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Oil Price Drivers
       Derivatives Forum II                Νικόλας Κοντινάκης
       Αθήνα, 21 Δεκεμβρίου 2012
Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012         Φυσικός, MSc    1
Η τιμή του πετρελαίου




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012         2
Είναι η αλληλεπίδραση τιμής πετρελαίου <‐> 
        οικονομικής ανάπτυξης τόσο απλή;




                                          Πηγή: ΕΙΑ

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012               3
Ερωτήματα

    • Ποιοι παράγοντες επηρεάζουν την τιμή του 
      αργού;
         – Προς τα πάνω ή προς τα κάτω
    • Εκθέσεις και γεγονότα που «δείχνουν» τις 
      αλλαγές μιας σημαντικής αγοράς
         – IEA World Energy Outlook 2012
         – EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2013
         – Χρήση Brent ως δείκτη από την EIA / Αλλαγή 
           benchmarks από Άραβες
         –…

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                  4
Πάνω: Πόσα χρειάζονται οι οικονομίες των 
               κρατών‐παραγωγών;




                                          Πηγή: TOTAL




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                 5
Πάνω: Πόσο στοιχίζει η παραγωγή ανά 
                      περιοχή ;




                                          Πηγή: IEA




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012               6
Πάνω: Πόσο στοιχίζει η παραγωγή ανά 
                     τεχνολογία;




                                                Enhanced oil
                                                recovery




                                          FSU

             OPEC Middle East




                                                               Πηγή: LCM Research




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                                             7
Πάνω: Η πλεονάζουσα ικανότητα 
             παραγωγής του ΟΠΕΚ έχει μειωθεί
                                                      Mb/d




                                          Πηγή: IMF


Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                      8
Πάνω: Η ζήτηση στις αναπτυσσόμενες 
               χώρες δείχνει ανελαστική




                                          Πηγή: CGES




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                9
Πάνω: Περιβαλλοντική νομοθεσία 
                  προϊόντων πετρελαίου




                                          Πηγή: Salvatore Carollo




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                             10
Υπάρχει κάποιος παράγοντας που να 
       δείχνει προς την αντίθετη κατεύθυνση;


Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012        11
Κάτω: Αύξηση παραγωγής ΗΠΑ από μη 
                συμβατικά κοιτάσματα



                                          tcf
Mb/d




                                                Πηγή: EIA




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                     12
Κάτω: Αύξηση παραγωγής από Ιράκ




                                          Πηγή: IEA




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012               13
Κάτω: Μείωση ζήτησης λόγω οικονομικής 
                     κρίσης




                                          Πηγή: NEF


Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012               14
Κάτω: Μείωση κατανάλωσης λόγω 
           πολιτικών ενάντια στην κλιματική αλλαγή

 Εκπομπές CO2 από χρήση ενέργειας   Ζήτηση ενέργειας – μη ΟΟΣΑ            Ζήτηση ενέργειας ‐ ΟΟΣΑ

  Billion tonnes




                                                                 Quadrillion BTUs




                                                                                          Πηγή: ΕΧΧΟΝ


Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                                                                 15
επιπλέον…



Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012   16
Οι αγορές πετρελαίου μετατρέπονται σε 
                 οικονομικές αγορές;




                                          Πηγή: Bloomberg

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                     17
Συσχέτιση διαφορετικών αγορών 
                        προϊόντων




                                               Πηγή: ΕΙΑ

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                    18
Συσχέτιση αγοράς πετρελαίου με άλλα 
                 οικονομικά εργαλεία




                                           Πηγή: ΕΙΑ

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                19
Μοντέλο αγοράς




                                              Πηγή: Salvatore Carollo



Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                                 20
Πως διαμορφώνεται η αγορά του πετρελαίου;



                                     Αγορές
                                   παραγώγων




                                                     Αγορές
           Αγορές                                   προϊόντων
            αργού                         ∆ιύλιση
                                                    πετρελαίου
          πετρελαίου




Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                          21
Μία πρόβλεψη(;)

                 $ 2011




                                               Πηγή: IMF

Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012                    22
Ευχαριστώ για την προσοχή σας!


Derivatives Forum II, Αθήνα, 21/12/2012   23

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Oil Price Drivers