Reference architecture dir and es - final

ARCHITECTURE | Director
www.citrix.com
Reference Architecture:
Director and EdgeSight
Configuration Guide for setting up Director and Insight Center

Director and EdgeSight Reference Architecture Page |2
Table of Contents
Table of Contents...............................................................................................................................................2

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................3

Solution Architecture.........................................................................................................................................4

Configuration of Director.................................................................................................................................4

Installation and Configuration of NetScaler Insight Center......................................................................10

Connecting to Insight Center.........................................................................................................................12

Using Director and EdgeSight .......................................................................................................................13

Monitoring Service...........................................................................................................................................23

Grooming of the XenDesktop Monitoring Service Database ..................................................................24

Appendix 1 ........................................................................................................................................................27

Key Contributors..............................................................................................................................................28

Disclaimer..........................................................................................................................................................28

Introduction
Citrix Director with EdgeSight provides a complete troubleshooting window to quickly resolve
issues around desktops or applications. Previous versions of XenApp leveraged EdgeSight, while
XenDesktop deployments looked to Director for assistance. Starting in XenDesktop 7, these two
great technologies have been merged into one central point for troubleshooting.
The purpose of this document will be to provide you an overview of all the necessary parts required
to give your company a holistic view. With this being a new product with new features, this
document will provide administrators the tools to feel comfortable moving forward with monitoring
of a XenDesktop 7 deployment.
This document will cover the configuration of the Director server, as well as how to interface with
the Insight Center provided from our NetScaler product line. For more of an overview of the
EdgeSight product, please reference the whitepapers found at www.citrix.com/xendesktop.

© 2013 Citrix
Director
EdgeSightTM+performance+management+ Historical Trends and Analytics
Managing and optimizing capacity
Network(
EdgeSightTM+network+analysis+
HDX Insight
Isolating and managing network performance
Advanced/EnterprisePlatinum
NetScaler
Integration
Network(
XD/XA Site B
Desktops(Desktops(Desktops(Users(
Desktops(Desktops(Desktops(Desktops(
Desktops(Desktops(Desktops(Apps(
Desktops(Desktops(Reports(
XD/XA Site B
XD w/Apps
Site B
XD w/Apps
Site A
XD w/Apps
Site C
Network(
Director
Help Desk and Troubleshooting and Environment health

Solution Architecture
The topology map below (Image 1.1) shows an overview of the components and ports used in the
Director framework. (Note: End user workflow is not noted). Director is a visualization
aggregation point for metering of the Citrix User Experience brought by a culmination of Citrix
virtualization technologies. EdgeSight Network Inspector provides visibility into the network facet
of the end-to-end communication between the Receiver and the XenDesktop environment(s). The
EdgeSight Network Inspector information is provided from the Insight Center virtual server.
The Director framework integrates with your current Active Directory environment. Allowing for
the configuration and setup of delegated administration to aid in expedited resolution of your
customers issues.
Image 1.1: Overview of the complete Director topology.
Configuration of Director
Overview
This section will cover the installation and configuration of Director. The monitoring database that
Director communicates with is installed and configured upon the installation of the core

XenDesktop feature set. Historical data is retained in the monitoring database, which is a SQL
database. During the installation of XenDesktop 7, the monitoring service database, configuration
logging database, and the Desktop Delivery Controller (DDC) database are installed in a single SQL
database. For production environments, it is recommended as a best practice to separate the
monitoring database from the DDC and Configuration Logging databases. This is to lessen the
potential performance impact to the DDC that can be caused by the frequent activity to the
monitoring database. When conducting a proof of concept, it is useful to take advantage of the out
of the box default of the combined databases.
Standalone Installation
By default, Director is installed as a web site on the DDC and is configured with “localhost” for the
server address. For larger environments it is recommended to install Director on a separate IIS
server. Use the XenDesktop Installer for a standalone installation of Director.
Click on the Citrix Director option (image 2.1)
Image 2.1

Accept the license agreement (image 2.2)
Image 2.2
As you can see, Director is the only core component being installed. (Image 2.3)
Image 2.3
Provide your fully qualified domain name of the DDC. After doing so, test the connection and
upon a success test, a green check will appear.

