Trends in instructional technology

Trends in Instructional
Technology: A Scenario of KTTC
Robert Okinda
MIDT - OUM

1.0 Current Trends
2.0 Future Trends
3.0 Uncertainties
8/12/2013 2
Current and Future Trends in Instructional
Technologies

1.0 Current Trends in Instructional Technologies
Current
Technologies
at KTTC
Non-
projected
display
boards Projection
boards and
equipments
Real
things, modi
fied real
things, speci
mens
Reprographic
equipments
Graphics
Print
materials
Audio-
visuals
ICT
Integration
tools
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Technologies

1.1 Current Trends– Presentation Boards
8/12/2013 4
Technologies

1.2 Current Trends– Projection Equipments
8/12/2013 5
Technologies

1.3 Current Trends– Real things
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Technologies

1.4 Current Trends – Reprographic Equipments
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Technologies

1.5 Current Trends – Print Materials
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Technologies

1.6 Current Trends- Graphics
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Technologies

1.7 Current Trends– Audio Visuals
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Technologies

Current trends – ICT Integration Tools
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Technologies

2.0 Future Trends in Instructional Technologies at
KTTC
Future
Technologies
at KTTC
Technologies for
multiple means
of presentation
Technologies for
multiple means
of action and
expression
Technologies for
multiple means
of engagement
Technologies
for
collaboration
Technologies
for web 2.0
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Technologies

• Multiple means of presentation – presentation of
information and content through digital
text, audio, video, still photos or images
• Multiple means of action and expression –
differentiating the ways with which students express
what they know through
writing, speaking, drawing, video-recording or
assistive technology
• Multiple means of engagement – different ways of
stimulating interest and motivating students for
learning through choice of tools, adjustable levels of
challenge, cognitive supports, novelty or varied
grouping
• Technologies for Web 2.0
• Technologies for Collaboration
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Technologies

2.1 Multiple means of presentation
Technology Description and examples of Technologies for Multiple means of presentation
Lesson builder Lesson builder (http://lessonbuilder.cast.org )
Windows on the universe Windows on the universe (http://www.windows.ucar.edu )
Supports for reading Trailfire (website) for marking a trail of websites and for learners to mark sites that are
important to them (www.trailfire.org )
readplease - For increasing access to all visual information/ reading any pasted text
(http://www.readplease.com )
e-text reader - (http://www.readingmadeez.com)
Natural reader - For converting text to audio for MP3 player or for saving highlights from
a book or text so that students can study main points (http://www.naturalreader.com )
Childrens digital library -
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Technologies

Project Gutenberg (www.gutenberg.org ), Bibliomania (www.bibliomania.com ), Readprint
(www.readprint.com ), Bartleby (www.bartleby.com ) and Okapi
Book builder - For creating electronic books (http://bookbuilder.cast.org )
Vocabulary support - (http://www.answers.com )
Wordweb - For definitions and synonyms, proper nouns and pronounciations
(http://wordweb.info/free/ )
Presentation tools Prezi - A cloud based software for building amazing, non linear presentations where you can
zoom in and out of images, videos, words, etc. (www.prezi.com )
Powerpoint -
Evoca – a Podcast ………..
SMARTBOARD – interactive whiteboard tools that can transform classrooms or meeting space
into dynamic learning environments
Animato – a video tool that enables you to create videos from your images (www.animato.com )
iPod – an MP3/Podcast mobile device for listening to music and podcasts in MP3 format as well
as watching videos
Captivate – a demo and scenario tool that creates simulations, software demonstrations and
scenario based training without programming knowledge or multi-media skills
(www.captivate.com )
Audacity – an audio/ podcasting tool that enables recording of sound for presentation
(www.sourceforge.net )
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Technologies
15

