1. WELCOME

2. AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE
Presented by
NIKHIL P.

3. INTRODUCTION

4. INTRODUCTION
Ambient intelligence(AmI) is an emerging discipline
that brings intelligence to our every-day environments and
makes those environments sensitive to us.
Ambient Intelligence is a network of hidden intelligent
interfaces that recognize our presence and mould our
environment to our immediate needs.

5. INTRODUCTION
AmI refers to an exciting new paradigm in
information technology, in which people are
empowered through a digital environment that is
aware of their presence and context and is
sensitive, adaptive and responsive to their needs,
habits, gestures and emotions.
A key factor in AmI is the presence of Intelligence.

6. INTRODUCTION
All this implies that the near future will
bring us kitcheners that automatically switch off
hot plates when we leave the apartment or, even
more astonishing, TVs that automatically switch to
another TV channel if it “judges” by our facial
expressions that we don’t like the show which is on
at the moment.

7. AmI
Ambient Intelligence is based on three key
technologies:
●
Ubiquitous Computing,
●
Ubiquitous Communication &
●
Intelligent User Interfaces

8. Ubiquitous Computing
Ubiquitous Computing means the integration of
microprocessors into everyday objects like
furniture, clothes or toys.
Using ubiquitous computing, people will not be
aware of the presence of computers, they will be in
the background.

9. Ubiquitous Communication
Ubiquitous Communication should enable these
objects to communicate with each other and with the
user.

10. Intelligent User Interface
Intelligent User Interface enables the inhabitants of
the AmI to control and interact with the environment
in a natural (voice, gestures) and personalized way
(preferences, context).

11. Ambient Intelligence
Contributing technologies

12. AmI interaction

13. Ambient Intelligence
●
Sensing
●
Reasoning
●
Acting

14. Generic architecture of AmI

15. Sensing
●
●
●
●
Relies on sensory datas from the real world
software algorithm perceives the environment
and uses this information to reason about the
environment and the action that can be taken
to change the state of the environment
Perception is accomplished using variety of
sensors
Sensors have been designed for position
measurement,
for detection of chemicals and humidity

16. Sensing
●
●
●
Sensors are quite small and can be integrated into
any AmI environment
The sensor networks community has explored
applications such as environmental monitoring,
situational awareness, and structural safety
monitoring
A challenge particularly with wireless sensors and
wireless sensor networks is resource management to
support long-term data collection.

17. Sensing
●
●
●
Making sense of sensor data is a complex task.
Sensor data comes with unique features that
challenge conventional data analysis techniques
They generate large volumes of multidimensional
data

18. Sensing
●
User location
-put sensors and cameras in the room
-put all the detection and sensing hardware on the
person

19. Sensing
●
Status tracking
-user can wear bio-metric sensors on the body
-implant a micro-chip loaded with information into
clothing

20. Sensing
●
Analysing sensor data
-centralized model(central server)
-distributed model(onboard processing)

21. Reasoning
●
●
Sensing and acting provide links between intelligent
algorithms and the real world in which they operate.
In order to make such algorithms responsive,
adaptive, and beneficial to users, a number of types
of reasoning must take place.
-user modeling
-activity prediction and recognition
-decision making
-spatial-temporal reasoning.

22. Reasoning
User modeling
●
Ability to model user behaviour
●
User modelling approaches based on
-data that is used
-type of model that is built
-nature of the model-building algorithm

23. Reasoning
Activity Prediction & Recognition
●
●
Ability to predict and recognize activities that occur
in AmI environment
Predicting resident locations, and even resident
actions, allows the AmI system to anticipate the
resident’s needs and assist with performing the
action

24. Reasoning
Decision Making
●
●
Automatic decision making and control techniques
are available
For eg:- the AmI system may respond to a sensed
health need by calling a medical specialist and
sending health vitals using any available device
(cell phone, email, or fax). If there is no response
from the specialist, the AmI system would phone
the nearest hospital and request ambulance
assistance.

25. Reasoning
Spatial Temporal Reasoning
●
For a system to make sensible decisions it has to be
aware of where the users are and have been during
some period of time. These in-sights, together with
other information, will provide important clues on
the type of activities the user is engaged in and the
most adequate response.

