25. Environmental uncertainty
the process of strategic planning has been affected by
environmental uncertainty. Environmental uncertainty
can be categorized in four levels as following:
level 1: Clear enough future: Single view of the future;
level 2: Alternative future: Limited set of possible
future outcomes, one of which will occur;
level 3: Range of futures: Range of possible future
outcomes; and
level 4: True ambiguity: No range of possible future
outcomes
(Davenport et al., 2006)
61. منابع
7. Saeed Fallah Tafti et al. (2012). Explaining Evolutionary Trend of
Strategic Planning from Traditional Economy to Innovation
Economy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 58. 56 – 65
8. Davenport. T., Leibold, M., & and Voelpel, S. (2006). Strategic
management in the innovation economy. Gibbert, M., Leibold. M., &
Probst, G. (2002). Five styles of customer knowledge management
and how smart companies use them to create value. European
Management Journal, 20(5), 459-469
9. Clay Dibrell et al. (2014). Linking the formal strategic planning
process, planning flexibility, and innovativeness to firm performance.
Journal of Business Research. V 68. 9, Pp 2000–2007
10. A.M. Kostin et al. (2011). A novel rolling horizon strategy for the
strategic planning of supply chains. Application to the sugar cane
industry of Argentina. Computers and Chemical Engineering 35. Pp
2540– 2563