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MULTICULTURAL EUROPEAN CITIES:
BETWEEN SOCIO-ETHNIC POLARISATION
AND NEO-COSMOPOLITANISM
Marco Martiniello
CEDEM-University of Liège
CEDEM
CEDEM
Introduction
1. The Global Context
2. What is at stake?: inventing a multicultural citizenship at the city level
3. Problems and obstacles
4. Two principles for public action
5. Concrete policy issues
6. Conclusion
- A global, European and “glocal” context
- The “diversification of European Diversity” – “Super Diversity”:
- Enlargements
-Sub-national political mobilization
-Diversified migration patterns
-Roma, gypsies and travellers
-Jewish communities
-Socio-economic diversity and changing inequalities
-Sexual orientations in the public sphere
CEDEM
1.The Global Context
- Two contradictory Trends at work in cities:
- social, economic, ethnic, racial and religious fragmentation, polarization and
separation
- group border-crossing and interculturalism : Exchange, métissage, cohesion,
interactions, solidarity: neo-cosmopolitanism rooted in the neighbourhood
- Anti-multiculti, post-multiculti, neo-assimilationist rhetoric and and praise of
diversity
- Assimilationist Policies and Diversity Policies
CEDEM
1.The global context
- Reject extreme multiculturalism
- The assimilationist myth and the illusion of exclusion and closing
- What is at stake :
- A more open and egalitarian local democracy
- Combining diversification and cohesion (social, political)
- A multicultural citizenship based on shared rights and duties
- Top-down AND bottom-up
- Re-inventing the city as a crossroad
CEDEM
2. What is at stake?: inventing a multicultural citizenship at the city level
-1. The essentialization and homogenization of cultures, religions and
groups
-2. The folkorization of minority ethno-cultural and religious groups
-3. Occulting the links between culture, social justice and socio-economic
inequality
- 4. The perverse effects of focussing on Islam and Muslims
- 5.The securitisation of debates and policies
-6 . Between political correctness and discriminations
CEDEM
3. Problems and obstacles
-1. The legitimacy of public interventions both in local diversity management
and in the fight against social and economic inequality.
-2. Support collective actors that promote non negotiable democratic values:
:
- Human rights including integrity of the person
- Non-discrimination and equality in access to services and institutions
-Gender equality
-Legal order and democratic procedures
-Respect of cultural and religious diversity
CEDEM
4. Two principles for public action
-1. The symbolic recognition of diversity as an asset.
-2. Financing projects instead of institutions
-3. Artistic expressions as social link building
-4. The issue of residential segregation
-5. Local active citizenship and political participation
-6. Local conflict resolution mechanisms: consultation, etc.
-7. Linguistic Policies
-8. Fight social isolation
-9. Education
-10. the local labour market
CEDEM
5. Concrete Policy Issues
CEDEM
6. Conclusion
- Realism - pessimism in the short term: in the current very difficult
economic , social and political context, intergroup (« ethnicized »,
« racialized ») tensions and conflict persist especially at the local level
and assimilation remains the doxa
- Realism - « quiet optimism » in the long term: prospects for the
development of a local multicultural citizenship in EU cities
- Local policies and politics matter ! But bottom-up mobilisation as well !

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Tampere martiniello

  • 1. MULTICULTURAL EUROPEAN CITIES: BETWEEN SOCIO-ETHNIC POLARISATION AND NEO-COSMOPOLITANISM Marco Martiniello CEDEM-University of Liège CEDEM
  • 2. CEDEM Introduction 1. The Global Context 2. What is at stake?: inventing a multicultural citizenship at the city level 3. Problems and obstacles 4. Two principles for public action 5. Concrete policy issues 6. Conclusion
  • 3. - A global, European and “glocal” context - The “diversification of European Diversity” – “Super Diversity”: - Enlargements -Sub-national political mobilization -Diversified migration patterns -Roma, gypsies and travellers -Jewish communities -Socio-economic diversity and changing inequalities -Sexual orientations in the public sphere CEDEM 1.The Global Context
  • 4. - Two contradictory Trends at work in cities: - social, economic, ethnic, racial and religious fragmentation, polarization and separation - group border-crossing and interculturalism : Exchange, métissage, cohesion, interactions, solidarity: neo-cosmopolitanism rooted in the neighbourhood - Anti-multiculti, post-multiculti, neo-assimilationist rhetoric and and praise of diversity - Assimilationist Policies and Diversity Policies CEDEM 1.The global context
  • 5. - Reject extreme multiculturalism - The assimilationist myth and the illusion of exclusion and closing - What is at stake : - A more open and egalitarian local democracy - Combining diversification and cohesion (social, political) - A multicultural citizenship based on shared rights and duties - Top-down AND bottom-up - Re-inventing the city as a crossroad CEDEM 2. What is at stake?: inventing a multicultural citizenship at the city level
  • 6. -1. The essentialization and homogenization of cultures, religions and groups -2. The folkorization of minority ethno-cultural and religious groups -3. Occulting the links between culture, social justice and socio-economic inequality - 4. The perverse effects of focussing on Islam and Muslims - 5.The securitisation of debates and policies -6 . Between political correctness and discriminations CEDEM 3. Problems and obstacles
  • 7. -1. The legitimacy of public interventions both in local diversity management and in the fight against social and economic inequality. -2. Support collective actors that promote non negotiable democratic values: : - Human rights including integrity of the person - Non-discrimination and equality in access to services and institutions -Gender equality -Legal order and democratic procedures -Respect of cultural and religious diversity CEDEM 4. Two principles for public action
  • 8. -1. The symbolic recognition of diversity as an asset. -2. Financing projects instead of institutions -3. Artistic expressions as social link building -4. The issue of residential segregation -5. Local active citizenship and political participation -6. Local conflict resolution mechanisms: consultation, etc. -7. Linguistic Policies -8. Fight social isolation -9. Education -10. the local labour market CEDEM 5. Concrete Policy Issues
  • 9. CEDEM 6. Conclusion - Realism - pessimism in the short term: in the current very difficult economic , social and political context, intergroup (« ethnicized », « racialized ») tensions and conflict persist especially at the local level and assimilation remains the doxa - Realism - « quiet optimism » in the long term: prospects for the development of a local multicultural citizenship in EU cities - Local policies and politics matter ! But bottom-up mobilisation as well !