1. أڇٹيٮو رڈي ذَ Oliver Twist
The Writer
" Charles Dickens "
☻Charles Dickens is an English novelist. He is
probably the most famous writer in England after
William Shakespeare. He is best known for his novels
about life in the nineteenth-century Britain. His works
were characterized by attacks on social evils like injustice
and hypocrisy. Dickens was born on 7 th February, 1812
into a good family in Portsmouth, in the south of England.
☻ Dickens was the second of eight children of a family
which was deeply in debt. When he was still a young boy,
his father went to prison in 1824, because he had got into
debt. He went to London to earn money for the family. At
the age of twelve, he was working for ten hours a day in
a London factory. He saw how hard life was for poor
people and many of the ideas for the stories of his novels
and the characters in them came from this time.
1

2. ☻Dickens came to know not only hunger and
privation, but the evils of child labour. He left school
to work in a factory after his father was thrown into
debtor's prison. Though he had little education, he
worked as a clerk and a newspaper reporter. While he
was working for the newspaper, he was also writing
magazine stories. Instead of using his real name, he called
himself Boz for these stories.
☻Dickens married Catherine
Hogarth in 1836. He wrote 15 novels
and hundreds of short stories. From
his masterworks, "David Copperfield"
(1850), "Bleak House" (1853), "Hard Catherine Hogarth
Times" (1854) , "A tale of Two Cities"
(1859), "Great Expectations" (1860)
and "Oliver Twist" (1838) which we
are going to study this year.
☻In 1858, Dickens went to America to
read his novels to people. In 1857,
Dickens hired professional actresses for Ellen Ternan
". Dickens "The Frozen Deep the play
fell deeply in love with one of the
actresses, Ellen Ternan. He separated
from his wife Catherine, in 1858. When
he decided to marry Ternan, she was
18. When Catherine left, never to see Kent
her husband again, she took with her one child, leaving
the other children to be raised by her sister Georgina
who chose to stay at Gad's Hill. Dickens died in Kent
on June, 9, 1870 at the age of 58.
2

3. Oliver Twist
( Historical Background )
فٺٮيخ ربهيقيخ
☻In the mid-nineteenth century, England was
suffering from economic instability and widespread
unemployment. At this time, cities like London and
Manchester grew very quickly. Large numbers of
people came to the cities to look for work because they
had lost their jobs in the country. Men, women and
children worked very long hours in factories to earn
enough money to live.
☻During this time, England was at war
with France. The English government
had imposed heavy taxes to pay for the
war, and although these did not really
affect the wealthy classes, they were
a burden on the poor. Prices rose, food
became scarce, and the inflation rose.
☻Also because of the war, French and European markets
for English goods were closed, leading to unemployment
among workers. Workers were also unemployed because
the increasing use of machinery in manufacturing had
made many of their jobs outdated. In "Oliver Twist",
Dickens presented a portrait of the terrible childhood of
a considerable number of orphans who were underfed.
Oliver, one of the oppressed children, dared to ask the
master for more food and was severely punished.
3

4. Oliver Twist
ٽٲلٽخ (Preface) )
☻"Oliver Twist", published in 1838, is one of
Charles Dickens's best-known and well-loved works.
It was written after he had already attained success as
a novelist. It has been adapted as a film and has been
considered a classic ever since it was first published.
☻Dickens uses the characters and situations in the book
to make a pointed social commentary, attacking the
hypocrisy and flaws of institutions, including his society's
government.
☻Oliver is an orphan born in a workhouse, and Dickens
uses his situation to criticize public policy towards the
poor in 1830s England. Oliver is nine when the main
action of the novel occurs. Despite being treated with
cruelty and surrounded by rudeness, he is a pious,
innocent child, and his charms draw the attention of
several wealthy benefactors.
4

5. Character Study
Main Characters
قّ يٖبد هئي يَخ
Study
(1) Oliver Twist
☻Oliver, the orphan, was born in a workhouse in a town
in England. He grew under the care of Mr Bumble, an
official from the workhouse. He led a cruel life falling in
the hands of a gang of pickpockets. He was taught to
steal. Oliver was saved from the gang twice. His life
turned to be happy with Mr Brownlow, his first
benefactor after the arrest of the gang.
(2) Mr Bumble
☻He was a minor church official for the workhouse
where Oliver was born. He was proud. He behaved
without compassion towards people under his care. He
took money from Monks, Oliver's half-brother, and let
his wife, Mrs Corney give him the locket which Oliver's
mother had given to her before she died. This locket was
the only thing to prove who Oliver was.
(3) Fagin
☻Fagin took in homeless children and trained them to
pick pockets for him. He was an ugly old man who rarely
committed crimes himself, preferring to employ others to
commit them in his place. In the end, he was arrested and
sentenced to death.
5

6. (4) Mr Brownlow
☻He was Oliver's first benefactor. He was sure that
Oliver was a good boy, but he was sad when he
disappeared with his money and books. Mr Brownlow
was pleased to know that Oliver was innocent and helped
him arrest the gang and get his money from Monks, his
half-brother. Throughout the novel, Mr Brownlow
behaved with compassion and common sense.
(5) Bill Sikes
☻A professional burglar, brought up in Fagin's gang. He
took Nancy as an assistant, and he treated her with
companion of cruelty and affection. His murder of Nancy
was the worst of the several crimes in the novel.
(6) Nancy
☻One of Fagin's pickpockets. Nancy worked with Bill
Sikes. Her work with Sikes and her sense of moral
decency came into conflict when Sikes abused Oliver.
Despite her criminal lifestyle, she was among the noblest
characters in the novel. She helped the arrest of the gang
to save Oliver and offered her life as a price.
(7) Rose Maylie
☻A beautiful, compassionate and forgiving young
woman. She cared for Oliver at her aunt's, Mrs Maylie's
house. Rose was Agnes's, Oliver's mother, young sister.
When Agnes's father died, Rose was sent to live with
a poor family in Wales. Years later she was adopted by
Mrs Maylie. Rose was Oliver's aunt.
6

7. (8) Monks ( Edward Leeford)
☻He was Fagin's friend. He was always looking
around nervously as if he thought people were chasing
him. He looked cruel. Indeed, Monks was Oliver's half-
brother. After his mother had died, a rich relative of his
family left his father a lot of money. After his father's
death, no will was found, so all the money became his.
Monks's mother married again and had a baby, Oliver
Twist. Monks made a deal with his friend Fagin to teach
Oliver to be a thief so he sent Jack Dawkins to bring
Oliver to Fagin. He wanted Oliver to miss the way to his
money.
***************************************************** **********
Other Characters
قّ يٖبد أفوډ
Study
(1) Oliver's mother ( Agnes )
☻She arrived at a workhouse. Her name was unknown
until the end of the novel. She was ill and weak. After she
had born Oliver, she asked to see her baby. She kissed
him and died.
(2) Mrs Mann
☻She was a woman who was given money to look after
the orphans, but she decided that she needed some of this
money for herself. For this reason, the boys never had
very much to eat. She was no kinder to Oliver than she
was to other orphans.
7

8. (3) Mr Sowerberry
☻Mr Sowerberry, the coffin maker, decided that he
needed an apprentice. He took Oliver to start a new
chapter in his life. Oliver ran a way from his house to
London.
(4) Mrs Sowerberry
☻Mr Sowerberry’s wife, she said that Oliver would cost
them much money to feed him. She gave him some old
food that they had not eaten.
(5) Noah Claypole (Morris Bolter)
☻A tall boy with a red nose. He helped Mr Sowerberry.
Noah insulted Oliver's mother so Oliver hit him hard. He
married a young woman called Charlotte and they went
to London. He met Fagin pretending to have a different
name " Morris Bolter ". Fagin promised to keep Noah
and his wife safe and took him in his gang.
(6) Jack Dawkins (The Artful Dodger)
☻A poor boy of about Oliver's age. He met Oliver on his
way to London and took him to Fagin. He tried to
persuade Oliver to join the gang and take things from
people to be rich.
(7) Charley Bates
☻One of Fagin's pickpockets. Charley is ready to laugh
at anything.
8

9. (8) Mrs Bedwin
☻Mr Brownlow's house keeper. She treated Oliver kindly.
(9) Mr Grimwig
☻ Mr Brownlow's friend, he tried to persuade Mr
Brownlow that Oliver was a thief and he wouldn’t come
back from the bookshop where he was sent to pay for
Mr Brownlow's books. He played a role to reveal that Mr
Bumble took the locket and gave it to Monks.
(10) Toby Crackit
☻Bill Sikes's associate. He took part in the attempt
robbery of Mrs Maylie's house.
(11) Mr Giles
☻A servant at Mrs Maylie's house who shot Oliver
during the attempt robbery.
(12) Mrs Maylie
☻The lady of the house which was attempted to be
robbed by the gang. A kind healthy old woman, who had
enough money to help people. She adopted Rose who
lived with her.
(13) Dr Losberne
☻He was called at Mrs Maylie's house to see Oliver who
was wounded. He succeeded to persuade the detectives
that Oliver wasn’t the thief after he had listened to
9

