2. What ledWhat led
t o t he writ ing oft o t he writ ing of
t het he
DeclarationDeclaration
OfOf
IndependenceIndependence
and t heand t he
RevolutionaryRevolutionary
War?War?

3. French and I ndian WarFrench and I ndian War
• Br it ain helpedBr it ain helped
colonist s def eatcolonist s def eat
French in warFrench in war
• Br it ain neededBr it ain needed
money t o pay f or warmoney t o pay f or war
expensesexpenses
• Taxed colonist s,Taxed colonist s,
rest r ict edrest r ict ed
set t lement s andset t lement s and
limit ed self -govt .limit ed self -govt .

4. Spain’s role in t he Fr ench andSpain’s role in t he Fr ench and
I ndian War (1756 -1763)I ndian War (1756 -1763)
• Br it ain def eat s France and Spain inBr it ain def eat s France and Spain in
French and I ndian WarFrench and I ndian War
• Spain, Fr ance want revengeSpain, Fr ance want revenge
• Bourbon Family act of 1762, SpainBourbon Family act of 1762, Spain
and Fr ance became Alliesand Fr ance became Allies
• 1762 Fr ance gives Louisiana t o1762 Fr ance gives Louisiana t o
SpainSpain

5. Sugar Act and St amp Act (1764,Sugar Act and St amp Act (1764,
1765)1765)
• Br it ish t axed colonist sBr it ish t axed colonist s
on many of t he goodson many of t he goods
coming int o t he coloniescoming int o t he colonies
f r om ot her placesf r om ot her places
• Br it ish imposed t axesBr it ish imposed t axes
upon all paper pr oduct supon all paper pr oduct s
and st amped t he it emand st amped t he it em
once t he t ax had beenonce t he t ax had been
payedpayed

6. “No Taxat ion
Wit hout
Represent at ion!
”

7. Daught ers of Libert yDaught ers of Libert y
• MadeMade homespunhomespun, a type of fabric, a type of fabric
spun at homespun at home
• Still active as “Daughters of theStill active as “Daughters of the
American Revolution” todayAmerican Revolution” today
• If I have girls, they will be DARIf I have girls, they will be DAR

8. Famous DARsFamous DARs

9. DARs not always good…DARs not always good…

10. Ben Franklin at Parliament ,Ben Franklin at Parliament ,
17661766
Q. Do the Americans pay anyQ. Do the Americans pay any
considerable taxes among themselves?considerable taxes among themselves?
A.A. Certainly many, and very heavy taxes.Certainly many, and very heavy taxes.
Q. Are not the colonies, from their circumstances, very able to pay theQ. Are not the colonies, from their circumstances, very able to pay the
stamp duty?stamp duty?
A.A. In my opinion there is not gold and silver enough in the coloniesIn my opinion there is not gold and silver enough in the colonies
toto
pay the stamp duty for one year.pay the stamp duty for one year.
Q. What used to be the pride of the Americans?Q. What used to be the pride of the Americans?
A.A. To indulge in the fashions and manufactures of Great Britain.To indulge in the fashions and manufactures of Great Britain.
Q. What is now their pride?Q. What is now their pride?
A. To wear their old clothes over again, till they can make new ones.A. To wear their old clothes over again, till they can make new ones.

11. Bost on Massacre, 1770Bost on Massacre, 1770

12. Bost on MassacreBost on Massacre

13. Bost on MassacreBost on Massacre

14. ““Give Me Libert y, or Give MeGive Me Libert y, or Give Me
Deat h!”Deat h!”
-Patrick Henry, 1775-Patrick Henry, 1775

15. Bost on Tea Part yBost on Tea Part y

16. Bost on Tea Part y, 1773Bost on Tea Part y, 1773
• Colonists dressed up as Indians,Colonists dressed up as Indians,
boarded a boat, threw 342 chests ofboarded a boat, threw 342 chests of
tea into the watertea into the water
• MostMost iconiciconic moment of Americanmoment of American
revolutionrevolution

17. Bost on Tea Part y, 1773Bost on Tea Part y, 1773

18. Bost on Three Part yBost on Three Part y

19. Tea Part y Movement , 2010Tea Part y Movement , 2010
• Obama a Muslim, born in KenyaObama a Muslim, born in Kenya
• Against socialist policiesAgainst socialist policies
• Very, very, right wingVery, very, right wing
• Big rallies for supportBig rallies for support
• 9 congressional Tea Party candidates9 congressional Tea Party candidates
will probably winwill probably win

