The document discusses different data types including binary numbers, unsigned and signed integers represented in binary, floating point numbers, and logical operations on bits. It explains binary addition and subtraction, overflow, and different representations for signed integers including sign-magnitude, one's complement, and two's complement. It also covers converting between decimal and binary numbers.

1. Chapter 2 - Data Types

13. Unsigned Integers (continued…) Data Types 7 1 1 1 6 0 1 1 5 1 0 1 4 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 2 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 2 2

24. Quiz 00100110 (unsigned int) + 10001101 (signed magnitude) + 11111101 (1’s complement) + 00001101 (2’s complement) + 10111101 (2’s complement) (decimal)

25. Quiz 00100110 (unsigned int) + 10001101 (signed magnitude) (unsigned int) + 11111101 (1’s complement) (signed int) + 00001101 (2’s complement) (2’s complement) + 10111101 (2’s complement) Decimal 00011001 00010111 00100100 -31 11100001 (2’s complement) 11100000 (1’s complement) 10011111 (signed magnitude) 38 + -13 25 + -2 23 + 13 36 + -67 -31

27. Decimal to Binary Conversion 0101 0110 01111011 00100011 11011101 01111101111 Conversions

33. Logical Operations on Bits A B AND 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 A B OR 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 A NOT 0 1 1 0 a = 001100101 b = 110010100 a AND b = ? a OR b = ? NOT a = ? A XOR b = ? a AND b = 000000100 a = 001100101 b = 110010100 a OR b = 111110101 NOT a = 110011010 A B XOR 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 A XOR b = 111110001 Logical Operations

42. Decimal to Hex Examples 12 decimal = 1100 = 0xc 21 decimal = 0001 0101 = 0x15 55 decimal = 0011 0111 = 0x37 256 decimal = 0001 0000 0000 = 0x100 47 decimal = 0010 1111 = 0x2f 3 decimal = 0011 = 0x3 127 decimal = 0111 1111 = 0x7f 1029 decimal = 0100 0000 0101 = 0x405 Hexadecimal

44. ASCII Characters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-9 a-f More controls More symbols ASCII Characters DEL o _ O ? / US SI ~ n ^ N > . RS SO } m ] M = - GS CR | l L < , FS FF { k [ K ; + ESC VT z j Z J : * SUB LF y i Y I 9 ) EM HT x h X H 8 ( CAN BS w g W G 7 ‘ ETB BEL v f V F 6 & SYN ACK u e U E 5 % NAK ENQ t d T D 4 $ DC4 EOT s c S C 3 # DC3 ETX r b R B 2 “ DC2 STX q a Q A 1 ! DC1 SOH p ` P @ 0 SP DLE NUL

46. Displaying Characters ASCII Characters 48 Decimal 58 Decimal 116 Decimal 53 Decimal

49. Review: Numbers… 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 111 110 101 100 011 010 001 000 011 010 001 000, 100 101 110 111 011 010 001 000, 111 110 101 100 011 010 001 000 111 110 101 100 Un-signed Signed Magnitude 1’s Complement 2’s Complement Range: 0 to 7 -3 to 3 -3 to 3 -4 to 3 Review

51. ASCII Characters ASCII Characters