10. ☻Oliver's story. He was chosen with Mr Grimwig and
Harry Maylie to help find Monks and reveal his plans to
take Oliver's money.
(14) Nurse Sally
☻She was a nurse to Oliver's mother when she died. She
witnessed Oliver's birth. On her deathbed, she told Mrs
Corney, who was in charge of the workhouse, a secret.
She gave her the locket that Oliver's mother had given
her before she died. Sally didn’t say anything else about
the locket.
(15) Mrs Corney (Mrs Bumble)
☻She was in charge of the workhouse when Oliver was
born. She had got the locket from Nurse Sally as a proof
who Oliver was. She became the wife of Mr Bumble later
and Monks could get the locket from them for money.
(16) Harry Maylie
☻He was Mrs Maylie's son. He was about twenty-five
and he looked very like his mother. Harry much cared
about Rose. He brought flowers to her room every day
when she was ill. Harry took part in finding Monks and
revealing his plans to take Oliver's money.
****************************************************
10

11. The story in brief
Chapters (1-4)
☻Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse in
England. His mother, whose name no one knew, was
found on the street and died just after Oliver's birth.
Oliver spent the first nine years of his life in a badly run
home for young orphans and then transferred to a work-
house for adults. After the other boys had chosen Oliver
to ask for more food at the end of a meal, Mr Bumble
offered five pounds to anyone who would take the boy
away from the workhouse. Oliver escaped and worked as
an apprentice to Mr Sowerberry, the coffin maker. His
other apprentice, Noah Clypole insulted Oliver's mother,
so Oliver attacked him and hit him hard. Being desperate
, Oliver ran away at dawn and travelled to London.
☻ ڇُٹِلَ أڇٹيٮو رڈي ذَ ٭ى ئ لٕاؽيخ ٭ى ئځغٺزوا. ٭ى اٹ بْه ٣ ڇُعِلَدْ ڇاٹلح أڇٹيٮو
ڇاٹزى ٹټ ي ٦و ٫ أؽل ا پٍچب ، ٵپب أځچب ٽبرذ ٭ڈه ڇلاكرچب لأڇٹيٮو. ٱٚى
أڇٹيٮو اٹز ٤َ ڂٍڈاد الأڇٹى ٽڀ ؽيبرڄ ٭ى ثيذ ٹلأيزبٻ اٹ ٪ٖبه مڇ ئكاهح
يٍئخ صټ اځزٲٸ ث ٦لڅب ئٹى ئ لٕاؽيخ ٹٺجبٹ٪يڀ. ث ٦لٽب ڇٱ ٤ الافزيبه ٥ٺى أڇٹيٮو
ٽڀ عبځت الأڇلاك الآفويڀ ٹٞٺت اٹپييل ٽڀ اٹٞ ٦بٻ ٭ى ځچبيخ ڇعجخ ٽڀ
اٹڈعجبد ٥و ٽ زَو ثبٽجٸ فپ خَ عڂيچبد ٹپڀ يأفن أڇٹيٮو ث ٦يلًا ٥ڀ
الإ لٕاؽيخ. څوة أڇٹيٮو ڇ ٥پٸ ٵ جٖى ٹلډ ٽ زَو بٍڇهثوډ. ٱبٻ ځڈڃ
ٵٺيجڈٷ ڇڅڈ جٕى آفو ي ٦پٸ ٹلډ ٽ زَو بٍڇهثوډ ث تَ ڇاٹلح أڇٹيٮو ڇٹنٹٴ
څبعپڄ أڇٹيٮو ڇٙوثڄ ث لْح. ث ٦ل أٿ أ جٕؼ أڇٹيٮو يبئ بًَ څوة ٭ى اٹٮغو
ڇ بٍ٭و ئٹى ٹڂلٿ.
☻Outside London, Oliver, who was very hungry and
exhausted, met Jack Dawkins, a boy of his age. Jack
offered him a place to live and work. He took him
11

12. to Fagin, a criminal who trained homeless
children to pick pockets for him. After a few days of
training, Oliver was sent in a pick pocketing mission
with two other boys. When he saw them taking a handk-
erchief from an elderly gentleman, Oliver was horrified and ran off. He was caught. He was set free when his innocence was proved. Mr Brownlow, whose handkerchi- ef was stolen took Oliver to his home and nursed him
back to health. Mr Brownlow was puzzled by Oliver's
resemblance to a painting of a young woman hung on the wall in his house. Oliver was happy in Mr Brownlow's
house, but two of Fagin's gang, Bill Sikes and Nancy
stopped him and returned him to Fagin.
☻ فبهط ٹڂلٿ ٱبثٸ أڇٹيٮو ڇاٹنډ ٵبٿ عڈ ٥بٿ ڇٽوڅ ڇٹلًا ٭ى ځٮ ٥پوڃ
يل ٥ى عبٳ كڇٵيڂي. ٥و عبٳ ٥ٺى أڇٹيٮو ٽٶبځًب ٹٺپ ٦ي خْ ڇاٹ ٦پٸ ڇأفنڃ
ئٹى ٭بعيڀ ڇڅڈ ٽغوٻ ٵبٿ يٲڈٻ ثزلهيت الأٝٮبٷ اٹپ وْكيڀ ٹيڂ ٺْڈا
) ٹي وَٱڈا ( ٽڀ أعٺڄ ، ڇث ٦ل أيبٻ ٽ ٦لڇكح ٽڀ اٹزلهيت أُه ٸٍَِ أڇٹيٮو ٭ى
ٽچپخ ځ ٸْ ڇٽ ٦ڄ ڇٹلاٿ آفواٿ. ڇ ٥ڂلٽب هأډ أڇٹيٮو څناٿ اٹڈٹلاٿ يأفناٿ
ٽڂليلاً ٽڀ يٍلًا ٵچلاً ) ٵجيو اٹ ڀَ ( ٭ي ٣ ڇأ وٍ ٣ ٽجز ٦لًا ڇرټ اٹٲج ٥ٺيڄ
ڇأٝٺ وٍاؽڄ ٥ڂلٽب صجزذ ثواءرڄ. ٱبٻ اٹ يَل ثواڇځٺڈ ڇاٹنډ وٍُِٯَ ٽڂڄ
اٹپڂليٸ ثزپوي أڇٹيٮو ٽ زَوكًا ٥ب٭يزڄ. اؽزبه ٽ زَو ثواڇځٺڈ ٹٺز بْثڄ اٹنډ
ٵبٿ ٥ٺيڄ أڇٹيٮو ٽ ٤ ٹڈؽخ ٭ڂيخ ثچب ڈٕهح لاٽوأح بّثڄ ٽ ٦ٺٲخ ٥ٺى أؽل
علهاٿ ٽڂيٹڄ. ٵبٿ أڇٹيٮو ٦ٍيلًا ٭ى ٽڂيٷ اٹ يَل ثواڇځٺڈ ڇٹٶڀ اصڂبٿ ٽڀ
٥ بٖثخ ٭بعيڀ ڇڅپب ثيٸ بٍيٶ ڇځبځ ىَ أڇٱٮڈڃ ڇأ ٥بكڇڃ ئٹى ٭بعيڀ.
☻Fagin sent Oliver to assist Sikes in a robbery. Oliver
was shot by a servant in the house. After Sikes escaped,
Oliver went into the same house. Mrs Maylie and her
beautiful adopted Rose grew fond of Oliver, and he
spent happy times with them. Meanwhile, it was
revealed that Oliver's mother left behind
12

13. a locket when she died and she asked someone
in the workhouse to take the gold for the child, who
was called Oliver Twist.
☻ أه ٸٍ ٭بعيڀ أڇٹيٮو ٹي بَ ٥ل ثيٸ بٍيٶ ٭ى ٥پٺيخ ٍٞڈ. أ يٕت أڇٹيٮو
ثبٹو بٕ ٥ڀ ٝوي فبكٻ ٭ى اٹپڂيٷ. ڇث ٦لٽب څوة بٍيٶ مڅت أڇٹيٮو
ئٹى ځٮ اٹپڂيٷ. أ جٕؾذ ٵلاً ٽڀ اٹ يَلح ٽبيٺى ڇاثڂزچب اٹغپيٺخ ثبٹزجڂى هڇى
ٽ٪وٽيڀ ثأڇٹيٮو ڇاٹنډ ٱٚى أڇٱبد ٦ٍيلح ٽ ٦چټ. ڇ٭ى ځٮ الأصڂبء أُٵزُ ٬َِْ
ثأٿ ڇاٹلح أڇٹيٮو روٵذ كلايخ ) ٥ٺجخ ٽ ٦ٺٲخ ٭ى ٺٍ ٺَخ ( ٥ڂلٽب ٽبرذ ڇٝٺجذ
ٽڀ قّ ٽب ٭ى الإ لٕاؽيخ ثأٿ يأفن اٹنڅت ئٹى اٹٞٮٸ اٹنډ يل ٥ى أڇٹيٮو
رڈي ذَ.
***************************************************
ٽٶبٿ ڇىٽبٿ الأؽلاس Setting
☻ England, London, and some villages and small
towns nearby. The time is the early nineteenth century
not long before 1837, when Queen Victoria was crowned.
☻ اٹپٶبٿ : ئځغٺزوا ڇٹڂلٿ ڇث ٦ اٹٲوډ ڇاٹپلٿ اٹ ٪ٖيوح اٹپغبڇهح.
٥ وْ ، ٱجٸ ٥بٻ 7381 ٻ ڇٹٶڀ ٹي ثڈٱذ اٹيٽبٿ : أڇائٸ اٹٲوٿ اٹزب ٤ٍ
ٝڈيٸ ، رٺٴ اٹٮزوح اٹزى رڈعذ ٭يچب اٹپٺٶخ ٭يٶزڈهيب ٥ٺى اٹ ٦و .ُ
☻ London is the primary setting for the novel, and the
country village where the Maylies live is presented as
a contrast to London. The city itself is shown as a kind of
prison. It's foggy and crime-ridden, and things aren’t
always what they seem.
☻ ٹڂلٿ څى اٹقٺٮيخ اٹپٶبځيخ ڇاٹيٽبځيخ اٹوئي يَخ ٹٺوڇايخ ، ڇٱُلِٽَذْ اٹٲويخ
اٹويٮيخ ؽيش ي ٦ي أ٭واك ٥بئٺخ " ٽبيٺى " ثبٹزڂبٱ ٽ ٤ ٹڂلٿ ، ٭ٲل
٥ُوَِٙذْ اٹپليڂخ مارچب ٵڂڈ ٣ ٽڀ اٹ غَڈٿ ٽٺيئخ ثبٹٚجبة ڇرپلأڅب اٹغويپخ
ٵپب أٿ الأٽڈه ثچب لا رٶڈٿ كڇٽًب ٽ بْثچڄ ٹپب يجلڇ ٥ٺيچب.
☻The village in the country where Oliver is so
13