ipadio – a phonecast live to the web that allows you to broadcast from any
phone to the internet (www.ipadio.com )
Keynote – cinema quality presentation software (www.apple.com/iwork/keynote )
Tools for screen casting/
screen capture
Jing – for adding visuals to online conversations. You can instantly capture screen
shots and videos and then share them (www.jing.com)
Evernote – a note taking tool that allows you to capture web pages, photos, notes and
screen shots which can then be tagged, stored and found again (www.evernote.com )
Camtasia studio – for recording your screen to create training, demo and presentation
videos (www.techsmith.com/camtasia.asp )
Cumstudio – records all screen and audio activities on your computer for presentation
(www.cumstudio.org )
Captivate – a screen casting tool for creating simulations, software demonstrations and
scenario-based training without programming knowledge or multi-media skills
(www.captivate.com )
snagIt – a screen capture tool that captures anything on your screen, edit, print or
share with students (www.techsmith.com/snagit.asp )
Screenr – enables you to record on your mac or computer and then play on the web or
on the iPhone (www.screenr.com )
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Digital media Activities here include sharing videos, presenting, digital storytelling, discussion trigger,
reflective tool, archiving class activities and digital literacy when part of student work.
Digital media is used as alternative to text orF2F and accommodates alternative learning
styles, allow viewing of materials otherwise not available, allow multimodal/ flexible access to
resources and enable learners at different places to access content at all times.
iTunes– an audio player and site that enables you to listen to music and podcasts as well as
watch videos. Educational podcasts are available at iTunes U. (www.apple.com/iTunes )
iPhone/ iPad Touch and applications – a phone, internet and multimedia device and access
(www.apple.com/iPhone )
UNSW TV -
Web mail Gmail/google mail – a web based email service with many megabytes of storage space for
archiving mail threads
Hotmail -
Yahoo -
Thunderbird -
Outlook – email software from Microsoft
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Technologies
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2.2 Multiple means of Action and
Expression
Technologies for expression provide flexible
models of skilled performance, opportunities
for practice with support, ongoing and
relevant feedback and flexible opportunities
for demonstrating a skill.
• Survey tools
• Concept mapping tools
• graphics
8/12/2013 18
Technologies

Technology Description and examples Technology for Multiple means of expression by
students
Survey tools Used to find out what motivates learners, testing understanding (self-tests),
diagnostic tests (testing prior knowledge), topic focussed testing and feedback
on a course. These tools are used for formative assessment, summative
assessment and for course evaluation. Examples include:
Jack point – online reinforcer survey
Phpsurvey
Zoomerang
Surveymonkey - Survey and questionnaire tool for creating online surveys
quickly and easily (www.surveymonkey.com )
Polldaddy – helps you to get quick feedback from your learners
(www.polldaddy.com )
Respondus
Stumbleupon – a polling and survey tool that allows you to surf the internet
to find great websites, videos and photos
Zotero – a firefox extension used collect, manage and cite your research
sources (www.zotero.com )8/12/2013
Technologies
19

i-lighter (www.ilightr.com )
Concept mapping tools A graphical tool that shows relationships among concepts.
Freemind – (http://freeming.sourceforge.net ), cmap (http://cmap.ihmc.us ),
Mindmeister – a collaborative mindmapping tool (www.mindmeister.com )
Bubble.us – a collaborative mindmapping tool for brainstorming online with colleagues and
students (www.bubble.us.com )
Mind manager – a mind mapping tool that allows you to visually capture, organize and
communicate ideas and information effectively (www.mindmanager.com )
Writing sample analyser Provides learners with alternative support for their writing and enables them to graph their
progress (http://absidian.sktyler.tools/writer/)
Interactive drawing Example here includes imagination cubed (http://www.imaginationcubed.com )
Storybird Used for collaborative storytelling with colleagues or students (www.storybird.com )
Project poster Enables students to create their own web page on their research. Each page can display
one picture, body text and the links with additional information (http://poster.4teachers.org )
Discussion forums In discussion forums, learners reflect, debate, review and build social knowledge. The
rationale for the forum is to enable them to negotiate understanding, have multiple
perspectives and for feedback.
Wimba – for audio discussion and feedback
Seismic – for video discussions
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Technologies
20

2.3 Technologies for multiple means of
Engagement
Technologies for means of engagement offer
learners a choice of content, tools, levels of
challenge, rewards and learning context
• Learning Management Systems (LMS)
• Content Authoring
• Mobile Learning
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Technologies
21

