Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
IPv6 Matrix presentation for World IPv6 Launch, June 2012
1. IPv6 Matrix Project
Tracking IPv6 connectivity Worldwide
http://www.ipv6matrix.org
Dr. Olivier MJ Crépin-Leblond – ocl@gih.com
4 June 2012 Update for World IPv6 Launch on 6 June 2012
Page 1 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
2. We are running out of IP addresses
http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html
When we reach this point, it will be too late since
there will be no more “free” IPv4 addresses!
Real time data collected September 2011
Page 2 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
3. World IPv6 Launch
Major Internet service providers
(ISPs), home networking
equipment manufacturers, and
web companies around the world
are coming together to
permanently enable IPv6 for their
products and services.
http://www.worldipv6launch.org
Page 3 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
4. IPv6 Matrix Project
ISOC England was awarded a Community
Grants Programme award in November
2009
Design and implementation of an “IPv6
Crawler,” software on a computer that
crawls through the DNS at regular intervals
in order to detect and test:
IPv6 DNS servers
IPv6 compliant Web servers
IPv6 compliant SMTP mailers
IPv6 compliant NTP servers.
Page 4 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
5. Project Rationale
Today, more than 95% of Internet traffic is generated
by a small number of data sources – i.e. the world’s
busiest Web Sites
Without IPv6 accessible content, IPv6 has no chance
of being used - ever.
Take the 1 Million most popular Web site list from
alexa.com as a starting point for the domains to be
tested. Add more domains later.
Test them for IPv6 connectivity
This is equivalent to testing about 6.3 million hosts
worldwide
Use GeoIP database to estimate real host location
Page 5 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
6. Project Teams
London, UK:
Project Management and support
Hardware supply and installation
Data Centre and IPv6 connectivity
Nile University, Egypt:
Software Programming
Page 6 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
7. Crawler (back
end)
Crawler Model
Name (eth0)
HP DL360p
turtle.ipv6matrix.org ;
crawler.ipv6matrix.org
turtle.ipv6matrix.com ;
crawler.ipv6matrix.com
turtle.ipv6matrix.net ;
crawler.ipv6matrix.net
IPv4 address 212.124.204.162 / 100 Mb/s
(eth0) /
speed
IPv6 address 2a00:19e8:20:1::a2 / 100 Mb/s
(eth0) /
speed
Name (eth1) shell.ipv6matrix.org
IPv4 address 194.33.63.250 / 1 Gb/s (GIH
(eth1) / private address space)
speed
CPU 2 x Dual Core Intel(R)
Xeon(TM) CPU 3.60GHz
RAM 4 Gb DDR2 SDRAM
HD Storage 146 Gb hardware SATA 2-disk
RAID (hot swappable)
PSU 2 x hot-swappable redundant
535W.
Operating CENTOS 5 Linux / updated
System
Page 7 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
8. Web Server
(front end)
Web Server Model
Name (eth0)
HP DL140
elephant.ipv6matrix.org ;
www.ipv6matrix.org
elephant.ipv6matrix.com ;
www.ipv6matrix.com
elephant.ipv6matrix.net ;
www.ipv6matrix.net
IPv4 address 212.124.204.170 / 100 Mb/s
(eth0) /
speed
IPv6 address 2a00:19e8:20:1::aa / 100 Mb/s
(eth0) /
speed
Name (eth1) tusk.ipv6matrix.org
IPv4 address 194.33.63.251 / 1 Gb/s (GIH
(eth1) / private address space)
speed
CPU 2 x Dual Core Intel(R) Xeon(TM)
CPU 3.40GHz
RAM 4 Gb DDR2 SDRAM
HD Storage 2 x 1 Tb fast SATA
PSU Single 500W
Operating System Ubuntu 4.4 Linux / updated
Page 8 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
9. Router
Router
Model CISCO 2811
Operating Advanced IP Services IOS
System
DRAM 64 Mb
Ethernet Ports / 2 / 100 Mb/s
speed
Interface card / MN-16ESW 16 port / 100
speed Mb/s
Page 9 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
14. What are we tracking?
Host IPv6 penetration
Using IPv4 Geo-location coordinates
Includes generic TLD (gTLDs, .com, .net, .org) and
country code ccTLDs
Two types of information:
Infrastructure: DNS + Web + E-mail + Time server
(NTP)
This tracks all of the infrastructure required to run
IPv6 Web services
Web sites only (actual content)
This tracks the Web services themselves. Usually this
percentage is lower than the figure for the
infrastructure
Page 14 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
15. What are we archiving?
Everything that we are tracking on the previous page,
plus:
Testing of connectivity to the above services in case
IPv6 addresses are advertised but no service runs on
them
Tracing of route from London Docklands to each one
of these hosts both using IPv4 and IPv6 – and
archiving all of this information in text format
A lot more data, accessible from the Web site archive
In June 2012, the size of this database in text format is
approx 140Gb and continually increasing (the testing
software runs 24/7)
Page 15 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
16. Data Archives
Selecting Data Archives provides
a link to the detailed information
Table.