14. happy with Rose and Mrs Maylie is the total
opposite. The narrator suggests that the country can
actually cure some of the bad effects of the city. But even
in the country, Oliver isn’t safe from Fagin's criminal
network. Dickens might be suggesting that the city is
more powerful.
☻ أٽب اٹٲويخ اٹويٮيخ ؽيش ي ٦ي أڇٹيٮو ٭ى ٦ٍبكح ٽ ٤ هڇى ڇٽ يَ ٽبيٺى څى
اٹڂٲي اٹٶبٽٸ ، ڇيٲزوػ اٹواڇډ ثأٿ اٹوي ٬ يپٶڀ ثبٹٮ ٦ٸ أٿ ي ٦بٹظ ث ٦
الآصبه اٹ يَئخ ٹٺپليڂخ ، ڇ ٥ٺى اٹو ٩ټ ٽڀ مٹٴ ٭اٿ أڇٹيٮو ٹټ يٶڀ آٽڂًب ٭ى
اٹوي ٬ ٽڀ جّٶخ اٹپغوٽيڀ اٹزى ر ٦پٸ ٹ بٖٹؼ ٭بعيڀ ، ڇهثپب يٲزوػ كيٶڂي
ثأٿ اٹپليڂخ ر ٦ل أٵضو ٱڈح.
☻The novel is set against the background of the New
Poor Law of 1834, which established a system of workho-
uses for those who, because of poverty, sickness, mental
disorder, or age could not provide for themselves.
☻ أُ ذٍَ اٹوڇايخ ٙل اٹٲبځڈٿ اٹغليل ٹ ٦بٻ 7381 ٻ ڇاٹقب ثبٹٮٲواء ڇاٹنډ
أځ أْ ځ ٢بٻ الإ لٕاؽيبد لأڇٹئٴ اٹنيڀ ٹټ ي زَٞي ٦ڈٿ ئ ٥بٹخ أځٮ چَټ ئٽب ث جَت
اٹٮٲو أڇ اٹپو أڇ الاٙٞواة اٹ ٦ٲٺى أڇ اٹ ڀَ.
***************************************************
Chapter 1
Vocabulary
ځڈ ٣ Sort
ٽزأفوًا Late
رٺل Bear (bore, born) أصڂبء
During
They had no where to sleep
ٹټ يٶڀ ٹليچټ ٽٶبٿ ٹيڂبٽڈا ٭يڄ
The Industrial Revolution
اٹضڈهح اٹ ڂٖب ٥يخ
يزڂٮ Breathe
ٽ بٖځ ٤ Factories
ٙ ٦ي ٬ Weak
يغل Find
يجٶى Cry ( cried / cried )
٭ٲيو / ٽ ٶَيڀ Poor
ثٚ ٬٦ Weakly
لا ٽٶبٿ Nowhere
ٽڀ اٹ ٦ٖت أٿ يزڂٮ Difficult to breathe
ئ لٕاؽيخ ٹلأؽلاس Workhouse
يؾزبط أٿ Need to
٥ٺى الأٱٸ At least
14

15. Whose parents had been destitute
اٹنيڀ ٵبٿ آثبءڅټ ٽ ٦لٽڈٿ / ٭ٲواء علًا
Too poor to buy food
٭ٲواء ٹلهعخ ألا ي زَٞي ٦ڈا وّاء ٝ ٦بٻ
Pick up يٺزٲٜ
Silence پٕذ
Tiny ٪ٕيو علًا ) ٭ى اٹؾغټ (
Repeat يٶوه / يوكك
Kiss يُٲَجٸْ
Angrily ث٪ٚت
Gently ثو٭ Arm مها ٣
Cheek فل / ڇعڂخ
Immediately ٭ى اٹؾبٷ / ٥ٺى اٹٮڈه
Die ( died / died ) يپڈد
Generosity ٵوٻ / قٍبء
Orphan اٹيزيټ ) قّ يزيټ (
Lock (someone) in يؾج ) قّ (ٔ ٭ى
Nearby ٱويت / ٽغبڇه
Message ه بٍٹخ
Parents اٹڈاٹلاٿ
" I want some more " "أهيل اٹپييل"
Destitute ٽُ ٦لَٻ / لّيل اٹٮٲو
Alone ثپٮوكڃ / ڇؽيلًا
Look after ي ٦زڂى ثـ
Beat ( beat / beaten) يٚوة / يچيٻ
Decided ٱوهد
Gate ثڈاثخ
Reason جٍت
Coffin ربثڈد ) ڂٕلڇٯ ٹٺپڈرى (
Kind ٥ٞڈ ٫
Maker بٕځ ٤
Outside ثبٹقبهط / ٭ى اٹقبهط
Apprentice جٕى ) رؾذ اٹزپويڀ (
Official ٽڈ ٬١ ؽٶڈٽى
Inside ثبٹلافٸ
Wretched ثبئ Surprised ٽڂلڅ Lucky ٽؾ ٢ڈٟ
Opportunity = chance ٭و خٕ
Manager ٽليو
Interested in ٽچزټ ثـ ...
For nothing ثلڇٿ ٽٲبثٸ
Feelings ٽ بْ ٥و
Was introduced to رټ رٲليپڄ ٹـ ...
Employer بٕؽت اٹ ٦پٸ
Thin ځؾي ٬
Complain ي ٶْڈ
Wear ( wore / worn ) يورلډ
Cost ( cost / cost ) يُٶٺ ٬ / يزٶٺ ٬
Hard ثغل
Feed ( fed / fed ) يُٞ ٦ِټ
Realize يلهٳ
Downstairs ئٹى اٹٞبث اٹ ٮَٺى
Easier أٵضو چٍڈٹخ
Strange ٩ويت
Uncomfortable ٩يو ٽويؼ
Surrounded by ٽؾبٛ ثـ ...
Thin soup ؽ بَء ) ڈّهثخ( فٮيٮخ اٹٲڈاٻ
Unfinished ٩يو ٽٶزپٸ
Hungry عڈ ٥بٿ
Kick يوٵٸ )ي ڈْٛ ثٲلٽڄ( / هٵٺخ
Starve يپڈد عڈ ٥ًب
Red nose أځ ٬ أؽپو اٹٺڈٿ
Plan فٞخ
Make sure يزأٵل
Usual ٽ ٦زبك
By the fire ثغڈاه اٹپل٭أح
The master الأ ٍٞى / اٹپ ٦ٺټ / اٹپ ئَڈٷ
Freezing cold ثوك ٱبه Furious = very angry ٩بٙت علًا
Pleased ٽ وَڇه
15

16. Go out يقوط
Knock يٞوٯ / يقجٜ
A broken heart ٱٺت ٽؾٞټ
Loudly ث ڈٖد ٥بٷ
Ashamed ) فغلاٿ ) ٽٶ ڈَ ٫
Menacing voice ڈٕد ٽچلك / ٽزڈ ٥ل
Hit hard يٚوة ث لْح
In surprise ٭ى كڅ خْ
Help ! اٹڂغلح !
Meat ٹؾټ
Kill يٲزٸ
Awake ٽ زَيٲ ٠
Pull ….. away ي ؾَت / يغو
Unbearable ٩يو ٽؾزپٸ / لا يٞبٯ
shoulder ٵز ٬
Run away يچوة
At once ٭ى اٹؾبٷ
Hurried أ وٍ ٣
So close to starving
ٱويجڈٿ علًا ٽڀ اٹپڈد عڈ ٥ًب
Died of a broken heart
ٽبرذ ځزيغخ ؽيٿ لّيل
Led him to the manager
اٱزبكڃ ئٹى اٹپليو
No good at anything
ٹټ رٶڀ ٹزٮٺؼ ٭ى ئّ
Take ( someone ) away
يُج ٦ل ) قّ بًٖ ٽب (
Feeling both ashamed and angry
ي ٦ْو ثبٹقيډ ڇاٹ٪ٚت ٽ ٦ًب
Chapter
٭ ٸٖ ٭ى ٵزبة / ٭زوح ٭ى ؽيبح قّ Shutter
زٍبه ٽزؾوٳ ٹجبة ٽؾٸ يُغو ٽڀ أ ٥ٺى
A new chapter in the boy's life
٭زوح عليلح ٭ى ؽيبح اٹڈٹل
The owner of the bookshop
ٽبٹٴ اٹپٶزجخ
Relax ي زَوفي
Wearing ٽورليًب
Sign كٹيٸ / ٥لاٽخ / ئ بّهح / لا٭زخ
Coat ٽ ٦ٞ ٬ / ثٺٞڈ
Even ؽزى
Almost رٲويجًب
Silk handkerchiefs ٽڂبكيٸ ؽويو
Cheerfully ث وَڇه
A wallet ٽؾٮ ٢خ
Miser ثقيٸ
Pretend يز ٢بڅو / يل ٥ى
Corner ىاڇيخ / هٵڀ
Nothing لا ئّ
Artful Dodger اٹلاڅيخ اٹپواڇ ٧
Practise يپبه / يزلهة
Meal ڇعجخ
Jewellery ٽغڈڅواد
Expect يزڈٱ ٤
The crowd ىؽبٻ / عپ ٤
Dirty ٱنه / ٽز ـَ
Roughly ثق ڈْځخ / ثٲ ڈَح
Call out يڂبكډ / ي زَل ٥ى
Magistrate ٱبٙى
Ugly ٱجيؼ
Puzzled ٽزؾيو / ٽورجٴ
Wooden ف جْى
Prison اٹ غَڀ
Gentleman هعٸ ځجيٸ
Notebook ٵوا خٍ
Waste يچله
Well made عيلح اٹ ڂٖ ٤
A coach ٽوٵجخ / ؽب٭ٺخ
Mark ٥لاٽخ
Comfortable ٽويؼ
Pocket عيت
Dear ٥ييي / ٥يييډ / ٥يييرى
16

