Hst 111 Week 1 Slides

1. Class Learning Objective:
Students will be able to
comprehend, examine, analyze
and synthesis the pattern of early
migration to the Americas, the
accomplishments of the early
American civilization and their
impact on present cultural
attitudes.

2. Migration from Africa to “America”

3. Where do we Mark the Beginning of
America?

4. Early Paleo-Indiana, 25,000-11,000
Years Ago

5. Kennewick Man 2005, Atlatl Spear

6. Clovis Hunters, 14,000 Years Ago

7. Archaic Period about 7,000 years ago

8. Native American Creation Stories

9. Mesoamerica,
Over 5,000 Year Ago

10. Maize in Mesoameria
Maize Cultural : No Domesticated Animals
Agriculture: Corn, squash, beans

11. Olmec Civilization
3,000 years ago

12. Chinampa

13. Ball Court

16. Codices (Hieroglyphics)

18. Other Characteristics of Olmec
Civilization
• human sacrifices
• lip ornaments
• periodic market systems
• polished obsidian
• sandals with heels
• 13 as a ritual number year of 18 months of 20
days plus 5 extra days
• wood clubs laced with flint or obsidian blades
• stepped pyramids jade as precious stone

19. Olmec/Egyptian

20. End of Olmec Civilization

23. New Era 500 to 1500 C.E.

24. Geography of Incan Empire

25. Incan Achievements
The Incan calendar was divided into 12 months.
Each month was divided into 3 weeks. Each week had
10 days

27. Quipas

28. Farming

29. Roads and Runners and
Communication

30. Government

31. Inca Army

32. Tax System

33. Machu Picchu

34. • Achievements important to the success of
the Inca Empire:
• Communication: (roads, runners)
• Specialized Professions (engineers, metal
workers, stone masons, other artisans)
• Service Tax (huge free labor force)
• Technology (terrace farming, surplus crops,
irrigation systems)
• Strong Central Government (all powerful Inca,
strict laws, basic needs satisfied)

35. • Recap of Inventions:
• Terrace Farming
• Freeze Dried Foods
• Use of Gold and Silver
• Marvelous Stonework
• Wonderful Textiles
• Aqueducts (the Incas were frequent bathers)
• Hanging Bridges
• Panpipes
• Systems of Measurement (calendar, quipus)

36. • Things they did NOT invent:
• The wheel, a system of writing

37. Mayan Civilization

39. Aztec Empire

40. Aztec View of
Tenochtitlan

41. Ruins of the City
Center, Tenochtitlan

42. The Codex
Mendoza :
The Founding
of
Tenochtitla
n

43. Tenochtitlan: The
“Venice” of the
Americas

44. Floating Gardens

45. Aztec Writing

46. Aztec Sun Stone --
Calendar

47. Aztec Sun Motifs

48. Aztec Codex
(15c Manuscript)

49. The Aztecs
Were
Fierce
Warriors

50. Aztecs Sacrifice
Neighboring Tribes to
the Sun God

51. Heart Sacrifice
on an Aztec Temple
Pyramid

52. Wall of Skulls,
Tenochtitlan

53. Sacrificial
Statue, Tenochtitlan

54. Aztec Gold

55. Group Discussion
• When we think of Native Americans we often
visualize Indians on horseback with feather
headdresses; tepees and buffalo robes. We get
this image from television and movies, but it is
not an accurate picture of almost all Indian tribes.
Using what you know from your reading for this
class or anything you read in the past or seen,
what do you see as the “typical” Indian of the
Pre-Columbian Era? Is there such a thing as a
“typical” Indian in your estimation? Yes? No?
Why do you feel the way you do? What evidence
can you find to support your opinion?

58. Aztec and Europe: End of a
Civilization