun’s rays shine on the Tropic of
Capricorn.

11. Equinoxes
• As the Earth moves around its orbit it
reaches two points during the year
where the tilt of its axis causes it to
be straight relative to the Sun.
• During these equinoxes the rays of
the Sun shine directly on the equator.
• This happens on approximately
March 20th, and September 22nd.

12. Latitude
• is the angular distance of that location
south or north of the equator. The
latitude is an angle, and is usually
measured in degrees (marked with °).
• The equator has a latitude of 0°, the
North pole has a latitude of 90° north
(written 90° N or +90°), and the South
pole has a latitude of 90° south (written
90° S or −90°).

13. Longitude
• is a geographic coordinate that
specifies the east-west position of a
point on the Earth's surface.
• It is an angular measurement,
usually expressed in degrees,
minutes and seconds, and denoted
by the Greek letter lambda (λ).

14. International Date Line
• is a generally north-south imaginary line on
the surface of the Earth, passing through the
middle of the Pacific Ocean, where the date
changes as a ship or airplane travels east or
west across it.
• It is roughly along 180° longitude, (opposite
the Prime Meridian), but it is drawn with
diversions to pass around some territories
and island groups.

15. Prime Meridian
• is the meridian (line of longitude) at
which the longitude is defined to be 0°.
• The Prime Meridian and its opposite
the 180th meridian (at 180° longitude),
which the International Date Line
generally follows, form a great circle
that divides the Earth into the Eastern
and Western Hemispheres.