17. Fainted ڄيٺ٥ ىپ٩أ
Pretty عپيٸ / أځي The same ځٮ ) اٹ ئْ (
Lie down ي زَٺٲى
The speaker اٹ قْ ) اٹپزؾلس (
Actor ٽپضٸ
The addressed person
اٹ قْ اٹپقبٝت ) اٹپُزؾَلسْ ئٹيڄ (
Cellar
ٱجڈ/ وٍكاة )ٝبث رؾذ الأه ٹٺزقييڀ(
****************************************************
Summary of Chapter 1
Life in England during the Industrial Revolution☻
☻ اٹؾيبح ٭ى ئځغٺزوا أصڂبء اٹضڈهح اٹ ڂٖب ٥يخ
♣ Many people came to the English towns to find work in factories.
♣ At that time, people were so poor and looked for places to
sleep and food to eat.
♣ Poor people went to the workhouses where they could find
a bed to sleep and some sort of food to eat.
عبء أڇٹيٮو رڈي ذَ ٹٺؾيبح Oliver Twist came to life☻
♣ An unknown young woman who was ill and weak arrived at one of the workhouses.
♣ The woman gave birth to a baby boy called Oliver Twist
and died.
اٹؾيبح ٭ى اٹپٺغأ in the orphanage ifeL ☻
♣ Oliver was sent to live with other orphans in an orphanage.
♣ Mrs Mann who looked after the orphans gave them little food to eat.
ئٹى ؽيبح اٹ ٦پٸ To the life of work☻
♣ When Oliver became nine, Mr Bumble who was an official from the workhouse, came to take him from the orphanage to work in the workhouse.
♣ All Oliver and the boys ate there was a thin soup.
ٝٺت اٹپييل Asking for more☻
♣ Oliver was chosen by the boys to ask for more food.
17

18. ♣ As a result, Oliver was locked in a cold, dark room
and was beaten by Mr Bumble in front of the other boys
every day.
جٕى ٹ بٖځ ٤ اٹزڈاثيذ A coffin maker's apprentice ☻
♣ Oliver had to leave the workhouse afterwards.
♣ Mr Sowerberry, the coffin maker took Oliver as an
apprentice.
♣ Oliver spent a bad night sleeping among unfinished coffins.
♣ Noah Claypole, who helped Mr Sowerberry, treated Oliver
rudely and insulted his mother.
♣ Oliver was so ashamed and angry that he hit Noah hard.
اٹچوڇة Running away☻
♣ Mr Bumble came and blamed Mrs Sowerberry saying that she had given Oliver too much meat.
♣ Mr Bumble advised that Oliver should be left in a cellar for
a few days without food then he must be fed with only soup.
♣ Because life was unbearable at Mr Sowerberry, Oliver
ran away.
****************************************************
The Story Text
♣ It was late at night in a town in England during the Industrial Revolution. At this time, most English towns needed people to work in the factories that were beginning to open all over the country. Many people came to the towns to find work, but they were often so poor that they could not buy enough to eat and
they had nowhere to sleep. So they went to the workhouses
where at least they had a bed and some sort of food. In one such workhouse, an old nurse and a doctor were working in a small, dark room looking at a baby boy that had just been born. The
baby found it difficult to breathe. They did not know if he
18

19. would live. "What's the mother's name?" the doctor
asked the nurse. "I don't know. She arrived at the
workhouse last night," said the nurse. "She was ill and weak when she came." When the baby cried, the mother said weakly,
"Can I see my new baby?"
♣ The nurse picked up the tiny boy and the mother saw him for the first time. She kissed him gently on the cheek and smiled. Then the mother died. "Poor woman," said the nurse. "She was
so beautiful. We'll never know who she was." The baby was
called Oliver Twist. He was sent to live with other orphans in an old house nearby. The orphans were all the children of parents who had been destitute. A woman called Mrs Mann was given
a little money to look after the orphans, but she decided that she needed some of this money for herself. For this reason, the boys never had very much to eat.
♣ On his ninth birthday, Oliver was a small, weak child. He had spent all his life in the old building with Mrs Mann, who was no kinder to Oliver than she was to the other orphans. Oliver did
not go to school and he did not know the world outside. One
day, an important man called Mr Bumble visited Mrs Mann.
Mr Bumble was an official from the workhouse, where the
older children from poor families were big enough to work
for their food. "Now Oliver's nine, you don't need to look after him." Mr Bumble told Mrs Mann. "He is old enough to work
for us in the workhouse." Oliver was not sad to leave Mrs
Mann, but he was sad to leave his friends and the only home he had ever known. He felt wretched as the door to the house was closed behind him. " Why are you crying ? You're very lucky
to work here," The managers of the workhouse told Oliver
when he arrived. "We'll give you food and a bed for nothing."
The workhouse was a large, cold building. Oliver was
introduced to the other boys who were all as thin and
19

20. weak as he was. They wore old clothes that were
too big for them. Oliver worked hard at the workhouse
with these boys and quickly realised that his life was not going
to become any easier.
♣ His bed was very uncomfortable and the food was never enough. All they ate was a thin soup. The boys he worked with were always hungry. After a few months, they were all so close
to starving that they made a plan. They decided they must have more food, and they chose Oliver to ask for it. That evening in the big, cold hall, the boys finished eating their usual thin soup. Then Oliver stood up and walked to the master who gave them their food. "Please, sir, I want some more," said Oliver. The
master was furious. No one had ever asked for more before !
"What did you say?" he cried. There was now silence in the big room. "Please, sir, I want some more," Oliver repeated. The
master angrily took Oliver's arm and immediately led him to
the managers of the workhouse. He told them what Oliver had said. "If he is not happy with our generosity," the managers
said, "he must leave." They decided to lock Oliver in a room
and put a message on the door of the workhouse. It said that the workhouse would give five pounds, to anyone who could take
the boy away from them.
♣ For weeks, Oliver stayed in the cold, dark room. He cried himself to sleep each night, then woke up each morning and began to cry again. He had never felt so alone. He was only
taken from the room when it was time to eat. Mr Bumble did
not want any of the other boys to ask for more food, so while
they were eating, Mr Bumble made Oliver stand in front of
them. Then he beat Oliver. This happened every day until
a man called Mr Sowerberry read the message on the
workhouse gate. Mr Sowerberry, the coffin maker, decided
that he needed an apprentice and told Mr Bumble that
20

21. he could take Oliver Twist. A new chapter in the
boy's life was about to start. The next day, Mr Bumble
took Oliver from the workhouse and walked with him to Mr Sowerberry's house. As they were walking down the street, Mr Bumble was surprised to see that Oliver was crying. "Why are
you crying ?" Mr. Bumble shouted. " You should be happy to have the opportunity to work with someone like Mr Sowerber- ry." I'll be a good boy," said Oliver. "But" I have no ... '
"You have no what?" asked Mr Bumble. "I have no friends," said Oliver quietly. Mr Bumble was not interested in Oliver's
feelings. They continued to Mr Sowerberry's house, but when Oliver's new employer saw him, he was not very happy. "He's
very small, Mr Bumble," Mr Sowerberry complained. "He is
small, but he'll grow," explained Mr Bumble. "But it will cost
money to feed him," said Mr Sowerberry's wife. She took
Oliver downstairs and gave him some old food that they had
not eaten. "Now get some sleep," said Mrs Sowerberry. "You
don't mind sleeping down in the shop, do you? There's nowhere else to sleep in our house."
♣ Oliver was alone in a strange, dark room, surrounded by unfinished coffins. It was not much better than the room he had slept in at the workhouse. It was not easy for him to sleep. The next morning, Oliver woke up to the sound of someone kicking the shop door. Oliver opened it and saw a tall boy with a red
nose eating some bread. "Hello. I'm Noah Claypole," he said.
"You're from the workhouse, aren't you?" he continued,
walking into the shop as if he lived there. "I help Mr Sowerber- ry. You do what I say, Workhouse Boy. Now open the shutters,"
he ordered, giving Oliver a small kick to make sure he knew
who was the master. Mrs Sowerberry called and asked Noah to sit by the fire to have some breakfast. She gave Oliver a little
bread and told him to eat it down below. It was freezing cold
there. "Why can't I have a good breakfast like Noah?"
21