Image 2.4
You will be provided the option to input additional DDCs. After entering DDC(s), click on Next.
Image 2.5

Director utilizes Microsoft Remote Assistance to shadow the end user. To allow access to remote
assistance, this feature must be enabled.
Image 2.6
As shown in image 1.1, port 80 is used for communication between the Director and the Broker.
Image 2.7

Once all options and configurations have been selected, the summary and installation screens will
round out the process. To test the Director installation, ensure Launch Director is checked.
Image 2.8
Image 2.9

The screen shot in image 2.10 displays the upgrade notice that will be displayed if a XenDesktop
Platinum license is not detected.
Image 2.10: Director without EdgeSight wireframe
Installation and Configuration of NetScaler Insight Center
EdgeSight provides network analysis by leveraging NetScaler HDX Insight to provide the Citrix
application and desktop administrators the ability to troubleshoot and correlate issues that can be
attributed to poor network performance. NetScaler Insight Center must be installed and configured
in Director to enable EdgeSight network analysis.
Insight Center is a virtual machine (appliance) downloaded from Citrix.com and uploaded to
XenServer. XenServer is the only supported hypervisor, with VMware ESX support following
shortly after the initial release. Using EdgeSight network analysis, Director communicates and
gathers the information that is related to your XenDesktop deployment. This information is
leveraged from HDX Insight, which provides robust analysis of the Citrix ICA protocol between the
client and the backend Citrix infrastructure. For an overview of NetScaler Insight Center, please
refer to the following whitepaper.
Insight Center requires:
• XenServer 5.6/6.1
• NetScaler 10.1 Insight Center VM (downloaded from Citrix)
o Minimum 120 GB HDD

o 2 vCPUs
o 2-4 GB of Memory
• No license is required for Insight Center. However, NetScaler Enterprise or Platinum is
required to enable the HDX Insight feature.
The firewall ports to support an Insight Center deployment are listed above in Table 1.1. It is also
listed below:
• Incoming
o UDP port 4739 for AppFlow records
o TCP port 80 for accessing the NetScaler Insight Center GUI
o TCP port 22 for SSH access
• Outgoing
o TCP port 80 – Port used by Insight Center to talk to NetScaler through NITRO to
gather AppFlow information and other configurations.
The following are a series of screenshots to aid in the setup and configuration of the Insight Center
virtual appliance:
Open a browser and navigate to the IP address that you provided during the initial setup of the
Insight server. Click on the “Get Started” button.
Image 3.1

Input the IP address for the NetScaler. This will be the NetScaler IP, not a Virtual IP.
Image 3.2
Your NetScaler will appear below with a green status light
Image 3.3
Connecting to Insight Center
Once Director and Insight Center are installed and configured, we can complete the association.
This is currently done by leveraging the DOS command line tool DirectorConfig.exe. From the
Director server, start a command prompt in administrator mode to perform the steps displayed
within image 4.1. The machine name will be the FQDN for your Insight Center, followed by the

username and the password that has been established for that account on the Insight Center virtual
machine.
Image 4.1: dos prompt command to configure connection from Director
Using Director and EdgeSight
Overview
After installation and configuration of Director, it is now ready to be launched.
Launching Director can be accomplished in a couple of ways. From the Summary page after
installation (used for testing), through the Windows Start Menu using the Director icon, or through
the website configured when installed on the Director IIS server. Most production deployments will
install Director on its own IIS server. (Note – only one instance of Director can be installed per IIS
server).
Administrators will typically have access to the full Director views per their Delegated Admin rights.
Help Desk will have access to the Help Desk and User Details view. To publish this to the Help
Desk (call center), provide the Director URL. Delegated Admin will provide the default views.
Navigating the Director console
Once the user has logged into Director, they will be presented with the Director landing page.
Administrators will be shown the option to search for users or to choose a site. The Help Desk role
will be limited to the user search field only without an option to choose a site. Below is an example
of an Administrator role landing page view:

