1. KEY CONCEPT New technology is furthering our understanding of evolution.

2. Fossils provide a record of evolution. Paleontology is the study of fossils or extinct organisms.

3. Paleontology provides evidence to support evolution.

4. Molecular and genetic evidence support fossil and anatomical evidence. Two closely-related organisms will have similar DNA sequences. What would you expect to find the differences code for?

6. carried along with functional DNA

8. found in many organisms

11. Remember me? Genotypic Phenotypic

12. Genetic variation in a population increases the chance that some individuals will survive. Genetic variation leads to phenotypic variation. Why? Phenotypic variation is necessary for natural selection. Why? Genetic variation is stored in a population’s gene pool. made up of all alleles in a population allele combinations form when organisms have offspring – How?

15. can be passed on to offspring if in reproductive cells – why not from body cells?

16. Recombination forms new combinations of alleles.

17. usually occurs during meiosis

19. KEY CONCEPT Populations, not individuals, evolve.

21. frequencies decrease toward each extreme value

22. Traits not undergoing natural selection have a normal distribution.

27. Where does genetic variation come from? A. Mutation only B. Both mutation and recombination C. Recombination only D. Mitosis only Correct Answer = B Where is the most common phenotype found in a normal distribution? A. In the middle range B. At the low range C. At the high range D. Equally across the distribution range

28. Where does genetic variation come from? A. Mutation only B. Both mutation and recombination C. Recombination only D. Mitosis only Correct Answer = B Where is the most common phenotype found in a normal distribution? A. In the middle range B. At the low range C. At the high range D. Equally across the distribution range Correct Answer = A

29. Review Paleontology is the study of fossils – it provides evidence for evolution in a predictable fashion Genetics gives evidence of evolution – similar gene sequences are found in related organisms Pseudogenes are segments of DNA that no longer function but give clues to evolutionary history Evolution unites the study of Biology in a similar way as Einstein’s famous E=mc2 unites Physics. Genetic variation increases the chances that some individuals will survive. Allele frequencies measure the variation in a species

30. Review Genetic variation comes from several sources Mutations Recombination Hybridization Populations evolve – not individuals Natural Selection can take one of three paths Directional – moving towards one extreme Stabilizing – moving towards the mean value Disruptive – moving towards both extremes