22. he asked, but there was no one there to hear him. For
the next few months, Oliver worked with Mr Sowerberry.
He did not like the work, but Mr Sowerberry seemed pleased with him. This, however, did not please Noah Claypole, who
was told to work inside when Oliver went out with Mr Sowerberry.
♣ One day, after work, the two boys were alone in the shop.
"What happened to your mother, Workhouse Boy?" said Noah. Oliver said quietly, "The nurse said she died of a broken heart." "I heard she died in the workhouse because she was no good at anything," laughed Noah. "What did you say?" cried Oliver,
feeling both ashamed and angry. "I heard that if she hadn't
died, they would have punished her," Noah cried unkindly. Oliver stood up and started to hit Noah hard. "Help!" shouted
Noah. "He's killing me!" Mr and Mrs Sowerberry ran in and pulled Oliver away from Noah. "Help me lock him in here,"
they said to Noah. They pulled Oliver into a dark cellar and
locked the door. "You poor boy," Mrs Sowerberry said to
Noah. "We must get Mr Bumble at once."
♣ When Mr Bumble heard what had happened, he hurried to
Mr Sowerberry's house and knocked on the door to the cellar. "Oliver, do you know who's speaking?" he called loudly. "Yes,"
said Oliver. "Aren't you afraid, Oliver?" he continued in
a menacing voice. "No!" Mr Bumble looked at Mr Sowerberry
in surprise. "I understand the problem," said Mr Bumble. "You've given him too much meat, Mrs Sowerberry. You've
been too kind to him. Leave him in this cellar without food for
a few days, then feed him only soup," he advised. That night, in
the cold cellar, Oliver tried to cry himself to sleep yet again. But he felt too angry to sleep. When the house was quiet, he went to the door and realised it was not locked. He waited until it was
just light and quietly opened the door. No one was awake
22

23. and it was easy to leave the house without anyone realising. He knew he could not stay in that place any longer. His life was unbearable. It was time for him to run away.
***************************************************
Questions & Answers
1- When did this story happen / take place ?
- In the nineteenth century during the Industrial Revolution.
2- Why did most English towns need people ?
- Most English towns needed people to work in the factories that were
beginning to open all over the country.
3- How did the Industrial Revolution change the face of town
in England ?
- Most English towns had factories that were beginning to open all over
the country.
4- How did the Industrial Revolution change the style of
people’s lives ?
- A lot of factories were built all over the country. They needed people.
People moved from the country to towns to work there.
5- Why did people come to towns ?
- To find work.
6- What were people’s lives like ?
- They were often so poor that they could not buy enough to eat and
they had nowhere to sleep.
. People had miserable life during the Industrial Revolution -7
.Discuss
- People were often so poor that they could not buy enough to eat and
they had nowhere to sleep. So they went to the workhouses where at
least they had a bed and some sort of food.
? Where did people who work in factories live -8
- They lived in workhouses.
? tor doingWhat were the old nurse and the doc -9
- They were working in the workhouse in a small, dark room. They were
helping a woman at child birth.
23

24. ?What is a workhouse -10
- A place where very poor people could live and work.
.cussPeople had an inhumane life in the workhouse. Dis -11
- They just had a bed and some sort of food. Many people share rooms.
? Where was Oliver born -12
- In a workhouse.
? How was the baby " Oliver " when he was born -13
- He found it difficult to breathe.
? dHow was Oliver’s life in the workhouse har -41
- His bed wasn’t very comfortable. The food was never enough.
? What was their main food -15
- All they ate was thin soup.
How did the boys feel after a few month of hunger / lack -16
?of food
- After a few months, they were all so close to starving that they made
a plan.
? What did they decide about starving / or being hungry -17
- They decided they must have more food.
? Who did they choose to ask for more food -18
- They chose Oliver.
. Oliver was a brave boy illustrate -19
- He was brave enough to stand up and walked to the master who gave
them their food
How did the master feel about Oliver’s request / demand -20
? more for food ? Why
- The master was furious. No one had ever asked for more before !
s reaction when Oliver asked forWhat was the master' -21
? more food
- The master angrily took Oliver's arm and immediately led him to the
managers of the workhouse. He told them what Oliver had said.
How did the managers of the workhouse decide about -22
? Oliver
- They said if he was not happy with their generosity, he must leave.
How did the managers punish Oliver for his request for -23
? more food
- They decided to lock Oliver in a room and put a message on the door
24

25. of the workhouse. It said that the workhouse would give five pounds, to anyone who could take the boy away from them.
? What did the message that was on the door say -24
- It said that the workhouse would give five pounds, to anyone who
could take the boy away from them.
? How long did Oliver stay in the cold, dark room -25
- For weeks, Oliver stayed in the cold, dark room.
? How was Oliver inside the dark room -26
? How did he feel inside the room
- He cried himself to sleep each night, then woke up each morning and
began to cry again. He had never felt so alone.
? When was Oliver taken from the cold, dark room -27
- He was only taken from the room when it was time to eat.
? What did Mr Bumble want other boys not to do -28
- He didn’t want any of the other boys to ask for more food.
What did he do to make sure that other boys wouldn’t ask -29
? for more food
- While they were eating, Mr Bumble made Oliver stand in front of
them. Then he beat Oliver. This happened every day.
? liverHow was Mr Bumble cruel to O -30
- While they were eating, Mr Bumble made Oliver stand in front of
them. Then he beat Oliver. This happened every day.
? Who was Mr Sowerberry -31
- He was the coffin maker. He was Oliver's employer.
? Who saved Oliver from Mr Bumble’s cruelty -32
- Mr Sowerberry, the coffin maker.
? Why did Mr Sowerberry need to hire Oliver -33
- Because he needed an apprentice
? Who took Oliver to Mr Sowerberry’s house -34
- Mr Bumble took him to Mr Sowerberry's house.
r Sowerberry’sWhat was Oliver doing on the way to M -35
? house
- He was crying
What made Mr Bumble surprised on the way to Mr -36
? Sowerberry’s house
- He was surprised to see that Oliver was crying.
25

26. Why was Oliver really crying on their way to Mr Sowerberry’s -37
?useho
- Because he had no friends there. He would be a lone.
? Where was Oliver Twist born -38
- He was born in a workhouse, in a small and dark room.
? Did the nurse and the doctor expect Oliver to live -39
- No, they didn’t know if he would live.
? hat health problem did Oliver face when he was bornW -40
- He was tiny and found it difficult to breathe.
?How was Oliver's mother when she arrived at the workhouse -41
- She was ill and weak.
? What did the doctor want to know about Oliver's mother -42
- He wanted to know her name.
What did Oliver's mother want before she died ? What did -43
? she do
- She wanted to see her new baby. She kissed him gently on the cheek
and smiled.
? Where was Oliver sent to live after his birth -44
- He was sent to live with other orphans in an old house.
? Who was Mrs Mann -45
- She looked after the orphans in an old house. She was given money
for that.
? Was Mrs Mann an honest woman ? Why / Why not -46
- No, she wasn’t. She took some money for herself so the boys never
had enough to eat.
?How did Mrs Mann treat Oliver -47
- She was no kinder to him than she was to the other orphans.
? Who was Mr Bumble -48
- Mr Bumble was an official from the workhouse, where the older
children from poor families were big enough to work for their food.
? Why was Oliver sad to leave Mrs Mann’s old house -49
- He wasn’t sad to leave Mrs Mann herself, but he was sad to leave his
friends.
? What did the boys at the workhouse eat -50
- All they ate was a thin soup. They were always hungry.
26

27. ? How was life at the workhouse -51
: Life was very difficult at the workhouse because*
- The workhouse was a large cold building.
- All the boys were thin and weak and had to work hard.
- They wore old clothes that were too big for them.
- The beds were very uncomfortable and the food was never enough.
- All they ate there was a thin soup, so the boys were always hungry
and so close to starving.
?the workhouse Why did Oliver cry when he left -52
- He cried because he had left all his friends at the workhouse and
became without friends.
? How did Mrs Sowerberry treat Oliver -53
- She gave him old food they had not eaten. She led him to sleep alone down in the shop among unfinished coffins.
? Where did Oliver sleep in Mr Sowerberry's house -54
- He slept alone in a strange, dark room surrounded by unfinished
coffins.
?Who was Noah Claypole -55
- He was a boy who helped Mr Sowerberry. He was tall with a red nose.
? did Noah Claypole insult Oliver How -56
- He called him " Workhouse Boy".
- He said that Oliver's mother died in the workhouse because she was
no good at anything and that if she hadn’t died, they would have
punished her.
? h insulted his motherHow did Oliver react when Noa -57
- Oliver felt both ashamed and angry so he hit Noah hard.
? How was Oliver punished for attacking Noah -58
- He was pulled in a dark cellar and was locked in.
What was Mr Bumble's explanation for Oliver's behaviour -59
? t the Sowerberry's housea
- He said that Oliver had given too much meat at the Sowerberry's
house and that Mr Sowerberry had been too kind to him.
What did Mr Bumble advise Mrs Sowerberry to do with -60
? Oliver
- He advised her to leave him in the cellar without food for a few days,
then to feed him only soup and not to be kind to him.
27