Image 5.1
Troubleshooting Dashboard
Citrix provides a troubleshooting dashboard view that provides real-time assessment of the
XenDesktop site. Site health, usage, and performance are shown real-time.
Image 5.2
The information on the dashboard is refreshed every minute. Site failures are highlighted in the gray
panels. These panels show User Connection Failures, Desktop OS Machine failures (VDI, Remote
PC Access), and Server OS Machine failure types (hosted shared applications and desktops). These
panels are designed to provide the administrator the visibility into the health of their site. Each of
these panels will slide down if there are errors detected in the site. Visibility into issues occurring in

the site shown prior to receiving calls from the end users allow the administrator to be proactive,
resolving the issue prior to a major impact to their business.
The Sessions Connected panel shows the concurrent sessions connected in the last hour.
The Average Logon Duration panel shows how the number of logons occurring can affect the
logon duration for the users of that site.
The Infrastructure panel provides infrastructure health alerts. For details and definitions for each of
these fields, please refer to eDocs for XenDesktop 7 Director.
Filters view
Navigating from the Dashboard to drill down into details is simple. The administrator may click on
the failure numbers or the Sessions Connected number and will automatically be navigated to the
Filters view. This Filters view provides the details into data behind each of the numbers. The ability
to dig into details is essential to root cause analysis. Global actions such as Send Message, power
controls, Maintenance mode, etc. may also be performed from the Filters view.
Image 5.3

Trends view
The Dashboard also provides navigation to the Trends view. Clicking on the View Historical
Trends underneath each chart will direct the admin to the Trends view that provides trending over
time. For non-Platinum customers, this view shows the historical trending charts for the date ranges
of the last 24 hours and last 7 days. For customers who have upgraded to XenDesktop Platinum,
this enables EdgeSight performance management that is the longer historical trending data. With
this feature, Admins are able to choose date ranges longer than the last 7 days. Exporting the charts
to PDF and CSV is also supported. Note – all screen shots are examples only, not representative of actual
product.
Sessions
The Sessions trend view enables capacity management. The chart provides the concurrent session
usage over time enabling the ability to size the environment appropriately. This provides business
usage information to management and provides a better understand of the peak usage times. This
answers the question if the environment is being utilized. Each point represents the maximum
number of concurrent connected sessions over the interval specified.
Image 5.4
Failures
When troubleshooting failures, the dashboard shows the real-time view for the last 60 minutes.
When troubleshooting, the admin will want to know what actions may have caused these failures.
Navigating from the Troubleshooting Dashboard (clicking on the View Historical Trends) to the
Trends failure views provides the last 24 hours along with the actions taken by the administrator.
These action indicators come from the configuration logging database and enable the correlation of

what potential actions may have caused the machine or connection failures. Each data point in the
trend represents the total number of failures in the last interval.
Image 5.5
Logon Performance
One of the key measurements of end user experience is the logon duration. How long it takes for
users to login to their applications and desktops tells the administrator how their end users are
faring. The Logon Performance report in the Trends page provides this information over time
enabling the admin to not only see historically the average logon duration for the site or by the
delivery group, but also see the number of logins that occurred during that time range. This is in
order to determine the impact logons into the environment have had on the time it takes for users to
logon. An organization may experience a logon storm with hundreds/thousand of users logging on
per minute during the same time period (For example, think every day at 9:00am). This can impact
the logon duration experienced by these users. Seeing the trending enables the administrator to take
the proactive steps required to prepare the environment for the storm. Each data point in the trend
has the total logon duration averaged per number of logons as well as the breakdown for each step.
Another key feature is the ability to add the Auto-Baseline capability. For Platinum customers this
compares the previous date range as a baseline to the current date range to provide the comparison
of what is “normal” versus what was recently experienced in the customer’s environment.

Image 5.6
Load Evaluator Index
With XenDesktop 7, Citrix introduces Load Management which is differs in functionality that
administrators are familiar with in XenApp. A server’s load index may be the aggregate of:
• Various computer performance counter based metrics, namely CPU, Memory and Disk
Usage
• Session Count
It is designed to indicate how suitable an RDS Worker is to receive a new user session. It is the
Delivery Controller’s responsibility to calculate the load index based on the aggregate of the
normalized load rule indexes generated by the various load rules. As only the Delivery Controller can
determine the Session load, a server’s overall load index is calculated on the Delivery Controller and
not the Virtual Delivery Agent.
In Director, the Load Evaluator Index is shown as compared to the number of connected users on
the XenDesktop delivered application server (RDS). Administrators are able to choose which
metric (Total, CPU, Memory, Disk, Sessions) to compare to the connected users. Each data point in
the trend has the total number of users connected to RDS Workers for the last interval. In Director,
the Load Evaluator Index is converted to a percentage (loadeval/100) and reflected in the graph (for
charting purposes only).