Technology Description and examples
Learning management
systems (LMS) /
Course management
systems
Moodle - A course management system with social functionality
Sakai
Drupal – a content management system that supports a variety of websites ranging from personal
blogs to large community driven websites (www.drupal.com )
Joomla – a content management system for building websites and other online applications
Chesimba
Blackboard – an educational course management system (www.blackboard.com )
Content authoring
tools
Lectora - eLearning software, including authoring software suites, Learning Management Systems
(LMS) and tools for computer-based training (www.trivantis.com )
Atutor -
Bodington -
Articulate – a rapid eLearning suite for creating content (www.articulate.com )
eXe – a course authoring tool that creates SCORM compliant training materials that do not require
one to be proficient in HTML or XML (www.exe.com )
Nvu - A versatile web authoring tool for creating websites that are not structured chronologically
(www.nvu.com )
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Technologies
22

Mobile learning AMULETS (Advanced Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning Environment for Teachers and
Students) (http://www.iamlearn.org/projects/project.php?id=40 )
Astra (http://www.astra-project.net/ )
Cityware – (http://www.cityware.org.uk)
Collage – (http://www.ea.gr/ep/collage)
Catchbob! – a mobile game for running psychological experiments
(http://craftwww.epfl.ch/research/catchbob)
Aviary A suite for online creation of photos, logos, web templates, colour pallets, screen capture,
e.t.c. (www.aviary.com )
Remember the milk A task manager that allows you to manage tasks quickly and easily and works with google
calendar, twitter, iPhone and gmail
Zoho suite An office and productivity tool that includes word processing, spreadsheets and
presentation tools as well as zoho meeting, zoho planner, zoho creator and zoho wiki
(www.zoho.com )
Dreamweaver Web authoring tool
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Technologies
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2.4 Technologies for Web2.0
• These are web applications that support
participatory information sharing,
interoperability, and collaboration
• They include blogs, wikis, video and photo
sharing sites, social networks and social
bookmarking.
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Technologies
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2.4.1 Technology for Social Networks
• Social networks comprise websites that aim at
bringing together individuals or organizations
to share information that is either personal or
professional.
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Technologies
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Technologies for
Social Networks Description and examples
Facebook Facebook is a social networking site with many applications that allow it to be used effectively
for educational purposes (www.facebook.com )
LinkedIn A social network aimed at the professional community (www.linkedin.com )
Ning
Tweetdeck A social software for staying in touch with what is happening, connecting you with your contacts
across twiter or facebook (www.tweetdeck.com )
Twhirl www.twhirl.com
Friendster
Orkut
Myspace
Twitter
ning network formation - A private social networking tool used for creating customised social networks
and communities (www.ning.com )
Elgg network formation
Connexions
Drupal
Wordpress
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Technologies
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2.4.2 Technology for Sharing Documents, Videos
and Photos
• Technologies for sharing documents, videos
and photos allow teachers and learners to
share text and graphics online.
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Technologies
27