28. Drill Yourself
1- Describe life at the workhouse.
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2- What happened to Oliver's mother after he was born ?
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3- Why do you think Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse ?
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4- Why do you think Oliver's mother died ?
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5- What did Oliver's mother ask for before her death ?
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6- Who was Mrs Mann ?
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? How did Mrs Mann treat Oliver -7
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? as nineWhere did Oliver live after he w -8
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? Who was Mr Bumble -9
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? Why do you think an orphan's life might be hard -10
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? How was Oliver's life at the workhouse -11
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? mble was angry with OliverWhy do you think Mr Bu -12
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? What does Mr Sowerberry do -13
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28

29. ? iver hit Noah Claypole hardWhy did Ol -41
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? llarWhat was the result of locking Oliver in the ce -15
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Why was Oliver unhappy when he was leaving the -16
? r Bumbleworkhouse with M
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? beat Oliver every day BumbleWhy did Mr -17
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? Why was a message put on the door of the workhouse -18
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? What happened to Oliver when he dared to ask for more food -19
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What did the boys at the workhouse decide to do -20
? concerning food
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********************************************
Quotations
1- " What's the mother's name ? "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- The doctor said these words to the nurse.
b) Whose mother was she ?
- She was Oliver's mother.
c) What was the reply to that question ?
- The nurse replied that she didn’t know the mother's name.
2- " Can I see my new baby ? "
a) Who said that ? To whom ?
- The young woman ( the unknown mother ) said that to the doctor
and the nurse.
29

30. b) Who was that baby ?
- The baby was Oliver Twist.
c) What happened to the mother after she had seen the baby ?
- The mother died after she had seen the baby.
3- " Poor woman, she was so beautiful. We'll never know who
she was. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- The nurse said these words to the doctor.
b) Who was that woman ?
- She was Oliver's mother.
c) Why wouldn’t they know who she was ?
- Because she died directly after her baby had been born.
4- " We'll give you food and a bed for nothing. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- The managers of the workhouse said these words to Oliver.
b) Where would the listener be given food and a bed ?
- Oliver was going to work at the workhouse for food and a bed.
c) Why did the speaker say that ?
- The managers said that because Oliver was crying when he left Mrs
Mann's old house.
5- " Please, sir, I want some more. "
a) Who said that ? To whom ? Where ?
- Oliver said that to the master at the workhouse.
b) What did the speaker ask for ?
- Oliver asked for some more food.
c) What was the reaction of the listener ?
- The master was furious. He told the managers who locked Oliver in
a room.
6- " Why are you crying ? You should be happy to have the
opportunity to work with someone like Mr Sowerberry. "
a) Who was crying ? Why ?
- Oliver was crying because Mr Bumble took him from the workhouse to
work with Mr Sowerberry. He was sorry because he left his friends
there.
30

31. b) Who was Mr Sowerberry ?
- He was a coffin maker.
c) What would the listener do for Mr Sowerberry ?
- Oliver would work with him as an apprentice.
7- " But it will cost money to feed him. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- Mrs Sowerberry said these words to Mr Bumble and her husband.
b) What does the underlined word him refer to ?
- Oliver Twist.
c) Why did the speaker had to feed him ?
- Because Oliver would work for Mr and Mrs Sowerberry for food.
8- "I help Mr Sowerberry. You do what I say, Workhouse boy."
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- Noah Claypole said these words to Oliver Twist.
b) Who was Mr Sowerberry ?
- He was a coffin maker who took Oliver to work as an apprentice.
c) What did the speaker help Mr Sowerberry do ?
- He helped him make coffins.
9- " I heard she died in the workhouse because she was no
good at anything. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
- Noah Claypole was the speaker.
b) What does she refer to ?
- It refers to Oliver Twist's mother.
c) What was Oliver's reaction to these words ?
- Oliver stood up and started to hit Noah hard.
10- " Help me lock him in her. "
a) Who was the person who needed help ? From whom ?
- Mr Sowerberry needed help from his wife.
b) Who would be locked in ? Why ?
- Oliver Twist. Because he attacked Noah Claypole and hit him hard.
c) Where would that person be locked in ?
- In a dark cellar.
31

32. 11- " I understand the problem, you’ve given him too much meat, Mrs Sowerberry. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
- Mr Bumble was the speaker.
b) Who was Mrs Sowerberry ?
- She was Mr Sowerberry's, the coffin maker, wife.
c) What did Mrs Sowerberry really give Oliver to eat ?
- Mrs Sowerberry gave Oliver some old food that they had not eaten.
********************************************
Drill Yourself
1- " I don’t know. She arrived at the workhouse last night. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) Who was she ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) How did she look when she came to the workhouse ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2- " He is old enough to work for us in the workhouse. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) How old was Oliver when he was taken to the workhouse ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) How was life in the workhouse ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3- " Why are you crying ? You're lucky to work here. "
a) Who said that ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) Why was the listener crying ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) Where would he work ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4- " Please, sir, I want some more. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32

33. b) Why did he / she ask for more ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) How was he / she punished for asking for more ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5- " If he is not happy with our generosity, he must leave. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) Was the speaker really generous ? How do you know ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) Where did Oliver leave to ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6- " He's very small, but he'll grow. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) Who was very small ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) Where would he grow ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7- " I heard that if she hadn’t died, they would have punished
her. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) About whom were these words said ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) What did the listener do when he heard that ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
********************************************
Correcting mistakes
Correct
Wrong
Sentences
Industrial
Economical
1- The events of " Oliver Twist " took place during the Economical Revolution.
work
houses
2- People came to the English towns at that time to find houses.
33

34. Correct
Wrong
Sentences
A workhouse
A lighthouse
3- A lighthouse is a place where poor and homeless people went to have
a bed and some sort of food.
His mother
The nurse
4- After Oliver had been born, the nurse asked to see him.
after
before
5- The mother had died before she saw her baby.
little
much
6- Mrs Mann used to give the orphans much food to eat.
no kinder
kinder
7- Mrs Mann was kinder to Oliver than she was to other orphans.
nine
ten
8- Oliver moved to the workhouse at the age of ten.
official
actor
9- Mr Bumble was an actor from the workhouse.
food
money
10- The children at the workhouse worked for money.
his friends
Mrs Mann
11- Going to the workhouse, Oliver was sad to leave Mrs Mann.
cried
smiled
12- When Oliver had arrived at the workhouse, he smiled.
old
new
13- The children in the workhouse were wearing new clothes.
an uncomfortable
a comfortable
14- In the workhouse, Oliver slept on a comfortable bed.
thin soup
bread
15- All the boys ate in the workhouse was bread.
the master
Mr Bumble
16- Oliver asked Mr Bumble for more food.
thin
fat
17- The boys ate fat soup at the workhouse.
coffin
shoe
18- Mr Sowerberry was a shoe maker.
apprentice
official
19- Oliver worked for Mr Sowerberry as an official.
small
big
20- Mr Sowerberry complained that Oliver was very big.
34

35. Correct
Wrong
Sentences
apprentice
son
21- Noah was Mr Sowerberry's son.
different
the same
22- Both Oliver's and Noah's breakfast at Mr Sowerberry's house were the same.
badly
well
23- Noah treated Oliver well.
Noah Claypole
Mr Sowerberry
24- Mr Sowerberry called Oliver
" workhouse boy".
his mother
Mrs Sowerberry
25- Oliver hit Noah hard for insulting Mrs Sowerberry.
cellar
bedroom
26- Oliver was locked in a dark bedroom after he hit Noah.
meat
soup
27- Mr Bumble blamed Mrs Sowerberry for feeding Oliver too much soup.
unbearable
bearable
28- Life at Mr Sowerberry's house was bearable so Oliver ran away.
********************************************
Drill Yourself
Correct
Wrong
Sentences
-----------
-----------
1- During the Industrial Revolution, a lot of libraries opened all over England.
-----------
-----------
2- When Oliver was born, he found it difficult to see.
-----------
-----------
3- The doctor and the nurse couldn’t know the address of the mother.
-----------
-----------
4- The door was locked, so Oliver decided to run away.
-----------
-----------
5- Oliver's mother died in the hospital.
-----------
-----------
6- Oliver was locked in a cell when he hit Noah.
-----------
-----------
7- Mrs Mann was an honest woman.
-----------
-----------
8- Oliver led an easy life in the workhouse.
-----------
-----------
9- The boys chose Oliver to ask for more money.
-----------
-----------
10- Mr Bumble, the coffin maker, took Oliver as an apprentice.
-----------
-----------
11- Oliver was sad to leave Mrs Mann.
35