20. Tea Part y Movement , 2010Tea Part y Movement , 2010

21. Tea Part y Movement , 2010Tea Part y Movement , 2010

22. King GeorgeKing George IIIIII passes t hepasses t he
“I nt olerable Act s”“I nt olerable Act s”
• The Royal NavyThe Royal Navy
blockades t he Bost onblockades t he Bost on
Har bor so no colonialHar bor so no colonial
goods could be sentgoods could be sent
out unt il t ea was paidout unt il t ea was paid
f or.f or.
• Colonist s had t oColonist s had t o
quart er t he Brit ishquart er t he Brit ish
soldiers.soldiers.
• The King assignedThe King assigned
Br it ish Gener al GageBr it ish Gener al Gage

23. First
Cont inent al
Congress
meet s in
Philadelphia

24. First Cont inent al Congress
meet s in Philadelphia
• Considered Boycott of British goodsConsidered Boycott of British goods
• Left Georgia out, “convict state”Left Georgia out, “convict state”
• Planned “Second ContinentalPlanned “Second Continental
Congress”Congress”

25. Conf lict at Lexingt on andConf lict at Lexingt on and
ConcordConcord
•Br it ish Gener al Gage
learns of hidden weapons
in Concord

26. Conf lict at Lexingt on andConf lict at Lexingt on and
ConcordConcord
•“One if by land, t wo if
by sea”

27. Paul Revere’s RidePaul Revere’s Ride
List en my children and you shall hear
Of t he midnight ride of Paul Revere,
On t he eight eent h of April, in Sevent y-
f ive;
Hardly a man is now alive
Who remembers t hat f amous day and
year.

28. Second Cont inent alSecond Cont inent al
CongressCongressRepresent at ives
brought money
t o help est ablish
t he cont inent al
army
Creat ed t he
Declarat ion of
I ndependence

29. Who was involved?Who was involved?
• Benj amin FranklinBenj amin Franklin
• J ohn HancockJ ohn Hancock
• ThomasThomas
J ef f ersonJ ef f erson

30. The Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence
When, in the course of human events, it becomesWhen, in the course of human events, it becomes
necessary for one people to dissolve the political bandsnecessary for one people to dissolve the political bands
which have connected them with another, and to assumewhich have connected them with another, and to assume
among the powers of the earth, the separate and equalamong the powers of the earth, the separate and equal
station to which the laws of nature and of nature's Godstation to which the laws of nature and of nature's God
entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankindentitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind
requires that they should declare the causes which impelrequires that they should declare the causes which impel
them to the separation.them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men areWe hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed by their Creatorcreated equal, that they are endowed by their Creator
with certain unalienable rights, that among these arewith certain unalienable rights, that among these are
life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

31. Were All Men Equal?Were All Men Equal?
•Thomas J ef f erson
had hundreds of
slaves
•He had 16 children
wit h one of his slaves,
Sally Hemmings
•Yet he wrot e t hathe wrot e t hat
“all men are creat ed“all men are creat ed
equal”equal”

32. Sally HemmingsSally Hemmings

33. ““So KingSo King
George canGeorge can
see it !”see it !”

34. Ot her cont ent s of t heOt her cont ent s of t he
DecOf I nDecOf I n
• ““He has kept among us, in times ofHe has kept among us, in times of
peace, standing armies without thepeace, standing armies without the
consent of our legislature.”consent of our legislature.”
• We, therefore, the representatives of theWe, therefore, the representatives of the
United States of America…solemnlyUnited States of America…solemnly
publish and declare, that these unitedpublish and declare, that these united
colonies are, and of right ought to becolonies are, and of right ought to be
free and independent statesfree and independent states

35. The WarThe War

36. LoyalistLoyalist
StrongholdsStrongholds

37. Spain’s Role in the WarSpain’s Role in the War
Money: 2 million livres, plus war
materials
King Carlos III's August 17, 1780 Royal
Order asking Spanish and Indian
males in the Americas to donate two
dollars/one dollar
Congress couldn’t tax to raise
money for the Continental
Army.
Poor training [until
the arrival of
Baron von Steuben.

38. Roderique Hortalez etRoderique Hortalez et
CieCieFake company, based out of Paris,
brought money and leaders to the
US
Baron F. W. Augustus von Steuben
Casimir Pulaski
Thaddeus Kosciuszko

39. Von SteubenVon Steuben
Taught poorly trained soldiers
military discipline
Led Armies in the south
Still popular today as first famous
homosexual in the military, (Don’t
Ask Don’t Tell)

40. Casimir PulaskiCasimir Pulaski
Died in battle of Savannah
Also Armies in the south
Casimir Pulaski Day a big regional
holiday
Subject of famous song “Casimir
Pulaski Day” by Sufjan Stevens
Honorary American Citizen
(1 of 7)

41. Thaddeus KosciuskoThaddeus Kosciusko
Close friend of Thomas Jefferson
Commanded armies in the North and
South
Left his money in his will to buy the
freedom of Thomas Jefferson’s
slaves

42. Washington Crossing the DelawareWashington Crossing the Delaware
Painted by Emanuel Leutze, 1851