1. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Identify fundamental concepts of computer networks.
Identify network communications technologies.
Identify network connectivity technologies.
Identify Internet technologies.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 1 of 52
2. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network concepts
For learning networking concepts, you need to understand
the following:
Networks
Network models
Network interface card characteristics
Twisted pair cables
RJ-45 twisted pair connectors
Coaxial cables
Coaxial cable and connector types
Fiber optic cables
Fiber optic connectors
Other network connection types
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 2 of 52
3. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Networks
A network:
Group of computers
Share resources
A network includes:
Network media
Network adapter
Network operating system
Network protocol
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 3 of 52
4. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Models
• Network models:
Centralized
Client-server
Peer-to-peer
Centralized Client-server Peer-to-peer
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 4 of 52
5. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Interface Card Characteristics
Network interface card characteristics:
Network connection port
Physical network address Physical Address
Status indicator lights
Port
Status Lights
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 5 of 52
6. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Twisted Pair Cables
• The twisted pair is a type of cable in which multiple
insulated conductors are twisted around each other in pairs
and clad in a protective and insulating outer jacket.
• Types:
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
Insulated jacket
Multiple pairs of
conductors
Wires twisted together
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 6 of 52
7. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
RJ-45 Twisted Pair Connectors
The RJ-45 connector is used on twisted pair cable.
Eight pins
1 W/Green
P3
2 Green
3 W/Orange
4 Blue
P1 P2
5 W/Blue
6 Orange
7 W/Brown
P4
8 Brown
Four pairs of wires
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 7 of 52
8. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Coaxial Cables
• The coaxial cables, or coax, is a type of copper cable that
features a central conductor surrounded by braided or foil
shielding.
Non-conductive
Braided shielding insulated coating
Single copper
conductor
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 8 of 52
9. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Coaxial Cable and Connector Types
Coaxial cable type:
5 mm/0.25 inch (“Thinnnet”)
10 mm/0.5 inch (“Thicknet”)
Connector types:
BNC connector
T-connector
BNC connector on thin T-connector 50-ohm resistor on T-
net cable connector
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 9 of 52
10. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Fiber Optic Cables
• The fiber optic cable is a type of network cable in which
the core is one or more glass or plastic strands.
• Fiber optic cable mode types:
Single-mode fiber
Step index multimode fiber
Graded index multimode fiber
Outer jacket Silica cladding
Inner jacket Glass or plastic core
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 10 of 52
11. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Fiber Optic Connectors
Fiber Optic Connectors are:
ST SC FC
FDDI Mini-BNC Biconic
LC SMA MT-RJ
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 11 of 52
12. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Other Network Connection Types
• Other network connection types:
USB
Firewire
RS-232
Wireless
Firewire
USB
RS-232 Wireless
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 12 of 52
13. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Activity 10-2
Activity on Identifying the
Local MAC Address
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 13 of 52
14. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Communications
For learning network communication, you need to
understand following:
Network protocols
Network addresses
The TCP/IP protocol
IP addresses
Subnet masks
IP address classes
The IPX/SPX and NWLink protocols
NetBIOS
NetBEUI
Network bandwidth
Full and half duplex communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 14 of 52
15. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Protocols
• A network protocol is software that provides the rules to
conduct network operations.
Common network protocol
Formats packet data
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 15 of 52
16. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Addresses
• A network address is an numeric identification code
assigned to a network computer according network
protocol.
• Network address consist:
Network portion
Node portion X.X.150.2
X.X.150.3
192.168.X.X
Network portion of address = Street name
Node portion of address = House number
Complete address = Street name and house number
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 16 of 52
17. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The TCP/IP Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP):
A nonproprietary, routable network protocol
Helps computers to communicate over all types of networks
TCP/IP
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 17 of 52
18. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
IP Addresses
• An IP address is a 32-bit binary number assigned to a
computer on a TCP/IP network.
• An IP address consists:
Network segment
Node segment
Network Segment Node Segment
Binary 11010000.01111011.00101101.00010010
Decimal
208.123.45.18
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 18 of 52
19. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Subnet Masks
• A subnet mask is a 32-bit number assigned to each
system.