36. Chapter 2
Vocabulary
Careful ؽوي Gentleman اٹ يَل ) هعٸ (
Hide ( hid / hidden ) يقزجئ / يقجئ
Miser ثقيٸ
Relax = rest ي زَوفى / ي زَويؼ
Notebook ٵوا خٍ / ٽٮٶوح / أعڂلح
Surely ثبٹزأٵيل
Well made عيل اٹ ڂٖ ٤
Follow يزج ٤ / يزبث ٤
Funny ٽٚؾٴ / ٽ ٺَى
Sign لا٭زخ / يب٭ٞخ
Silk ؽويو
Fields ؽٲڈٷ
Handkerchief ٽڂليٸ
Finally أفيوًا / ٭ى اٹڂچبيخ
Marks ٥لاٽبد
Village ٱويخ
Take off يڂزي ٣ / يييٸ
Opportunities ٭و Game ٝويٲخ / ؽيٺخ
Coat ٽ ٦ٞ ٬ / ثبٹٞڈ
Pockets عيڈة
Hat ٱج ٦خ / ثوځيٞخ
Wallet ٽؾٮ ٢خ
Cheerfully ثبثزچبط / ٭ى وٍڇه
Pretend يز ٢بڅو / يل ٥ى
Artful ثبه ٣ / ٽبڅو
Shop window ځب٭نح ٥و ) ٭برويڂخ (
Dodger ٽؾزبٷ
Successful ځبعؼ
Too far ث ٦يل علًا
Our little game ؽيٺزڂب اٹج يَٞخ
Dirtier أٵضو ار بَفًب / ٱناهح
I felt nothing ٹټ أ ٦ّو ث ئْ
Call out ي يٖؼ ٽڂبكيًب
Practise a game يپبه ؽيٺخ )ٹ ٦جخ(
Lead ( led / led ) يٲڈك / يڈ ٸٕ
Point to / at ي يْو ئٹى
A fire ٽل٭أح
Bookshop ٽؾٸ ٹجي ٤ اٹٶزت
Corner هٵڀ
Thieves ٹ ڈٖ Ugly ٱجيؼ اٹ ٶْٸ
Turn round يٺزٮذ
Pan ڇ ٥بء / ٱله / ؽٺخ
Stop ! Thief ! اٽ ٴَ ؽواٽى !
Fall asleep ٩ٺجڄ اٹڂ ٦ب Fell over ٥ٺى الأه / ر ٦ضو ڇٱ ٤
Wooden box ڂٕلڇٯ ف جْى
Crowd ؽ لْ / عپچڈه ) ٽڀ اٹڂب (
Gold watch بٍ ٥خ مڅجيخ
Hurt ( hurt / hurt ) يإمډ / يإٹټ
Expensive ٩بٹى اٹضپڀ
Roughly ثٲ ڈَح
Jewellery ٽغڈڅواد / ٽ ڈٖ ٩بد
Police station ٽوٵي اٹ وْٝخ
Poorer and dirtier than he had ever seen. أهكأ ڇأٱنه ٽپب هأډ ٭ى ؽيبرڄ
Taking something out of a wooden
box يقوط يّئًب ٽب ٽڀ ڂٕلڇٯ ف جْى
An ugly old man with red hair
هعٸ ٥غڈى ٱجيؼ اٹ ٶْٸ مڇ ٦ّو أؽپو اٹٺڈٿ
He must be a miser.
لاثل أځڄ قّ ثقيٸ
Knife ٶٍيڀ
Nervously ث ٦ جٖيخ
36

37. Pointing at him and calling
ٽ يْويڀ رغبڅڄ ڇٽڂبكيڀ
Felt ill and fainted
٦ّو ثبلإ ٥يبء ڇأ ٩پى ٥ٺيڄ
Led Oliver roughly down the street
اٱزبك أڇٹيٮو ثٲ ڈَح ٭ى اٹ بْه ٣
Lying down on the street
ٽ زَٺٲيًب ٥ٺى الأه ٭ى اٹ بْه ٣
A painting of a pretty woman
ٹڈؽخ ٭ڂيخ لاٽوأح عپيٺخ
Put on her best clothes
اهرلد أ٭ٚٸ ٽب ٹليچب ٽڀ ٽلاث Police officer ٙبثٜ وّٝخ
Painting ٹڈؽخ ٭ڂيخ
Magistrate ٱبٙى
Pretty عپيٸ
Puzzle يؾيو / يوثٴ
Wall ؽبئٜ / علاه / ڈٍه
Prison غٍڀ / اٹ غَڀ
(Be) amazed ٽڂلڅ Faint ي٪پى ٥ٺيڄ
Threw أٹٲى / هٽى
Go free = set free يُٞٺ وٍاؽڄ / ينڅت ؽوًا
Deep voice ڈٕد ٽڂقٮ Waste يٚي ٤ / يجلك / يچله
Angry looking يجلڇ ٩بٙجًب
Lie down ي زَٺٲى
Shoulders أٵزب ٫
Coach ٥وثخ رغوڅب اٹقيڈٷ
Find out يٶز ٬ْ
Warm كا٭ئ
Put on يٚ ٤ ٽلاث ) يورلډ (
Comfortable ٽويؼ
Set off يڂٞٺ ) ئٹى ٽٶبٿ (
Appear ي ٢چو
Several days ٥لح أيبٻ
There's a dear ! رَ غْ ٤ يب ٥يييډ !
Lady ) يٍلح ) ٽغزپ ٤
Well ث ؾٖخ عيلح
Wasting my time ئٙب ٥خ ڇٱزى
Taking off the marks يڂي ٣ اٹ ٦لاٽبد
Question ي ٴْ ٭ى / يوربة ٭ى
Puzzled ٽزؾيو / ٭ى ؽيوح
Owner ٽبٹٴ / بٕؽت اٹ ئْ
****************************************************
Summary of Chapter 2
اٹچوڇة ئٹى ٹڂلٿ Escape to London : ☻
♣ Oliver hid from people in order not to be taken back to Mr
Sowerberry.
♣ He decided that London would be a good place for him to
go so he walked 70 miles to London.
♣ He slept in fields and ate very little so he felt hungry and
weak.
أڇٹيٮو يٲبثٸ عبٳ كڇٵيڂي meets Jack Dawkins Oliver☻
♣ Jack Dawkins whose friends called him the Artful Dodger
was a poor boy of about Oliver's age.
37

38. ♣ Dawkins took Oliver to an old house where he met
Fagin, an ugly old man with red hair.
ٽوؽجًب ٭ى ٥ بٖثخ ٭بعيڀ Welcome to Fagin's gang ☻
♣ Fagin pretended to be kind to Oliver and gave him food.
♣ After some sleep, Oliver woke up to see Fagin with his gold
watches and expensive jewellery.
♣ Fagin was angry when he saw Oliver looking at his things,
but Oliver said he didn’t see anything.
♣ Oliver thought Fagin must have been a miser to live in such
an old place with so much jewellery and so many watches.
♣ Dawkins and Charley brought what they had stolen to
Fagin.
٥ٚڈ عليل ٭ى اٹ ٦ بٖثخ A new member in the gang ☻
♣ Fagin, Dawkins and Charley gave Oliver the first lesson in
taking things from people's pockets.
♣ Fagin said that Oliver was a clever boy but Oliver thought
it was a funny game.
٭ى ٱجٚخ اٹ وْٝخ In the hand of the police ☻
♣ Oliver set off with the two boys to do what he was taught.
♣ Dawkins and Charley did the theft but Oliver was caught.
♣ The owner of a bookshop told the magistrate that Oliver
wasn’t the real thief.
أڇٹيٮو يٲبثٸ ٽ زَو ثواڇځٺڈ Oliver meets Mr Brownlow☻
♣ When Mr Brownlow saw Oliver, he thought he had seen
him before.
♣ He saw Oliver lying down on the street outside the police
station.
♣ Mr Brownlow was very kind so he decided to take Oliver
to his house.
♣ He slept there for many days in a warm, comfortable bed.
♣ Mrs Bedwin, who looked after Mr Brownlow's house,
cared for Oliver till he was well.
38

39. :A painting of a pretty woman ☻
ٹڈؽخ ٭ڂيخ ٹ يَلح عپيٺخ
♣ Oliver was amazed when he looked at a painting of a pretty
woman on the wall in Mr Brownlow's house because he
could see that the woman's eyes, head and mouth were
almost the same as his own.
أيڀ أڇٹيٮو ؟ ? OliverWhere's ☻
♣ When Fagin heard that Oliver was taken by the police, he
was so angry with Dawkins and Charley.
♣ Fagin was afraid that Oliver would tell the police about the
gang.
♣ Bill Sikes suggested sending Nancy to find out what had
happened to Oliver.
♣ The police didn’t know Nancy who worked with Sikes.
♣ She was told that Oliver had gone somewhere on a coach
with Mr Brownlow.
♣ Fagin was worried and said they had to find out where
Oliver was before he told anyone about them.
♣ He gave Nancy and the Artful Dodger some money so as
to find Oliver.
****************************************************
The Story Text
♣ At first Oliver was careful to hide when he saw people in the street, thinking they would want to take him back to Mr Sowerberry, but he relaxed after a few hours. Surely no one was following him now. He saw a sign which said " London, 70 miles." He did not know how long this would take to walk, but
he decided that London would be a good place for him to go. Even Mr Bumble would not be able to find him in that great
city he had heard of where there would be so many
39

40. opportunities for him.
♣ He followed the signs to London for seven days, sleeping
in fields and eating very little. Although a few kind people gave him food, he felt hungry and weak. Finally, he sat down to rest
in the street of a small village. Another poor boy of about his
age, who was wearing a man's coat and a tall hat, came and sat next to him. "You look hungry. Where are you going?" said the boy. '' I'm going to London," Oliver replied. " Have you got
a room there? Or any money? " Oliver said that he had almost
nothing. "Well, I know a man who will give you work and
a room for nothing," he said cheerfully. "My name's Jack
Dawkins," he continued, "although my friends call me the
Artful Dodger". Jack seemed to be kind. He bought
Oliver a meal and then said he could show him the way to London, but only when it was dark.
♣ It was not too far to London, but it was not what Oliver had
expected. Jack took Oliver through streets that were poorer
and dirtier than he had ever seen, and he thought perhaps he should run away again. Then they arrived in front of an old house, and when Jack called out, a door opened and they went inside. Jack led him to a large and dark back room with a fire
in one corner. Next to the fire, an ugly old man with red hair
was cooking something in a big pan. Four or five boys sat on
old beds around the fire.
"This is Oliver," said Jack. At once, the boys stood up and
began to take Oliver's few things from him. The old man laughed. " I'm Fagin," he said. " Sit down and have some
food."
♣ Oliver sat by the fire and ate. Then, before he knew it, he fell
asleep. When he woke up, the room was quiet. He saw Fagin
sitting at a table taking some things out of a wooden box. He
looked carefully at a gold watch and some expensive
jewellery before putting them back in the box. He
40

