Population Model Answer

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Very few people are found in the mountainous areas because slopes are too steep to build on (1) and the climate too cold and soils too thin for farming (2). The largest population densities are on or close to the best farmland (1) where land is lower (1) and therefore warmer and more suited to farming (1). People are living near the coalfields as they have a chance of a job here (1). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],It may be difficult to take a census in Bolivia as the people may be illiterate and can’t read instructions on the form so can’t fill it in (2). Also, large numbers of people don’t speak the official language (1) and so collecting information from tribes is time consuming and difficult (2). It may be difficult to catch up with nomadic tribes who move about (1) or some areas are very inaccessible or remote to reach (1). The information is used to help a government plan for education (1) and health provision (1). The data will also help them determine areas where the population is growing (1) or falling etc.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Birth rates are high in Ethiopia because of poor access to contraception (1) and little access to education and family planning (1). In Britain these are widely available (1) but also women want careers (1) and put off having babies till later (1) or couples want to spend the money on themselves (1). In addition in Ethiopia there is limited access to education and universities for women whereas in Britain education often puts women off having babies (1). Also people are needed to support families in old age (1) whereas in Britain we have pensions and nursing home to help (1).

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],There is a higher proportion of under 15’s in Indonesia because of higher birth rates due to fewer women having the chance of an education (1), poorer access to family planning (1) and contraception (1). The high birth rate is also due to religious (1) and traditional reasons (1) encouraging people not to use contraception and to have large families (1). There is a larger proportion of New Zealand’s population over 60 because more people have the chance of medical care (1). Also they have high living standards (1) and plenty opportunities for careers for women (1). High infant mortality High birth rate (wide at bottom) Low birth rate (narrow at base) High death rate (gets narrow quickly) low death rate (doesn’t narrow quickly) Low infant mortality Pyramid shape Bullet shape Low life expectancy High life expectancy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nigeria has a much wider base to its pyramid (1), that is, a much higher birth rate (1). Also Nigeria is pyramid shaped, whereas America is more bullet shaped (1). America has a much higher life expectancy (1) shown by the proportion of people in the older age groups (1).

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Problems of Nigeria’s population structure are that due to the high number of young people there could be a lack of teachers and schools (1). The government will need to provide food and shelter for them (1) which will put a strain on the countries development (1). Problem’s of the USA’s population structure is that a lot of the middle age people will soon retire (1) and drain resources (1). There will be a shortage of people working (1) and costs of medical care for the older people (medication, hip operations, nursing home) will be high (2).

[object Object],[object Object],Migration PUSH factors PULL Factors (push you from the countryside) (pull you to the city) - poverty - better job - poor access to health care - bright lights syndrome - limited clean water - better sanitation/services - natural disasters - good medical care In developing countries lots of people have moved from the countryside (rural) to the city (urban). In the countryside they are pushed out due to poverty (1) and a lack of education opportunities (1). Also there may be civil war (1) or natural disasters occurring (1). The cities pull them in with the chance of a better job (1) and the range of services such as cinema’s, shops etc (1). Also the ‘bright lights syndrome’ may be a cause (1).

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],People living in rural areas are pushed out of the countryside for many reasons. The land can be infertile and too poor to farm (1) or they may only have a small area to farm (1). There is a lack of schools (1) and good medical care (1). In addition there are limited job opportunities (1) and poor transport links (1).

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Remember: there is no wrong answer - you have to decide which one you can write more about! Yes people do benefit by moving to the cities as they are able to send money back to their families (1) and this will improve their living standards at home (1). There are more jobs available (1) and better access to health care and services (2). No people don’t benefit from the move as rent can be expensive (1) so they may live on the streets or in shanty towns (1) with poor sanitation (1), disease (1) and overcrowding (1).

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Population Model Answer

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Population Model Answer