Image 5.7
Network
Once Director has been configured with NetScaler HDX Insight, the Network tab in Trends will
populate with the HDX Insight charts and data. EdgeSight can provide network performance
information from the Director console without having to visit the various consoles in question. This
network information provides the Citrix application and desktop administrator visibility into how
the network may be affecting the users using the XenDesktop environment. Administrators will be
able to quickly find out the latency bandwidth (throughput), jitter, and ICA Round Trip Time
(RTT). Each of these metrics provides valuable insight to the end user’s experience. For example, a
user with high latency and low bandwidth will have symptoms of a slow session. Admins are able to
quickly determine if it is on WAN side or the LAN side, thus pinpointing exactly where to look for a
problem. High jitter affects the client’s video and VOIP experience. ICA RTT is important to
understand the in-session keystroke performance.
Image 5.8

Trends data points
Below is a table listing the frequency of data points for the Trends charts (excluding the Network
tab).
Duration Chart data points Baseline
Baseline
data
points
Last 24 hrs hourly prev 24 hrs hourly
Last 7 days hourly prev 7 days hourly
Last month daily prev month daily
Custom ranges
no
baseline
8-14 days every 2 hours no baseline n/a
15-27 days every 12 hours no baseline n/a
28-180 days daily no baseline n/a
181-366 days every other day no baseline n/a
+367 days every 7 days no baseline n/a
Table 5.1
Customer Care (Help Desk) navigation
Utilizing Delegated Administration in XenDesktop 7, the Help Desk role limits the Customer Care
representative to the Help Desk and User Details views. In order to see other views (such as the
Trends, Dashboard), the Customer Care agent can be given Read-only Admin or a custom role can
be created. Note - The default landing page for the Help Desk role contains the user search field only. Data is
retrieved in real time (except for the various metrics in the logon duration panel) directly from the delivery controller.
New in Director is an Actionable Help Desk view. This view was designed to increase first call
resolution (FCR). Increasing FCR means happy customers. Industry call center average is 1.4 calls
to resolve a customer’s problem. To improve customer satisfaction, resolving on first touch is
extremely important. FCR is the highest correlated metric to customer satisfaction and the opposite
can occur for dissatisfaction.
In the Director Help Desk view, a Customer Care agent is able to perform power control actions,
shadow (Microsoft Remote Assist), reset the user’s profile (Citrix UPM or Microsoft roaming
profiles), or for customers who have deployed Citrix’s Personal vDisk, reset of PVD. Using the
Activity Manager, the Customer Care agent can quickly identify any process or application that is
consuming excessive CPU or memory and end the process or application.
Each of these commands can be controlled through the XenDesktop 7 delegated admin service.

Below is a screenshot of the Help Desk view.
Image 5.9
If the Customer Care agent needs additional troubleshooting detail, navigate to the User Details
view by clicking on the Details button upper right of the page.
This page provides the same actions as the Help Desk view, but with much greater detail. The
screen shots below show the different panels within the User Details view:
Image 5.10
The Session Switcher shows the desktops and applications the user is associated with.
Disk I/O is measured using the performance counters for the Average disk/sec transfer and
Current disk queue length.
Avg. Disk Sec/Transfer: Indicates how fast data is being moved (in seconds). Measures the
average time of each data transfer, regardless of the number of bytes read or written. Shows the total
time of the read or write, from the moment it leaves the Diskperf.sys driver to the moment it is
Session Switcher
Disk I/O

complete. A high value for this counter might mean that the system is retrying requests due to
lengthy queuing or, less commonly, disk failures.
Avg. Disk Queue Length:
Tracks the number of requests that are queued and waiting for a disk during the sample interval, as
well as requests in service. As a result, this might overstate activity. If more than two requests are
continuously waiting on a single-disk system, the disk might be a bottleneck.
The Machine Details panel shows all information about the machine where the session is active.
Session Details indicate all session information. See Citrix eDocs for ‘XenDesktop Director’ for
further descriptions of each field.
Image 5.11
The Logon Duration panel reflects the logon duration (in seconds) broken down in each step. This
allows the Customer Care agent to see the values for the current session (blue bar), compared to the
values for that user average duration (dark gray bar) and compared to that user’s Delivery Group
(light gray bar). The Customer Care agent can quickly see if this is normal compared to the previous
7 days, compared to the Delivery Group average. They are then able to quickly identify any
anomalies. In the image below, the Logon Duration panels are the personalization and HDX
monitor panels.
Image 5.12
The Personalization panel provides actions to reset the user’s profile or PVD. Profile usage and
location are shown along with Personal vDisk usage.
For XenDesktop Platinum customers, an additional panel will show indicating the network health
and usage for the user’s session. Average bandwidth, jitter, latency, and ICA RTT are shown and
help the Customer Care agent understand reasons why the session may be slow.

Image 5.13
Monitoring Service
Director requires a persistent data store to answer key customer questions about desktop usage and
to make comparisons of what is happening now versus what happened historically. The Monitor
Service and VDA Monitor Plug-in will enable Director to efficiently provide system-wide visibility
of usage, connection failures, machine failure states, logon performance, and logon duration details
for a XenDesktop site.
The Monitor Service is a new XenDesktop controller service that collects, stores, and provides
access to metrics. It is built on the FMA Service SDK and adheres to the stateless service model of
the XenDesktop controller services.
The Director dashboard is an aggregate view of activity and problems for the XenDesktop site. The
Monitor Service will supply data for most of what is displayed in the Director dashboard, for
example the Filter and Trends views. From instrumentation in the delivery controller, it will
monitor the session connections and logon durations, recording them historically. It will also
monitor connection failures and machine failure states broken down by failure type and delivery
group.

Image 6.1
Grooming of the XenDesktop Monitoring Service
Database
The Monitor Service collects session usage, logon performance details, and connection, machine and
failure information. Instrumentation in the VDAs and Broker service are being collected by the
Monitor Service as events. These events are pieced together onto a data model that can answer
questions like “Where is all the time being spent during the logon process?”. The data is stored in a
logical monitor database, which can either be in the XenDesktop site database for small
deployments or a separate database for larger enterprise deployments. Grooming ensures that only
relevant data is kept long term. This ensures better performance while maintaining the granularity
required for reporting.
© 2013 Citrix
Event based monitoring and Historical Data
•  Monitors
ᵒ  Session Usage
ᵒ  Logon performance
ᵒ  Connection and
Machine Failures
•  Enables
ᵒ  Historical Trends
ᵒ  Experience Comparison
ᵒ  Access to Details
ᵒ  Exporting data
Broker&
Service&
VDA&
VDA&
VDA&
VDA&
Monitoring&
Service&
Monitoring&
Database&

Data granularity and retention
The granularity of aggregated data retrieved by Director is a function of the time (T) span requested.
The rules are as follows:
0 < T <= 1 hr. uses per-minute granularity
0 < T <= 30 days uses per-hour granularity
T > 31 days uses per-day granularity
Requested data that does not come from aggregated data will come from the raw Session and
Connection information. This data tends to grow fast, and therefore has its own grooming setting
Grooming
The default grooming is set to 90 days. For customers who do not own the Platinum edition,
grooming will begin at day 8 regardless of the default grooming retention. Platinum customers will
need to change the grooming retention to their desired retention days; else the default of 90 days will
be in effect. The grooming settings can be changed via the Set-MonitorConfiguration cmdlet.
Platinum customers should change the default setting of 90 as required.
The following settings are used to control grooming:
Setting
Name
Affected

Grooming

Default
Value
Accessed
via

GroomSessionsRetentionDays Raw session and
connection data
90 days Cmdlet (set/get-
monitorconfiguration)
GroomSummariesRetentionDays Aggregated data
– daily
granularity
90 days Cmdlet (set/get-
GroomHourlyRetentionDays Aggregated data
– hourly
granularity
32 days Monitor.Configuration
Database Table*
GroomMinuteRetentionDays Aggregated Data
- minute
granularity
3 days Monitor.Configuration
Database Table*
GroomFailuresRetentionDays Machine Failures 90 days cmdlet (set/get-
GroomLoadIndexesRetentionDays Machine Load
Index
90 days cmdlet (set/get-
GroomDeletedRetentionDays Deleted
Machines,
Catalogs,
Hypervisors, and
90 days cmdlet (set/get-

