1. Cell
organiZation in
the human body
CHAPTER 2
FORM 1
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

2. Introduction
• Analogy – computer consists of various
components. Each components has special
structure and shape that have been created to
do certain functions.
• As well as the computers, the human body as
made up of various types of cells. These cells
are different in the form of shape and
structure with differ functions.
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

3. Introduction
• What are the various types of cells that
consists in our body?
• What is the function of each cell?
• Different types of cell carry out different
function.
• These cells have differ structures and shapes
to carry out specialized functions.
• These cells are known as specialized cells.
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

4. Cheek cell
Function: To protect the inner surface of
cheek.
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5. Muscle cell
Function: To contract and relax for movement
in the different parts of the body
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6. Nerve cell
Function: Receive and transmit nerve
impulses (information) between the sensory
organs, the brains and the rest of the body.
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7. Red blood cell
Function: Transport oxygen in the body.
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8. White blood cell
Function: To protect the body from invaded
by microorganisms.
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9. Reproductive cells
Function: Take part in fertilization to produce
young for the next / new generations
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10. Bone cell
Function: To support and protect the internal
organs.
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Skin cell
Function: To prevent loss of water from the
body.

11. Cell Organization
• The human body is organized in the following
way:
• The organization of cells in this way enables
multicellular organisms to carry out various
processes of life such as moving, breathing
and reproduction.
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal
Cell Tissue Organ System Organism

12. Cell
• Each types of cell carry out a specific
function.
• Different types of cells have different
structures, shapes and sizes.
• Examples of cells:
Nerve cell
Muscle cell
Reproductive cell
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

13. Tissue
• A group of similar cells that perform the same
function.
• Example: - muscle tissue is made up of
muscle cells, and nervous tissue is made up of
nerve cells.
• There are many types of tissues. These
includes covering tissue or protective tissue,
supporting tissue, connecting tissue, muscle
tissue, nerve tissue, etc.
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

14. Organs
• Different tissues may be grouped together to
perform a particular kind of function. Such a
group of tissues is called an organ.
• An organ consists of two or more types of tissues
that performs a certain function.
• Each type of tissue in an organ helps the organ
perform its function.
• Example: - the heart. Each type of tissue in the
heart organ helps it to pump blood to all parts of
the body. Ear, stomach, lung, brain
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

15. System
• A few organs that work together to perform a
certain function.
• Example: - digestive system, reproductive
system, excretory system, etc.
• These systems work together in harmony
within an organism.
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

16. System
System Organs in system
Muscular All types of muscles and
tendons
Skeletal Bones, cartilage, joints,
ligaments
Digestive Mouth, oesophagus,
stomach, pancreas,
intestine, liver
Reproductive Testis, ovary
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal

17. System
System Organs in system
Respiratory Nose, trachea, lungs,
bronchus, bronchioles,
alveolus
Nervous Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Blood circulatory Heart, veins, arteries
Excretory Kidney, skin, liver, urinary
bladder, lungs
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18. Muscular System
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19. Skeletal System
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20. Digestive System
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21. Respiratory System
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22. Blood Circulatory System
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23. Nervous System
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24. Excretory System
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25. Reproductive System
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26. Organism
• Made up of many systems.
• All systems work together to form an
organism.
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27. Relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems
• Let’s take a look at the reference book
together…
April 22, 2014 Nursyazwani binti Shawal