• Subnet mask divide the 32-bit binary IP address into: and
node portions.
Network portion
Node portion
IP address
139.87.140.76
Removes the node portion of the IP
Subnet mask
255.255.255.0 address
Network ID
139.87.140.0
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 19 of 52
20. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
IP Address Classes
The IP address classes:
Address Class Range Default Subnet Mask Networks/Nodes
1.0.0.0 to 126 networks of up to 16,777,214
Class A 255.0.0.0
127.255.255.255 nodes each
128.0.0.0 to 16,382 networks of up to 65,534
Class B 255.255.0.0
191.255. 255.255 nodes each
192.0.0.0 to 2,097,150 networks of up to 254
Class C 255.255.255.0
223.255.255 .255 nodes each
224.0.0.0 to All members of the multicast
Class D None
239.255.255.255 session share the same IP address
240.0.0.0 to Strictly for research and
Class E None
255.255.255.255 experimentation purposes
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 20 of 52
21. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The IPX/SPX and NWLink Protocols
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet
Exchange (IPX/SPX) is a proprietary, routable network
protocol suite. NWLink
Windows
client
Legacy Novell
NetWare server IPX/SPX
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 21 of 52
22. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
NetBIOS
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) a
specification enables applications and services to use
different network protocols for network communicate.
NetBIOS
Enables network applications and services to TCP/IP
communicate
Network protocol transmits data
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 22 of 52
23. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
NetBEUI
NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) is a legacy
protocol found only in Windows Networks.
Client1 Client2
00-60-08-cd-34-64 00-60-08-cd-34-52
NetBEUI
Server1 Client3
00-aa-00-62-c6-09 00-80-5b-a3-8d-a8
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 23 of 52
24. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Bandwidth
• The bandwidth helps measure how much data a network
can carry.
High Bandwidth
100 mbps
10 mbps
Low Bandwidth
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 24 of 52
25. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Full and Half Duplex Communications
• The full duplex mode communications permit simultaneous
two-way communications.
• The half duplex mode communications permit two-way
communications, but in only one direction at a time.
Half duplex Full duplex
One direction at a time Both directions simultaneously
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 25 of 52
26. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Activity 10-4
Activity on Identifying
Local Network
Characteristics
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 26 of 52
27. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Network Connectivity
For learning networking connectivity, you need to
understand the following:
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Ethernet
Dial-up Connections
Wireless Connections
802.11 Wireless Standards
Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
Bluetooth Communications
Infrared Connections
Cellular WAN Communications
Broadband Communications
Types of Broadband Communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 27 of 52
28. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Local Area Networks (LANs)
• A LAN is a network that spans a small area, such as a
single building, floor, or room.
LAN 1 floor LAN 2 floor
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 28 of 52
29. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
• A WAN is a network that spans multiple geographic
locations.
Long-range transmissions
LAN 1 LAN 3
LAN 2
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 29 of 52
30. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Ethernet
• An Ethernet network is a popular LAN implementation.
• Ethernet network consists of:
Adapters
Contention-based media access
Twisted pair, coax, or fiber media
Ethernet
adapter
Media
types
Ethernet
Contention-based media
adapter
access
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 30 of 52
31. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Dial-up Connections
• The dial-up connections are network connections that use
telecommunications media.
Telecommunications media
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 31 of 52
32. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Wireless Connections
• The wireless connections transmit signals without using
physical network media.
Infrared Satellite Radio
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 32 of 52
33. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
802.11 Wireless Standards
The 802.11 standard is a family of specifications for wireless
LAN technology.
802.11 – IEEE working group
Important standards within the group:
• 802.11
• 802.11a
• 802.11b (“Wi-Fi”)
• 802.11e
• 802.11g
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 33 of 52
34. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
• A Wireless Access Point (WAP) a device:
Provides connection between wireless devices
Enables wireless networks to connect to wired networks
WAP
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 34 of 52
35. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Bluetooth Communications
Bluetooth is a wireless radio protocol.