Click on “Search”, to go
directly to the Top Level Domain,
or scroll down to the desired
Top Level Domain.
Page 16 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
17. Data Archives
Example Data in Data Archives (stop
at date)
Click on the “+” to the left of the
Top Level Domain to gain
access the sub-menu containing
the dates of all the data runs,
and so on, to reveal results.
year-month-day__hour-min-sec
Page 17 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
18. Data Archives - results
Click on the links to open a
new window containing
all of the detailed results
formatted in a table.
Page 18 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
19. Data Archives - results
Basic IPv4/IPv6 connectivity table
Domain penetration summary table
Geographical IP database
Type of IPv6 access (tunnels etc.)
Trace path, hop count, MTU IPv4 & IPv6
Ping count IPv4 and IPv6
Reverse IPv4 and IPv6
SOA for Nameserver
Service detection for SMTP, HTTP and HTTPs
TLS detection for SMTP
Page 19 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
20. Detailed Data for .AE
Clicked on tcp80_WWW_ae: connection to http port
Page 20 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
21. Using the filter
Use the filter to select by Top Level Domain, or by type of service tested.
Page 21 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
27. Europe Trends
Many countries see a significant rise in
infrastructure
Likely to be caused by a main hosting
provider, installing dual-stack Name-servers
Russia with biggest growth in infrastructure
Slovakia & Portugal still leading with dual-
stack Web sites
Spain catching up.
Country with largest number of dual stack
Web sites in Europe: Germany
Page 27 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
28. Asia Data snapshot
IPv6 Host Penetration 2.13%
6.96%
12.90%
Infrastructure 22.42%
- DNS or
- Web or
- E-mail or 0.20% 1.83%
0.50% 0.22% 2.02%
- NTP 0.47%
2.76% 0.25%
3.70% 0.54% 0.22%
0.90% 2.38%
2.21% 2.66% HK: 2.61%
2.51% HK: 2.49%
Low Sample 0.00% 3.52%
0.00% 3.81%
Low accuracy
0.64% 11.94%
1.84% 0.63% 12.79%
1.89% 3.12% 22.73%
December 2011 3.12% 6.16% 26.32%
7.74%
1.22% 4.22% 0.10%
0.27% 4.57% 0.47% 3.47% 4.16%
4 June 2012 3.84% 4.32%
SG: 25.52%
SG: 24.52%
Page 28 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
30. Previous Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
Order Dec 2011 4 June 2012
1 Singapore 25.52% 24.52% -1.00%
2 Armenia (*) 12.90% 22.42% 9.52%
3 Sri Lanka (*) 11.94% 12.79% 0.85%
4 Indonesia 6.16% 7.74% 1.58%
12 Russia 2.13% 6.96% 4.83%
8 Malaysia 4.22% 4.57% 0.35%
6 New Zealand 4.16% 4.32% 0.16%
5 Australia 3.47% 3.84% 0.37%
7 Philippines (*) 3.52% 3.81% 0.29%
IPv6 Host Penetration 10 Saudi Arabia (*) 2.76% 3.70% 0.94%
9 Oman (*) 3.12% 3.12% 0.00%
11 Taiwan 2.38% 2.66% 0.28%
14 Thailand 2.21% 2.51% 0.30%
Infrastructure 24 Hong Kong 2.61% 2.49% -0.12%
- DNS or 15 Japan 1.83% 2.02% 0.19%
13 Qatar (*) 1.84% 1.89% 0.05%
- Web or 20 India 0.54% 0.90% 0.36%
- E-mail or 17 United Arab Emirates (*) 0.64% 0.63% -0.01%
- NTP 18 Iran 0.50% 0.47% -0.03%
22 Vietnam (*) 0.10% 0.47% 0.37%
16 Pakistan 1.22% 0.27% -0.95%
(*) Low Sample 19 South Korea 0.25% 0.22% -0.03%
Low accuracy 21 China 0.20% 0.22% 0.02%
23 Kuwait (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Page 30 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
31. Previous Country WEB % change
Order Dec 2011 4 June 2012
1 Sri Lanka (*) 11.21% 11.85% 0.64%
3 Armenia (*) 3.49% 5.95% 2.46%
2 Philippines (*) 4.69% 4.56% -0.13%
4 Qatar (*) 3.57% 3.45% -0.12%
5 Oman (*) 3.12% 3.12% 0.00%
6 Saudi Arabia (*) 1.77% 3.06% 1.29%
7 Taiwan 1.49% 1.59% 0.10%
13 Malaysia 1.24% 1.55% 0.31%
9 Indonesia 1.14% 1.40% 0.26%
IPv6 Host Penetration 12 Russia 1.17% 1.22% 0.05%
10 Australia 0.91% 0.98% 0.07%
22 Singapore 0.65% 0.90% 0.25%
11 New Zealand 0.97% 0.89% -0.08%
Web only 24 Hong Kong 0.71% 0.77% 0.06%
15 Thailand 0.38% 0.69% 0.31%
14 United Arab Emirates (*) 0.65% 0.64% -0.01%
16 Iran 0.38% 0.40% 0.02%
20 India 0.14% 0.40% 0.26%
(*) Low Sample 18 Japan 0.28% 0.29% 0.01%
Low accuracy 8 Pakistan 1.22% 0.27% -0.95%
19 China 0.15% 0.18% 0.03%
17 South Korea 0.13% 0.08% -0.05%
21 Vietnam (*) 0.11% 0.07% -0.04%
23 Kuwait (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Page 31 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
32. Asia Trends
Singapore still leading by far in
infrastructure but trailing in dual-stack Web
Site content
Russia with biggest growth in infrastructure
China results abnormally very low – content
not dual stacked or IPv6 behind firewall?
India also low both in infrastructure and
most popular Web sites with dual stack
Less reliability of results due to smaller
sample size in many countries of the region
Page 32 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
33. Africa Data snapshot
IPv6 Host Penetration 36.61%
43.01%
Infrastructure
- DNS or
- Web or
- E-mail or
- NTP
9.52%
9.38% 7.42%
7.17%
Low Sample
10.20%
Low accuracy 9.43%
December 2011
4 June 2012
0.96%
1.01%
Page 33 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
34. Africa Data snapshot
IPv6 Host Penetration 0.00%
0.00%
Web only
10.00%
0.00% 2.78%
2.56%
Low Sample
14.29%
Low accuracy 14.29%
December 2011
4 June 2012
0.41%
0.46%
Page 34 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
35. Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
Dec 2011 4 June 2012
Tunisia (*) 36.61% 43.01% 6.40%
IPv6 Host Penetration Tanzania (*) 10.20% 9.43% -0.77%
Senegal (*) 9.52% 9.38% -0.14%
Kenya (*) 7.42% 7.17% -0.25%
Infrastructure
South Africa 0.96% 1.01% 0.05%
- DNS or
Algeria 0.00% 0.96% 0.96%
- Web or
- E-mail or
- NTP The small number of hosts tested make the results
for most of Africa appear higher than they really are
(*) Low Sample
Low accuracy
Page 35 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
36. Country WEB % change
Dec 2011 4 June 2012
IPv6 Host Penetration Tanzania (*) 14.29% 14.29% 0.00%
Kenya (*) 2.78% 2.56% -0.22%
Algeria 0.00% 1.28% 1.28%
South Africa 0.41% 0.46% 0.05%
Web only Senegal (*) 10.00% 0.00% -10.00%
Tunisia (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
(*) Low Sample The small number of hosts tested make the results
Low accuracy for most of Africa appear higher than they really are
Page 36 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
37. Africa Trends
Many countries now have IPv6
capability, some through tunnels
Dual Stack Islands starting to appear
Can be compared with the growth of
Internet connectivity in the nineties
Page 37 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
38. Compare Historical data on
African Internet Connectivity
June 1994 May 1997
Source: Internetology - http://www.nsrc.org/codes/bymap/ntlgy/ntlgy.htm
Page 38 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
39. North/South America
2.42%
3.30%
IPv6 Host Penetration
Infrastructure 5.81% 3.57%
6.17% 3.57%
- DNS or PR: 7.14%
PR: 6.67%
- Web or 0.53% 4.05%
- E-mail or 0.80% 4.35%
- NTP
0.00%
1.09%
Low Sample 0.93% 2.32%
1.14% 5.89%
Low accuracy
3.70%
4.44%
December 2011 0.30%
0.72%
2.63% 5.41%
4 June 2012 3.42% 0.49% 5.36%
0.49%
0.57%
0.56%
Page 39 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
41. Previous Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
Order Dec 2011 4 June 2012
2 Puerto Rico (*) 7.24% 6.67% -0.57%
4 United States 5.81% 6.17% 0.36%
9 Brasil 2.32% 5.89% 3.57%
3 Uruguay (*) 5.41% 5.36% -0.05%
7 Ecuador (*) 3.70% 4.44% 0.74%
5 Venezuela (*) 4.05% 4.35% 0.30%
6 Cuba (*) 3.57% 3.57% 0.00%
IPv6 Host Penetration 15 Peru (*) 2.63% 3.42% 0.79%
8 Canada 2.42% 3.30% 0.88%
10 Panama (*) 0.93% 1.14% 0.21%
Infrastructure 16 Costa Rica 0.00% 1.09% 1.09%
- DNS or 11 Mexico 0.53% 0.80% 0.27%
- Web or 14 Colombia (*) 0.30% 0.72% 0.42%
12 Chile 0.57% 0.56% -0.01%
- E-mail or
13 Argentina 0.49% 0.49% 0.00%
- NTP 1 Guatemala (*) 100.00% 0.00% -100.00%
(*) Low Sample
Low accuracy For (*) the small number of hosts tested make the results
in many countries appear higher than they really are
