Challenges in iptv technologies

1. Challenges in IPTV Technologies
N N Maurya

2. Convergence
 Triple Play =
TV + Internet +
Phone
 Voice, Video and
Data

3. IPTV =(IP) + (TV) ?
 Internet Protocol + Television
 Closed and managed network
 IPTV is a secure closed system with
premium content and managed QoS,
particularly for video
 Internet TV
 Best effort video service
 Video on demand (Push and pull)

4. Why IP Video?

5. What is IPTV?
 To Broadcasters,
 IPTV (or broadband television) is simply “ a new
emerging platform for distributing digital
television channels to home consumers using a
TV screen”
 To Telecom Industry,
 IPTV is synonymous with a new opportunity to
take part in an attractive and dynamic media
market
 To Content Producer,
 A new way to reach consumers and generate
increased revenue and profits

6. Why IPTV ?
 Bandwidth efficient towards the access
network
 Channel switching is performed in the network
 Infinite number of channels
 Interactive (two-way)
 Bi-directional: IP Transport
 anything, any time, any where, any device
 Time Shifted TV
 Signal are purely digital

7. Bandwidth Requirements: IPTV
IPTV with MPEG-2 compression
 Standard Definition 3.5Mbps
 High Definition 19.3Mbps
 IPTV with MPEG-4 compression
 Standard Definition 2.0Mbps
 High Definition 8.0Mbps

8. Bandwidth Requirements: Triple Play

9. Drivers Shaping IPTV’s Future

10. Typical IPTV System

11. IPTV Terms Relative to Normal TV
 Waiting Time
 Delay (IPTV)
 Channel changing time (zapping)
 Buffering
 QoS
 QoE

12. Understanding Delay
Propagation Delay
Processing Delay
Queuing Delay
Compression Delay
Transmission Delay
Electronic Delay
Resynchronization Delay
Decompression Delay
Presentation Delay
SENDER SIDE NETWORK RECEIVER SIDE
 Delay is the amount of time that a packet
takes to travel from the sender’s application to
reach the receiver’s destination application
Caused by codecs, router queuing delays, …

13. Components of IPTV

14. Functional Architecture of IPTV
 IPTV Reference Model

15. Functional Architecture of IPTV…
 General Architecture of IPTV

16. Service Models

17. Distribution Protocols
 Multicast
 Internet Group Management Protocol
(IGMP) – Join/Leave
 Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)

18. IPTV Network Distribution Technology
 Through a network built with fiber
 Via an DSL network
 Via a cable TV network
 Via a satellite based network
 Via a fixed wireless broadband connection
 Via the Internet

19. New Technologies: The Challenges
 IPTV requires new technology in
 Access networks
 Compression
 Middleware
 Customer premises equipment (CPE)
 Improved codec, access, server, & CPE technology:
 MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) next generation codec
improvements
 New ADSL2+, VDSL2, FTTx, DOCSIS 3.0 access
technologies
 IP enabled Set top Box
 Digital Right Management (DRM)

20. Emerging Technology: Layered Multicast
 Receiver-based schemes
 The source sends data in each layer without
regarding to network situation
 Receivers increase/decrease their receiving rates by
constantly join/leave a layer
 Coarse control
LeaveJoin
Join interval Leave intervalReceiverSource
Data
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3
Layer 4
~
1 layer = 1 multicast group

21. Emerging Technology: Layered Multicast…
 Receivers having more capacities join more layers
Receiver 1 Receiver 2
Source
Router
1Mbps 2Mbps
1Mbps
1Mbps
1Mbps
=2Mbps
 For instance : MPEG
video transmission
I frame = layer 1
P frame = layer 2
B frame = layer 3

22. IPTV Network Architecture

23. IP Set Top Boxes (IP-STB)
 Interfaces between subscriber and IPTV service

24. Set Top Box (STB) Data Flow

25. Telco IPTV Network Hierarchy

26. Telco IPTV Network Architecture

27. Microsoft IPTV Edition 1.0

28. Microsoft IPTV Edition 1.1

30. IPTV -“NO” Limitation Media
 IPTV and Broadband Multimedia Services
crosses the limitations of the Cable &
Satellite medium
 “PRACTICALLY NO LIMIT “ for
Television/ Video content
 If the Infrastructure is updated – The
Robustness of IP is the Robustness of this
platform

31. Evolution: THREE stages

32. Standards

33. End-user QoE Types
 Streaming QoE
 End-user QoE affected just by voice and video
impairments
 Video frame freezing
 Voice drop-outs
 Lack of lip sync between voice and video
 Interaction QoE
 End-user QoE also affected by additional interaction
effort in a conversation
 “Can you repeat what you just said?”
 “This line is noisy, lets hang-up and reconnect…”

34. History of the Media
Capturing
device
Transmission
Receiver
Medium
Camera
TV
Air
Cable
Satellite
TV
PC
PC
WWW
(Tel.netz)
Internet
Microp
hone
Radio
Wave
Cable
Satellite
Radio
PC
Paper
Truck
Train
Print

35. Media Today
Video
on-demand
Print
(on demand)
Web -
Radio
WWW
(HTML)
TV
(Live)
Broadband
UMTS / ADSL
IP over TV
Mediaserver
Cinema Working place
electronical
paperLiving room mobile
device
small unit
(Telephone
Clock with
MPEG-
Player)
Cinema
Medium
Transmission
Receiver
Compression

36. ISO OSI reference model
 The seven layers
 Each layer hides complexity of lower layer
 Layering enforces modularity

37. End-to-end layer: top 4 OSI layers
Network layer: OSI network layer
Link layer: bottom 2 OSI layers
A-P-S-T (top 4 layers) are
implemented in software
N-D-P (bottom 3 layers) are
implemented in hardware

38. The seven layers ………….
 Network layer
 Concatenate logically a set of links to form an
end-to-end link.
 Compute a route
 Segmentation and reassembly
 Unique network-wide addresses – IP addresses
 The beauty of IP is that we can layer it over
any data link layer technology
 type-of-service in the IP

39. The seven layers ………….
 Transport layer
 Create the abstraction of an error-
controlled, and flow-controlled, end-to-
end link
 Multiplex multiple applications to the
same end-to-end connection
 Port number

40. The seven layers ………….
 Best-effort network layer
- drops packets
- delays packets
- reorders packets
- corrupts packet contents
 Many applications want
reliable transport
- all packets reach receiver…
- …in order they were sent
- no data corrupted
- “reliable byte stream”
 Need a transport protocol,
e.g., Internet’s Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP)