1. The MiddleThe Middle
AgesAges

2. Early Middle AgesEarly Middle Ages

3.  Decline of Roman EmpireDecline of Roman Empire
 Rise of Northern EuropeRise of Northern Europe
 New forms of governmentNew forms of government
 Heavy “Heavy “RomanizationRomanization” (religion,” (religion,
language, laws, architecture,language, laws, architecture,
government)government)

4.  Dark AgesDark Ages (500 CE- 1000 CE)- scholars named this(500 CE- 1000 CE)- scholars named this
as a time when the forces of darkness (barbarians)as a time when the forces of darkness (barbarians)
overwhelmed the forces of light (Romans)overwhelmed the forces of light (Romans)
 Rise of influence ofRise of influence of barbariansbarbarians as Roman Emperorsas Roman Emperors
had granted barbarian mercenaries land with thehad granted barbarian mercenaries land with the
Roman Empire in return for military service and it wasRoman Empire in return for military service and it was
these barbarians who eventually became the newthese barbarians who eventually became the new
rulersrulers

6. Warriors and Warbands in the WestWarriors and Warbands in the West
 Period of change in Western Europe asPeriod of change in Western Europe as
barbarians were migrating in to areas given upbarbarians were migrating in to areas given up
by Romansby Romans
 As more barbarians moved westward, otherAs more barbarians moved westward, other
tribes were forced to movetribes were forced to move
 Groups categorized by languages and little elseGroups categorized by languages and little else
 CelticCeltic: Gauls, Britons, Bretons: Gauls, Britons, Bretons
 GermanicGermanic: Goths, Frank, Vandals, Saxons: Goths, Frank, Vandals, Saxons
 SlavicSlavic: Wends: Wends

9. The Holy RomanThe Holy Roman
Empire & CharlemagneEmpire & Charlemagne
 CharlemagneCharlemagne (Charles the Great) was a(Charles the Great) was a
military general andmilitary general and “Emperor of the“Emperor of the
RomansRomans””
 Charlemagne became the first ruler of theCharlemagne became the first ruler of the
Holy Roman EmpireHoly Roman Empire, a dynasty that would, a dynasty that would
last for more than 700 yearslast for more than 700 years
 CharlemagneCharlemagne- imposed order on empire- imposed order on empire
through the Church and state.through the Church and state.
 All these promoted education and scholarsAll these promoted education and scholars
and produced a precise written languageand produced a precise written language
(Latin)(Latin)

11. HighHigh
MiddleMiddle
AgesAges

12.  Norman ConquestsNorman Conquests & William the Conqueror& William the Conqueror
 The Feudal systemThe Feudal system
 The CrusadesThe Crusades
 King John and the Magna CartaKing John and the Magna Carta
 The rise of ParliamentThe rise of Parliament
 Edward I and WalesEdward I and Wales

13. Birth of Modern LanguagesBirth of Modern Languages
 Development of Middle AgesDevelopment of Middle Ages
 New languages born through migration,New languages born through migration,
resettlement, conflict and changesresettlement, conflict and changes
 Old English (Anglo Saxon) began toOld English (Anglo Saxon) began to
incorporate words borrowed from Latinincorporate words borrowed from Latin
and Old French, Old German and Oldand Old French, Old German and Old
NorseNorse
 Roots of contemporary Spanish, ItalianRoots of contemporary Spanish, Italian
and other Romance languagesand other Romance languages

14. New Ideas and CultureNew Ideas and Culture
 Effects of CrusadesEffects of Crusades
 Guild and communesGuild and communes
 Towns, cities and manorsTowns, cities and manors
 New thinkers (Thomas Aquinas) and writersNew thinkers (Thomas Aquinas) and writers
 Creation of universitiesCreation of universities
 New art and architecture (gothic, castles)New art and architecture (gothic, castles)
 Knighthood and chivalryKnighthood and chivalry
 Courtly entertainment (fables, playwrights)Courtly entertainment (fables, playwrights)

15. Late Middle AgesLate Middle Ages

16. The Black DeathThe Black Death
The Peasants RevoltThe Peasants Revolt
The War of the RosesThe War of the Roses

17. Ideas, Inventions and Key FiguresIdeas, Inventions and Key Figures
Roger Bacon (gunpowder)Roger Bacon (gunpowder)
Luca Pacioli (Father of Accounting)Luca Pacioli (Father of Accounting)
Johannes Gutenberg (printing press)Johannes Gutenberg (printing press)
Christine de Pisan (writer); GeoffreyChristine de Pisan (writer); Geoffrey
Chaucer (writer)Chaucer (writer)
Joan of Arc (Hundred Year’s War)Joan of Arc (Hundred Year’s War)
Pope Urban II (indulgences)Pope Urban II (indulgences)
Parliamentary Government in EnglandParliamentary Government in England