Page 41 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
42. Previous Country WEB % change
Order Dec 2011 4 June 2012
3 Ecuador (*) 6.38% 8.75% 2.37%
1 Puerto Rico (*) 7.14% 6.67% -0.47%
2 Uruguay (*) 2.68% 2.73% 0.05%
15 Peru (*) 2.44% 2.71% 0.27%
5 Brasil 1.36% 2.66% 1.30%
4 Venezuela (*) 1.85% 1.83% -0.02%
IPv6 Host Penetration 16 Costa Rica 0.00% 1.45% 1.45%
6 Mexico 0.86% 1.03% 0.17%
9 Colombia (*) 0.31% 0.95% 0.64%
Web only 8 Canada 0.54% 0.61% 0.07%
12 Panama (*) 0.29% 0.58% 0.29%
7 Chile 0.56% 0.56% 0.00%
10 Argentina 0.24% 0.35% 0.11%
11 United States 0.19% 0.20% 0.01%
(*) Low Sample
13 Guatemala (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Low accuracy
14 Cuba (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
For (*) the small number of hosts tested make the results
in many countries appear higher than they really are
Page 42 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
43. America Trends
USA leads in infrastructure but low on dual
Stack Web site (although the figure is 1699
hosts).
Brazil leading in Latin America with 204 Dual
Stack Web Site hosts
Elsewhere, data based on low number of
Web sites, needs to be taken in moderation
(the restricted number of hosting providers
can make figures jump several percentage
points)
Page 43 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
44. Worldwide Trends
We are seeing a slow growth in dual stack IPv4-IPv6
implementation
A decrease in percentage in some countries, points to
unstable peering agreements (the IPv6 network is less
closely meshed than the IPv4 network)
Germany leads the world in the number of Dual Stack
Web sites among world’s most popular Web sites: 14636
hosts out of a sample size of 218 178 hosts tested
Bearing in mind the Asia Pacific Regional Internet
Registry has run out of IPv4 addresses, it is alarming to
see so few Web sites up and running IPv6 in that region,
especially in countries where Internet growth is high,
such as in India.
Page 44 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
45. Problems / Possible Errors
Lots of errors in the DNS – commas, no A, no AAAA
record, looping MX, etc.
Firewalls and security software:
Blocking of network segments
detecting denial of service attack (DoS) by error:
• Unusual UDP traffic. Trace-path / ping, SMTP, HTTP,
Secure HTTP, NTP port testing.
Internet snapshot from one location only
Less accurate results with small input data size (small
number of domains tested)
Disputed accuracy of Geographical IP database
Page 45 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
46. Example: fake IPv6 AAAA record
Country specific results? /P2
These “ipv6” addresses are AAAA records
which pretend to denote an IPv6 address,
(examples from the report / finding
but are actually IPv4 addresses.
errors etc.)
There are plenty of examples of such mis-
configuration in the DNS.
Worse problems are caused by commas in domain
names, ie. www.domain,com as well as IP
addresses returning localhost 127.0.0.1 or ::1 etc.
Comma!
Perform a search for ipv6 field starting with ::ffff
Page 46 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
47. Machine readable output
Command directly to SQL database
http://www.ipv6matrix.org:4444/getTable?crawl=2010-07-18_12-24-48&tld=com&table=WWW_com
It is therefore possible to use an entirely new user interface with the back end database
Page 47 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
48. Future work / funding required
Add more domains to be tested
Add more features to be tested
Current front end Web Pages are only an
example of possible analysis
Develop new data visualisation
Perform further analysis
Perform historical/time analysis from archives
Develop an engine to write automated reports
Duplicate Crawler to other regions
Page 48 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
49. Thank you
Contact: ISOC England – contact@isoc-e.org
CTM
International
Page 49 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org