5. Hardest hit was the USS Arizona. Nearly 1,200 sailors were killed, only 300 survived.
All together 2,403 Americans were killed & 1,178 woundedAll together 2,403 Americans were killed & 1,178 wounded
Destroyed were five battleships, three cruisers, and several smaller vessels, and
about 200 airplanes.
10. THE BOMBING OF
HIROSHIMA
At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945,
the U.S. B-29 aircraft Enola
Gay dropped the atomic bomb
“Little Boy” on Hiroshima
11. Atomic Bomb:
Little Boy
Little Boy was the
atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima, Japan,
August 6, 1945
Little Boy was a Gun-
type fission bomb.
This means a non-nuclear
explosive blasts a
uranium wedge down a
gun barrel into a
uranium target causing
the fission reaction.
15. 70,000 of 76,000 buildings in city totally destroyed
114,000 killed immediately
By end of 1945, 60,000 more dead of radiation sickness
By 1951, another 50,000 killed by effects of
radiation
22. 1 Samuel 15:2-3
2 Thus says the Lord of
hosts, "I will punish the
Amalekites for what they
did in opposing the
Israelites when they came
up out of Egypt.
3 Now go and attack
Amalek, and utterly
destroy all that they have;
do not spare them, but
kill both man and
woman, child and
infant, ox and sheep,
camel and donkey.'
Strive for peace with
all men, and for the
holiness without which
no one will see the
Lord. Heb. 12:14
For God is not a
God of confusion but
of peace.
--1 Cor. 14:33
Finally, brethren, farewell.
Mend your ways, heed my
appeal, agree with one
another, live in peace, and the
God of love and peace will be
with you.
--2 Cor. 13:11
23. Depart from evil, and do good;
seek peace, and pursue it.
Psalm 34:12-14
Too long have I had my dwelling
among those who hate peace. I
am for peace; but when I
speak, they are for war! Ps
120:6-7
Blessed are the peacemakers,
for they shall be called sons of
God.
-Matt. 5:9
Let us then pursue what makes
for peace and for mutual
upbuilding. Rom 14:19.
8 O daughter Babylon, you
devastator! Happy shall they
be who pay you back what you
have done to us! 9 Happy
shall they be who take
your little ones and dash
them against the rock!
Psalm 137: 8-9
17 Now kill all the boys. And
kill every woman who has
slept with a man, 18 but save
for yourselves every girl who
has never slept with a
man. . . .
Numbers 31: 17-18
24. Exodus 22:2-3 –
“If a thief is caught in
the act of breaking into
a house and is killed,
the one who killed him
is not guilty. But if it
happens in the daylight,
it must be presumed to
be murder and the man
who kills him is guilty.”
(Living Bible).
Matthew, chapter 5, 38-39, 44,45
“Ye have heard that it hath been
said, An eye for an eye, and a
tooth for a tooth: But I say
unto you, That ye resist not
evil: but whosoever shall smite
thee on thy right cheek, turn to
him the other also. Ye have
heard that it hath been said,
Thou shalt love thy neighbor,
and hate thine enemy. But I
say unto you, Love
your enemies, bless
them that curse you, do good
to them that hate you, and pray
for them which despitefully use
you, and persecute you; That ye
may be the children of your
Father which is in heaven: for he
maketh his sun to rise on the evil
and on the good, and sendeth
rain on the just and on the
unjust.”
Christ is the most perfect embodiment of God.
Where does he stand?
25. Christian Attitudes to War
Christian attitudes to war have
generally fallen into one of three
groups –
The Holy War or Crusade
The Just War
Pacifism
26. Holy War
In Old Testament times validation for a “Holy War”
came from God
Ancient Israelites believed that God had told them
what to do and how to fight. They believed:
God was their supreme commander
Frequently all people they conquered, including
women & children, were to be completely
exterminated
An Example: 1 Samuel 15:2-3
2 Thus says the Lord of hosts, "I will punish the Amalekites
for what they did in opposing the Israelites when they
came up out of Egypt.
3 Now go and attack Amalek, and utterly destroy all that
they have; do not spare them, but kill both man and
woman, child and infant, ox and sheep, camel and donkey.'
27. The idea of holy war has from
time to time also appeared in
Christian history as crusades.
They mainly centred on the Holy
Land of Palestine (Israel)
Crusaders wanted to recover the
Holy Land from the Muslims.
They had the support of the
Christian Church
The Church promised eternal life
to all Christians who fell in
battle.
The crusaders were frequently
like bands of thugs who raped and
butchered as they went.
Holy War in the Form
of Christian Crusades
(1095-1291)
Crusaders attack Jerusalem, 1099
28. War is not good – but sometimes it is better
than refusing to go to war. The just war is
the idea that war can be fought on the side
of justice.
Early Roots of Just War Theory:
St. Augustine (354-430) said Christian love required the
defence of an innocent neighbour from attack. That
was just.
29. Expansion of Just War Theory
Thomas Aquinas (1225-74) stated some conditions:
The war must be started & controlled by the state
There must be a just cause – those attacked must deserve it
The war must promote good or avoid evil. Peace & justice must
be restored afterwards
Other Christians have added further conditions
Right intention. It should be done for the cause of justice and
not for self-interest.
The war must be the last resort
Innocent civilians should not be killed.
The good gained by the victory must be greater that the evil
which led to the war
30. Pacifists are against war and believe that all issues
should be solved by peaceful means. Pacifists refuse to
carry arms and to wage war, even in defence of their
own country.
Ex. Quakers, Many Mennonites
They emphasize the words of Jesus in Matt 26:47-53 that those who live by
the sword will die by the sword (violence produces more violence).
In Matthew 5:9, Jesus said: “Happy are the peacemakers, for they will
be called the children of God”
31. Which attitude is the
Right One?
The Holy War or Crusade
The Just War
Pacifism
32. Pacifism ignores the full range of biblical texts
The Just War Theory does not pay enough
attention to Jesus and his words, or it takes his words
and confines them to interpersonal relations, a future
eschatological age, or to unattainable ideals.
Most Christians reject Holy Wars, Good versus Evil
33. Most Christians follow the
National Interest
they support and fight whatever war the
governments choose, using the Just War
Theory as justification without actually
following its precepts.
The bombing of London, the firebombing of Dresden and
the atomic bombing of Hiroshima would not meet the
tests of a Just War Theory.
Today the majority of war causalities are
civilians. This also does not fit the Just War Theory.
34.
35. SDAs and the Tangled Web of War
Practice
Seventh-day Adventists
have moved from a pure
combatant stance when
drafted into service, to
a non-combatant
position and on to a
non-combatant
recommendation
without a church
requirement to be a
non-combatant.
Official Position
“It is therefore right and proper for
Christians to promote peace. The
Seventh-day Adventist Church urges
every nation to beat its swords into
plowshares" and its "spears into pruning
hooks" (Isa. 2:4)…
In a world filled with hate and struggle,
a world of ideological strife and of
military conflicts, Seventh-day
Adventists desire to be known as
peacemakers and work for worldwide
justice and peace under Christ as the
head of a new humanity. ”
This public statement was released by the General
Conference president, Neal C. Wilson, after consultation with
the 16 world vice presidents of the Seventh-day Adventist
Church, on June 27, 1985, at the General Conference session
in New Orleans, Louisiana.http://www.adventistchaplains.org/conscientious-objection-and-noncombatancy