30 feet
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 35 of 52
36. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Infrared Connections
Infrared is a form of wireless connection in which signals
are sent via pulses of infrared light.
Infrared receiver Infrared mouse
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 36 of 52
37. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Cellular WAN Communications
A cellular WAN technology uses cellular radio signals to
transmit data over the cellular telephone system.
Cell Cell
Cell
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 37 of 52
38. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Broadband Communications
Broadband is a category of network transmission
technologies.
Multiple channels
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 38 of 52
39. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Types of Broadband Communications
DSL
Types of broadband communications are:
DSL modem Phone company
Cable
Cable modem
Cable TV provider
Satellite
ISDN – Legacy
ISDN
ISDN switch
adapter
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 39 of 52
40. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Internet Technologies
For learning internet technologies, you need to understand
the following:
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
SMTP
POP3
IMAP4
HTML
HTTP
SSL
HTTPS
Telnet
FTP
Voice Over IP (VoIP)
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 40 of 52
41. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
• An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that
provides Internet access.
Broadband or dial-up ISP
connection
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 41 of 52
42. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) sends email
Client to server
Between server
Mail forwarded between servers Mail from client to server
Email server Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 42 of 52
43. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
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POP3
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3):
Helps email client to retrieve email from mail server
Transferred to client when requested
Stored in mailbox
POP3
Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 43 of 52
44. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
IMAP4
Internet Mail Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4):
Helps web browser to retrieve messages from a mail server
Client works with mail as
if local
Mail managed on
server
IMAP4 server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 44 of 52
45. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
HTML
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the language to
create web based documents.
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
Page <title>Simple HTML Page</title>
structure
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>
<body>
<p>
This is the text of the web page.
Page content
</p>
</body>
</html>
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 45 of 52
46. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
TCP/IP service
Helps clients to connect and interact with websites
Web client Web server
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 46 of 52
47. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
SSL
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):
A security protocol
Combines digital certificates with public-key data encryption
for authentication
Request secure connection
Send certificate and public key
Negotiate encryption
Web client SSL-enabled web server
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 47 of 52
48. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a secure
version of HTTP
SSL
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 48 of 52
49. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Telnet
Telnet:
A terminal emulation protocol
Helps user to simulate a session on a remote host
Telnet daemon
C:> telnet 10.1.1.3
Password:
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 49 of 52
50. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
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FTP
File Transfer Protocol (FTP):
Helps upload or download files from an FTP file server
FTP daemon FTP utility
Transfer files
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 50 of 52
51. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
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Voice Over IP (VoIP)
Voice over IP (VoIP) is a transmission medium in which
voice signals are transmitted over IP data networks.
Voice signals
IP network
Data signals
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 51 of 52
52. CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach
Installing Windows XP Professional Using Attended Installation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Summary
In this session, you learned that:
There are various network related concepts, such as network
models and network connection types.
Network connections uses different kind of cables and
connectors.
Network uses network protocols and address for setting up
communication between computers.
Network connectivity processes uses LAN and WAN concepts.
ISPs provides internet technology related supports.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 52 of 52
Notes de l'éditeur
Information about the OSI network model would not available in the Student Guide, but you need to tell students in brief that OSI model provides various layers to establish network between computers. Following are the seven network layers of OSI network model: Physical layer : Helps convert bit stream in to different signals, such as electric and light. Data link layer : Helps encode and decode data packets into bits. Network layer : Helps creating logical path for data transfer using techniques, such as switching and routing. Transport layer : Helps transport data between end-systems. Session layer : Helps establish, manage, and terminate connection between applications. Presentation layer : Helps represent data in network format. Application layer : Helps process application for end-users.
Information about the other network coverage areas can also be discussed here. Following are the various network coverage areas: A Personal Area Network (PAN): which is a network of devices used by a single individual, such as a user’s cellular phone with a wireless hands-free handset. A Campus Area Network (CAN): which covers an area equivalent to an academic campus or business park. A CAN is typically owned or used exclusively by one company, school, or organization. A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): which covers an area equivalent to a city or other municipality. A Global Area Network (GAN): which is any worldwide network.