Delivery Groups
*Note that modifying values on the Monitor Database requires restarting the service for the new values to take effect. Customers
should not make changes in the Monitor Service database unless under the direction of Citrix Support. Table 6.1

Table size implications
The strategy highlighted above will have the following implications on table sizes:
• Hourly Data: If hourly data is allowed to stay in the database for up to two years. For
example, a site of 1,000 Delivery Groups will potentially grow to:
o 1000 DG x 24 hrs/day x 365 days/year x 2 years = 17,520,000 rows of data
The performance impact of such a large amount of data in the aggregation tables is
significant. Given that the dashboard data is drawn from this table, the requirements
on the database server may be large. Excessively large amounts of data may have a dramatic
impact on performance numbers.
• Session and Event Data: This is the data that is collected every time a session is started and a
connection/reconnection is made. For a large site (100K users) this data will grow very fast.
For example, two years worth of these tables would gather over a TB of data, requiring a
high-end enterprise level database.
By default, the monitoring site (delivery controller), and configuration logging use one database. It
is highly recommended that customers separate each into their own respective databases. Other
than in a proof of concept deployment, the site database should not be used as a monitoring
service data repository. The examples above can potentially cause major performance
impacts to XenDesktop.

Appendix 1
XenDesktop 7.0 Port Table
XenDesktop 7.0 Firewall Port Requirements
Port Description Source Destination
80
Registration and communication of
the VDA with the Delivery
Controller
Delivery Controller
and Virtual Desktop
Agent
Delivery Controller
and Virtual Desktop
Agent
Communication from the Director
to the Monitoring services sub-
system located on the Delivery
Controller
Director and Delivery
Controller
Delivery controller
and Director
7279 Vendor Daemon communication
used for licensing allocation. This
port is configurable
Licensing Server Licensing Server
27000 Default license port that handles
initial communication with Citrix
Products
Delivery Controller License Server
8082 or 443 Console Management port that
listens for connections to
Administrative console
Any License Server
Agent Communication
80 Registration and EUEM
communication to Delivery
Controller
Delivery Controller
and Virtual Desktop
Agent
Delivery Controller
and Virtual Desktop
Agent
1494 ICA protocol Clients Virtual Desktop
Agent
2598 Session reliability Clients Virtual Desktop
Agent
8008 HTML 5 client communication Clients Virtual Desktop
Agent
3398 Remote Assistance Clients Virtual Desktop
Agent
16500-
16509
UDP ports for real-time Audio Clients Virtual Desktop
Agent
Insight Center
80 or 443 Communication to Insight data for
iFrame information access
Director Insight Center
UDP 439 AppFlow communication that
populates the Insight Center
database
NetScaler Insight Center
22 SSH communication from
administrators
Administrators Insight Center
80 Communication for configuration
data
Insight Center NetScaler

Key Contributors
Josh Fleming, Senior Systems Engineer Author, Content Contributor, Reviewer
Jon Eugenio, Senior Systems Engineer Author, Content Contributor, Reviewer
Lisa Green-Berlin, Principal Product Manager Author, Content Contributor, Reviewer
Vernon Jettlund, Senior Software Test Engineer Content Contributor, Reviewer
Kumaresan Rangasamy, Staff Software Test Eng. Content Contributor, Reviewer
Charlie Voong, Senior Software Engineer Content Contributor, Reviewer
Prakash Mana, Principal Product Manager Content Contributor, Reviewer

Disclaimer
THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, AND MAY CONTAIN TYPOGRAPHICAL
ERRORS AND TECHNICAL INACCURACIES. THE CONTENT IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND.
Copyright © 2013 Citrix Systems Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this material in any manner whatsoever
without the express written permission of Citrix Systems Inc. is strictly forbidden. For more information, contact Citrix
Systems.
Citrix, the Citrix logo, and the Citrix badge are trademarks of Citrix Systems Inc. Microsoft and Windows are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other trademarks and trade names
may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products

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