Technologies Description and examples
YouTube YouTube is used for hosting, tagging, and sharing videos online
TeacherTube A video hosting and sharing tool for teachers to host, tag and share instructional videos
(www.teachertube.com )
Vimeo A video hosting and sharing tool used by people who are passionate about the videos
they take (www.vieo.com )
Photopeach A photo hosting and sharing tool that enables you to quickly upload photos and make
slideshows, share them or embed them on your blog (www.photopeach.com )
Google docs Google docs are used for creating, storing and sharing documents, spreadsheets and
presentations online for individual or collaborative work
Slideshare Slideshare is used for storing, tagging and sharing presentations with colleagues or
students to create a slidecast
Voicethread A collaborative slideshow tool that allows you to create collaborative presentations by
collecting text and voice comments. It enables learners to acquire communication skills,
presentation skills and critical reviewing. (www.voicethread.com)
Drop.io A file sharing site that makes it easy it easy to share large files (www.drop.io )
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Technologies
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Dropbox A file synching tool used for creating, storing and sharing documents, spreadsheets and
presentations online for individual or collaborative work. If you put your files in one computer,
they will be available instantly in any other computer where you have installed dropbox on
Etherpad A real time document collaboration tool that enables you to work with colleagues or students
real time
(www.etherpad.com ), (www.typewithme.com )
Amplify A content sharing and conversation platform for engaging in conversation about news,
thoughts, and ideas that people share (www.amplify.com )
Scribd A document sharing and hosting site used for storing and sharing documents (www.scribd.com
)
Voicethread A collaborative slideshow tool that enables you to create collaborative presentations by
collecting text and voice comments (www.voicethread.com )
Flickr An image hosting and sharing tool used for storing, tagging and sharing photos with colleagues
or students (www.flickr.com )
Picasa Picasa is used to locate, organise, edit, add effects and share photos with colleagues and
students (www.picasa.google.com )
Toondoo Used for creating and sharing your own comic strips (www.toondoo.com )
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Technologies
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2.5 Technologies for Collaboration
• Technologies for collaboration include wikis,
web conferencing, social bookmarking and
blogs.
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Technologies
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Technologies
31
2.5.1 Technologies for Wikis
• A wiki is a website that allows creation and editing of
interlinked web pages through a web bowser.
• Relevant activities learners engage in while using a wiki
include collaborative writing, group negotiation and
planning, project planning and management.
• The rationale for using a wiki comprises synthesis of
knowledge, negotiation of understanding and having
multiple perspectives.
• Desired learning outcomes arising from using a wiki
consist of working in teams, self-directed learning,
giving and receiving feedback.

Technologies for Wikis Description and examples
wikipedia An online collaborative encyclopaedia written collaboratively by people around the world
(www.wikipedia.org )
wikieducator An online community for collaborative development of learning materials. These materials
are to be re-used, adapted and shared by teachers (www.wikieducator.org )
wikispaces A tool that enables you to create a wiki for collaborative working and learning
(www.wikispaces.com )
PBworks/ PBwiki A collaboration tool that is used for business and education (www.pbworks.com )
Wetpaint A wiki tool that enables you to create free wikis that are simple to start, easy to build and
fun to share (www.wetpaint.com )
Udutu An online authoring tool that allows you to import existent content or to create courses
quickly and easily on your own or collaboratively with others (www.udutu.com )
Tiddlywiki
Mediawiki
Wiki in the classroom A site used to create an environment for learners to work collaboratively. They publish
together and for a large audience
Educational portal sites
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2.5.2 Technologies for Web
Conferencing
• Web conferencing is a service that allows
online consultations, discussions or meetings
synchronously.
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Technologies
33

Technologies for
Web Conferencing Description and examples
Google wave A real time collaboration tool that enables you to communicate and collaborate real time
(www.google.com/wave )
Dimdim A web conferencing system that enables you to deliver synchronised presentations, whiteborads,
and web pages while sharing voice and video (www.dimdim.com )
Adobe connect Web conferencing software that provides enterprise web communication and online collaboration.
It enables archiving of conversations and flexible access to activities. Helps learners to acquire
presentation and oral communication skills (www.adobe.com/products/connect )
Webx A web conferencing tool for web meeting and conferences. Can also be used for interactive
training (www.webx.com )
Voxopop A talk group that enables you to discuss your interests and passions with people using your real
voice (www.voxopop.com )
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Webinar A web based seminar – presentation or workshop that features personal audio and web conference room
with toll free access. A one way broadcast is referred to as a webcast.
(http://www.gotomeeting.com/fec/webinar )
WizIQ A WixIQ offers a rich set of intuitive tools for teaching live and online in virtual classrooms (www.wiziq.com
)
Skype Instant messenger or voice call tool for text and voice messaging with others via the internet.
(www.skype.com )
Yugma A web meeting tool that enables you to hold small meetings. You can whiteboard, annotate and share files.
Skype can also be used for connection
Ustream A live broadcasting tool that enables live interactive video broadcasting to a global audience. It only
requires a camera and internet connectivity (www.ustream.com )
Elluminate A web conferencing tool for live eLearning and web collaboration (www.elluminate.com )
Virtual classrooms
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35