26. Reasoning
Spatial Temporal Reasoning
For eg:- Whenever someone
turns on the cooker and leaves
it unattended for more than 10
units of time, then the system
has to take action.
Consider a scenario in which

27. Acting
●
●
Intelligent and assistive devices provide a
mechanism by which AmI systems can execute
actions and affect the system users.
Another mechanism is through Robots

28. Human Computer Interaction
●
AmI should be made easy to live
so need to define human-centric computer interface,
that are
-context awareness
-natural interface

29. Human Computer Interaction
●
●
Context awareness” is a key to building AmI and
associated applications. If devices can exploit
emerging technologies to infer the current activity
state of the user (e.g., whether the user is walking
or driving, whether is at office, at home) and the
characteristics of their environment, they can then
intelligently manage both the information content
and the means of information distribution.
For eg:-, the embedded pressure sensors in the
'Aware Home' capture residents’ footfalls, and the
home uses these data for position tracking and
pedestrian recognition.

30. Human Computer Interaction
●
Natural interface
explicit input must now be replaced with more
human-life communication capabilities and with
implicit actions. The technologies including motion
tracking, gesture recognition, facial expression
recognition and emotion recognition, speech
processing, and even whistle processing facilitate
natural interactions with intelligent environments.

31. AmI
●
Technical features
Low cost devices
They will be more specific computers for concrete
applications, so they will not have the processor and hard
disk requirements that general purpose computers have.
High bandwidth
Another requirement for ubiquitous computing is to have
enough network bandwidth to allow that the communication
between the different devices that are used.

32. AmI
●
Technical features
Low cost devices
They will be more specific computers for concrete
applications, so they will not have the processor and hard
disk requirements that general purpose computers have.
High bandwidth
Another requirement for ubiquitous computing is to have
enough network bandwidth to allow that the communication
between the different devices that are used.

33. AmI
Invisible filesystem
Users should be able to access to data without knowing
specific file names, location or format.
Automatic Installation
Some technical alternatives are the use of programming
languages as Java, that are platform-independent and are
moved easily from one computer to another.

34. AmI
Personalize information
one approach can be that every time a new person joins a
community her/his personal profile needs to be added to
every device.
Privacy Issues
system can record the actions of the users, their preferences,
their locations... & some other people may access to these
data. infrared or wireless radio communication use
encryption to ensure security, but that is against the limited
bandwidth of these technologies.

35. Privacy & Security Challenges
●
●
●
AmI offers great benefits to users by customizing
their environments and meeting their needs.
AmI potentially gives more control to humans by
making their environments more responsive to
intended actions, and reducing the physical effort
that is required to perform a task.
At the same time, AmI can take away control when
the environment performs the wrong action.

36. Privacy & Security Challenges
●
●
AmI technologies can raise other security issues.
At the sensor level, sensor reliability, handling
errors, and installation errors can create security
risks.
To ensure security in sensor networks, the designer
must consider these factors together with sensor
communication channel reliability and security,
and sensor data security.

37. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Smart Homes
Ambient Intelligence is allowing the home itself to
possess intelligence and make decisions regarding
its state and interactions with its residents.

38. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Health-related applications:
Hospitals can increase the efficiency of their
services by monitoring patients’ health and progress
by performing automatic analysis of activities in
their rooms

39. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Public transportation sector:
Public transport can benefit from extra technology
including satellite services, GPS-based spatial
location, vehicle identification, image processing
and other technologies to make transport more fluent
and hence more efficient and safe.

40. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Education services:
Education-related institutions may use technology
to create smart classrooms where the modes of
learning are enhanced

41. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Emergency services:
Safety-related services like fire brigades can
improve the reaction to a hazard by locating the
place more efficiently and also by preparing the way
to reach the place in connection with street services.

42. AmI APPLICATIONS
●
Production-oriented places. Companies can use
RFID sensors to tag different products and track
them along the production and commercialization
processes. This allows identifying the product path
from production to consumer and helps improving
the process by providing valuable information for
the company on how to react to favourable demand
and unusual events like products that become
unsuitable for sale

43. Ongoing Challenges
●
●
●
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many AmI applications relying upon wireless
sensors are at the mercy of the battery life for the
sensors.
challenge is to model multiple residents in an
environment
challenge for AmI researchers is to design selftesting and self-repairing AmI software
issues related to security and privacy for AmI
systems

44. Conclusion
Ambient Intelligence is establishing fast as an area
where a confluence of topics can converge to help
society through technology. There are still many
challenges ahead and improvements are needed at
all levels: infrastructure, algorithms and humancomputer interaction for AmI systems to be widely
accepted and more important of all, be useful to
society.

45. Reference
●
www.jaise-journal.org/
●
www.dke.univie.ac.at/extern/bi.../ss2002/Ambient-Intell
●
www.irisa.fr/lande/lande/icse-proceedings/icse/p43.pdf

46. THANKYOU