Present Perfect

2. The structure of the present perfect
tense is:
subject + auxiliary verb + main verb
has / have “past participle”

3. Examples
I have played
You have played
He has played
We have played
You have played
They have played

4. PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION
For regular verbs in the past participle
is formed by adding-ed Englishman
play -> played
Although we have to take into account
some considerations:

5. Irregular verbs
For irregular verbs must be memorized
its past participle.
Past Participle
Go Gone
Make Made
Verbs ending in -e
It adds only one -d
verbs in past participle
Hope used
excuse excused

6. Structure:
Subject + have / has + not + verb past participle
I've not played well
he has not played well
I have not eaten in two days
She has not eaten in two days

7. Question in present perfect
Interrogative Form
Have / has + subject + verb in past participle?
Have I done?
Have you done?
Has he done?
Have we done?
Have you done?
Have they done?
WH Questions
What have you done?
What have you done?

9. The present perfect is used to:
Actions that started in the past and have not finished yet in this
I have not slept in the past two days
I have not slept in the last 2 days
Actions that began and ended in the past but its effect
continues in the present.
I am not hungry because i have eaten an apple
I have not hungry because I ate an apple
The hue of the example is that while we finished eating the apple, this
action has an impact on the present (not hungry in this for having eaten
the apple)
I have bought a car
(me) I bought a car
The nuance of this second example is that although the act of buying
finished, the car still belongs to us in the present (the effect of continuous
action).

10. Actions that began and ended in the past
but that has placed intelocutor action in
a time interval not finish. This action in a
time interval not finished building
requires prayer present perfect:
Unfinished time interval (Present
Perfect):
I have been in USA This Year
I've been this year in the U.S.
Completed time interval (Past Simple):
I was in usa last year
I was last year in the U.S.