2.5.3 Technology for RSS/ Aggregators
and Social Book-marking
• Really Simple Syndication (RSS), is a way with which
you can subscribe to websites and save time on the
web. Social-bookmarks allow internet users to
organise, store, manage and search for bookmarks of
websites and blogs online.
• Technologies for RSS and social book-marking are used
for sharing and reviewing online resources and for
connecting with outside experts/ communities. These
technologies bring exposure to and awareness of
external activities, conversations and resources. The
desired learning outcomes here include information
literacy and global practice.
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Technologies
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Technologies for RSS and Social Bookmarking
Description and examples
Diigo A social annotation tool where you can highlight, clip and
sticky-note any page and then share it with colleagues or
students
Del.icio.us Commonly used for storing, tagging and sharing
bookmarks (website) online with colleagues or with
students
Google reader A web-based RSS reader to aggregate and manage all
your news and blog feeds in one place
Bloglines A web-based RSS reader and aggregator to keep you up-
to-date with news and blog posting (www.bloglines.com )
Librarything A book cataloguing tool that enables you to connect with
people who read the same things (www.librarything.html )
Bit.ley A URL shortener and tracker that is used for shortening,
sharing and tracking your links (www.bit.ley.com )
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Technologies
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2.5.4 Technologies for Blogging
• Weblogs are interactive websites with attractive,
customizable templates and design for expressing
opinions and other issues about a particular topic
on a regular basis.
• Blogs are used for educational purposes to create
an environment for learners to read, analyse and
post comments related to instructional goals. The
relevant activities learners engage in while
blogging include reflecting, debating, reviewing
(group work) and publishing.
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38

Blog Description
WordPress Simple to use open source platform found at http://wordpress.com
Blogger Simple to use open source platform found at www.blogger.com or www.blogspot.com
Blogger Buzz Simple to use open source platform found at http://buzz.blogger.com
Posterous Using email, you can attach any type of file on it. I t is an open source platform found at
www.posterous.com
Edmodo A private online social platform for teachers and students to share ideas, files, links, events
and assignments found at www.edmodo.com. It is similar to facebook or twitter. Edmondo
mobile can be found at www.m.edmondo.com or on facebook and twitter.
Edublogs This is an easy, safe, reliable and feature-rich blogging site based on the WordPress platform
found at http://edublogs.org . It enables you to easily create and manage student and teacher
blogs, create class publications, post videos, podcasts and documents, facilitate fantastic
discussions and replace paper newsletters. It is also found on facebook and twitter.
TypePad A premier blogging service with a number of pricing plans with extra functionalities like storage
space and scheduling of postings. It is found at www.typepad.com
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Yammer An enterprise microblogging tool with the same functionality as Twitter, but for in-company use.
Staff with the same email domain can join a given network and there are no groups or
community features (www.yammer.com )
Windowslive writer 2011 Windows Live Writer is a desktop tool that makes it easy for you to narrate a concept like a
professional blogger and view the post before publishing to any blog service providers. It is
found at http://explore.live.com/windows-live-writer
Tumbler Tumbler provides microblogging service. Tumble logs are feature rich and blog hosting
platforms that enable you to express yourself. They can be used for sharing text, photos,
quotes, links, music and videos from your browser, phone, desktop, or email. It can be found at
www.tumblr.com
Twitter Twitter is an online social networking and microblogging service that enables you to send and
read text based posts found at www.twitter.com
Facebook blog Facebook blog is an online social networking and microblogging service that enables you to
send and read text based posts found at
http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=10150289612087131
Imbee (www.imbee.com )
haiku (www.haiku.com)
tigid (www.tigblog.org/group/tiged)
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40

Future Trends – Use of Objects and Gestures
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41
By Pranav
Mistry

