1. Argument

2. Argument
an attempt to persuade
someone of something, by
giving reasons or
evidence for accepting a
particular conclusion

3. T
h
e
G
r
e
e
k
s

4. Rhetoric

5. Rhetoric
The ways we influence what people do, think, or say.

6. The Tree of Rhetoric

7. The Tree of Rhetoric
Logos

8. The Tree of Rhetoric
Pathos
Logos

9. The Tree of Rhetoric
Pathos
Logos
Ethos

10. Logical

11. Logos
Syllogism:
All students want to Learn
Brenda is a Student
Brenda Wants to Learn

12. Logos
Commonplace--Audience already
Enthymeme:
believes this
All students want to Learn
Brenda is a Student
Brenda Wants to Learn

13. Logos
Deductive Reasoning: Reasoning from Principles
We all know that freedom is better than
slavery, so a freer school system is clearly
better for all
Inductive Reasoning: Reasoning from Experience
In every school system we studied, those with
later start times had better attendance and
Test Scores

14. Logos
Cause/Effect:
If we start school later, Students will learn more

15. The Tree of Rhetoric
Pathos

16. Emotional

17. Pathos
How we appeal to the feelings of our audience in order to
move them.

18. Emotional
Fear, Discrimination, Revenge
Love, C harity, Brotherhood

19. Emotional
Use of Figurative Speech: metaphors, rhetorical questions,
parallelism

20. Is Pathos more or less
Effective/Fair
than Logos in Argumenation?

21. The Tree of Rhetoric
Ethos

22. Credibility

23. Credibility
Persuading by convincing the audience that the speaker is
worth listening to

24. Credibility
Trustworthiness

25. Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity

26. Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge

27. Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge
Expert Knowledge

28. Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge
Expert Knowledge:
I want to convince the principal to let students wear
political messages on their t-shirts. Which ethos issues
should I consider?

29. The Tree of Rhetoric
Logical
Emotional
Credibility

30. Classical Greek
Oratory

31. Classical Oration
Introduction (Exordium):
I beginning the web, draw interest
Narration (Narratio): factual info,
Never define the problem
Confirmation (Confirmatio): detail
Called about the arguments, the nuts and
bolts of your case
Refutation (Refutatio): addresses
Rhetoric counter-arguments, consider
audience
Conclusion (Peroratio): satisfying
Crazy close