Clif Mims’s views on Current Trends and Future
Directions of Educational Technologies
• Click on the link below to view a slideshare on
Clif Mims’s views on current and future trends
in educational technology
• http:// Clif Mims - clifmims_com.htm
Accessed on — 05/04/2013
8/12/2013
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2013 Education Technology Trends
• There has been a shift from desktop towards mobile technology, and sales
are slated to keep moving more towards mobile devices.
• Gamification is huge: The market is predicted to go from $2.0bn in 2012 to
$7.4bn in 2015.
• Passive technology use in the classroom (like using a powerpoint) is being
forgone for more interactive technology usage.
• MOOCs: The jury is still out on whether 2013 will be the year of bubble or
bust for MOOCs.
• HTML5 and Tin Can API are gaining more popularity.
• Responsive web design is taking over (to enable usability across a range of
devices).
• The average age of online learners is increasing (27 in 2002 to 34 in 2013).
• There is a huge increase in the global online learning market: They’re
forecasting a compounded annual growth rate of 7.9% from 2012-16.
Source: www.edudemic.htm
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Influential Online Learning Trends in 2013
• Click on the link below to view an infographic
depicting how the e-learning field is turning
out to be the game changer in 21st century
education - from Learning Analytics to the
MOOC movement, and from Gamification to
new Design Possibilities.
• http://knowledgeone.ca/blog/post/2013-e-
learning-trends.aspx
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Future Trends – Alternative Reality
• Second Life
• Serious gaming
• Kaneva
• Small world
• There.com
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45

Future Trends - Micro worlds
- http://www.design-
simulation.com/IP/simulationlibrary/flash-
simulations.php
– http://www.thuleroadtrip.com/thule_trail/thuleTr
ail.html
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Future Trends - Simulations
• http://www.miniclip.com/games/magic-
pen/en/
• http://artpad.art.com/artpad/painter/
• http://www.edumedia-
sciences.com/m198_l2-magnetism.html
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47

Future Trends - Games
• http://www.vivalagames.com/play/massattack/
• http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/content/ani
mals/kidscorner/foodchain/foodchain.htm
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Uncertainties of Educational Technologies
8/12/2013
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49
uncertainties
Derek
Wenmoth
Terry
Anderson
Ray
Schroeder
Stamenka
Uvalid-
Trumbid and
Sir John Daniel

Ray Schroeder highlights three key uncertainties:
• The economic downturn and associated funding of
education - will it turn around? Ray suggests that the
economic downturn is the source of quickening
changes in education in particular governments
reducing financial commitments to supporting higher
education around the world.
• The advent of "faculty-free" universities relying on
assessment of work experience and (perhaps) OER for
learning. In particular the phenomenon of
competency-based assessment for degrees without
instruction.
• The shrinking number of faculty members who create
and update our new learning materials for education.
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8/12/2013
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53
Stamenka Uvalid-Trumbid and Sir John Danielposit OER as
a certainty in higher education and highlight three key
uncertainties:
• Open badges as a new bottom-up certification model.
• Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) reflecting on
the current herd behaviour of higher education
institutions joining the MOOC phenomenon in the
absence of an obvious way for institutions to cover the
costs of development.
• Will online learning fly in the East? referring to
whether open, distance and online learning will ever
become a mainstream delivery model in countries like
Arabia and China.

Uncertainties - Terry Anderson
• Impact of the Internet on two forms of interaction in open
distance learning: The Internet has facilitated radical
reductions in the cost of production and dissemination of
resources to support student-content interactions and
digital technologies facilitate adaptive interactions
impacting on student-teacher interactions and issues
associated with "deskilling" the role of the academy.
• Authenticating and credentialing of learning referring, for
example, to the growing reluctance among learners and
employers to rely on traditional models of assessment for
authentication of learning.
• Impact of social networking on teaching and
learning referring to what might happen when learners
begin to leverage the potential of social media in support of
their learning.
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54

Uncertainties - Derek Wenmoth
Focus shifts from the system to the learner
– Ubiquity - Anywhere, any time and any pace
learning.
– Agency - The "power to act" where the learner is
in charge rather than the school or system.
– Connectedness - Learning as part of a global
network using personal learning networks.
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8/12/2013
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56

Trends in instructional technology

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