41. then looked at Oliver. When he saw that Oliver was
awake, he jumped up and quickly closed the wooden box.
"What did you see?" he shouted, taking a knife in one hand. "Nothing, sir," said Oliver nervously. "Can I get up now?"
"Yes, of course," said Fagin, putting the knife down again.
♣ Oliver relaxed and looked around the room. He thought the
old gentleman must be a miser to live in such an old place, with so much jewellery and so many watches. He thought that
perhaps Fagin used all his money to look after the boys. At that moment, Jack Dawkins arrived with a boy called Charley Bates.
"I hope you've been at work this morning, boys," Fagin said when he saw them. "We've been working hard," said Jack.
"Good. What have you got?" Fagin asked Jack. Jack showed
him some notebooks and Fagin looked at them carefully.
"Thank you, sir," said Oliver. " They're well made, aren't
they?" Fagin said to Oliver. "Yes, very well made," answered Oliver.
♣ Fagin and the boys found this very funny, although Oliver
did not know why. Then Charley showed Fagin some silk
handkerchiefs. "They're good ones," said Fagin. "But they
have marks on them. We can show Oliver how to take off the
marks." Charley laughed again and said, "The boy is so very
young!"· "Let's have breakfast, then you'll show Oliver our
little game," said Fagin.
♣ When they had eaten, Fagin put a watch in one of his pockets,
a notebook in another pocket and a wallet in another pocket. Then he walked around the room, pretending to be looking in shop windows. Oliver thought that this game was very funny. Jack and Charley then walked very close to Fagin and without
Oliver realising it, they suddenly had the watch, the notebook
and the wallet in their hands. "Very good," said Fagin. "Now
you try, Oliver." Oliver walked behind Fagin and took
41

42. a handkerchief from his pocket. " Has it gone?" asked
Fagin. "Well done, I felt nothing," he cried. "You're a clever
boy. You'll be as successful as the Artful Dodger." Oliver
did not understand how taking handkerchiefs could make you successful, but because the old man was kind and gave him
food, he did not question his advice.
♣ After a few days of practising the game, Fagin told Oliver
that he was ready to go out into the streets of London with Charley and the Artful Dodger. A few hours later, Oliver
found himself in a strange London street with his two new friends. The Artful Dodger pointed to a gentleman who was reading a book outside a bookshop. "Look! He'll do," he said
to Charley. Oliver watched as the two boys walked quietly
behind the gentleman and carefully took a handkerchief from
his pocket. Oliver suddenly understood why Fagin had so many watches and silk handkerchiefs and such a lot of jewellery. The boys were thieves! Before he knew what was happening, the
gentleman turned round and called out, "Stop! Thief!" Oliver started to run away, but now everyone in the street was
pointing at him and calling, "Stop him! He's a thief!" Suddenly Oliver fell over and a crowd of people stood all around him. "Is this the boy?" someone called. "Yes, that's him." Oliver saw
the gentleman looking down at him. "The poor boy is hurt,"
the man said. At that moment a policeman arrived and told Oliver to stand up. "It wasn't me!" cried Oliver. "Oh, yes it
was," called the policeman, who led Oliver roughly down the
street. The crowd of people and the gentleman followed the policeman down to the police station. "I don't think he did it,"
said the gentleman as Oliver was locked in a room. "Don't
worry, sir," said a police officer. "A magistrate will see him
soon. He'll decide." The gentleman, who was called Mr
Brownlow, was puzzled. Where had he seen the boy
42

43. before?"
♣ A little while later, Oliver was called to see the magistrate.
When the magistrate heard what had happened, it was quickly decided that Oliver should go to prison. On hearing the news,
Oliver felt ill and fainted. He was carried out of the room. The
magistrate was going to send everyone home when the owner of the bookshop suddenly appeared. "It wasn't that boy!" he said
to the magistrate. "It was two other boys. He was with them,
but he didn't take anything," he explained. "I saw the other
boys running away." "Why didn't you tell me this before?"
called the magistrate. "Let the boy go free and stop wasting
my time." As he left the building, Mr Brownlow saw Oliver
lying down on the street outside. "Poor boy," he said.
"Somebody call a coach. He must come home with me." Oliver
was carefully put inside a coach and taken to Mr Brownlow's house, but he did not remember the journey. Oliver was very
ill. He slept for many days in a warm, comfortable bed in Mr Brownlow’s large house in a good part of London. When he at last woke up, he said, "What room is this?"
♣ An old lady quickly appeared and smiled at him, "You must
be quiet, or you'll be ill again. Lie down, there's a dear!" said
the woman, Mrs Bedwin, who looked after the house. So Oliver
stayed in bed, and it was several days before he was well enough to go downstairs. He walked slowly into a beautiful room and
saw Mr Brownlow smiling at him. "You look a little better,"
said Mr Brownlow. Then he looked puzzled again. "But what is this? Look there." He pointed to a painting of a pretty woman
on the wall above Oliver's head. Oliver was amazed. He could
see that the eyes, the head and the mouth were almost the same
as his own. After Oliver was taken by the policeman, Charley
and the Artful Dodger ran quickly back to the old house.
Fagin was so angry to hear what had happened to
43

44. of coffee at Charley. "Stop Oliver that he threw a cup
wasting good coffee," said a deep voice. Fagin looked round
and saw an angry looking man with big, strong shoulders.
"What are you doing, Fagin?" he shouted. "Sorry, Bill," said Fagin, "but we have a problem." He explained to Mr Sikes, or
Bill, as Fagin called him, what had happened to Oliver. "Oliver will probably tell the police where we are and what we do," explained Fagin. "We need to speak to him quickly," said Mr
Sikes. "The police don't know Nancy, so she can go and find out what's happened," he suggested.
♣ Nancy was a young woman who worked for Mr Sikes. She
put on her best clothes and set off for the police station, but
when she got there, she was told that Oliver had gone. "A police
officer told me that he went somewhere in a coach with
a gentleman called Mr Brownlow," Nancy told Fagin when she got back. When Fagin heard the news, he cried out, "We must
find out where he is before he tells anyone about us!" He then
gave Nancy and the Artful Dodger some money. "Go and find
Oliver. Don't stop until you find him, not even for
a minute."
***************************************************
Questions & Answers
1- What happened to Oliver during his journey to London ?
- He hid from people in the streets and slept in fields.
- He ate very little food which he begged from people.
2- Why did Oliver think London would be a good place to go ?
- Because it was a great city where Mr Bumble wouldn’t be able to find
him. There would be so many opportunities for him.
3- Who did Oliver meet on his journey to London ?
- He met Jack Dawkins " The Artful Dodger " who was one of the
thieves in Fagin's gang.
44

45. ? What did Oliver have to do while running away -4
- He had to hide when he saw people in the streets.
People moved from the country to towns to work there.
5- Why did Oliver have to hide from people ?
- So that they wouldn’t take him back to Mr Sowerberry.
6- What did Jack Dawkins offer Oliver ?
- He offered to take him to Fagin who could get him work and a room
for nothing. He also said he could show him the way to London.
? What did Dawkins buy for Oliver -7
- He bought Oliver a meal.
? How did Oliver find London -8
- It was not what he had expected. Its streets were poorer and dirtier
than he had ever seen.
? What did Oliver see at Fagin's house -9
- He saw an ugly old man with red hair sitting next to a fire in a large
and dark back room.
? What did Oliver see Fagin doing when he woke up -10
- He saw him sitting at a table taking a gold watch and some expensive
jewellery out of a wooden box.
? How far was London -11
- It was 70 miles away.
? er's decision about the place he would goWhat was Oliv -12
- He decided that London would be a good place for him to go.
? Why was London a safe refugee to Oliver -13
- Even Mr Bumble would not be able to find him in that great city he
had heard of where there would be so many opportunities for him.
? How long did it take Oliver to go to London -41
- It took him seven days to go there.
? Where did Oliver sleep on his way to London -15
- He slept in the fields and ate very little.
? ney to LondonHow did Oliver feel after his jour -16
- He was hungry and weak because he ate little food. Few people gave
him food.
? Where did Oliver rest -17
- Finally, he sat down to rest in the street of a small village.
? Where did Oliver meet the boy, Jack Dawkins -18
- In the street of a small village while he was resting.
45

46. ? What was Jack Dawkins like -19
- He was a poor boy of about Oliver's age. He was wearing a man's
coat and a tall hat.
? What did Jack's friends call him -20
- His friends called him the Artful Dodger.
? tnd to Oliver when they first meHow was Jack ki -21
- Jack seemed to be kind. He bought Oliver a meal and showed him
the way to London,
? What kind of streets did Jack take Oliver through -22
- He took Oliver through streets that were poorer and dirtier than he
had ever seen.
23- What did Oliver think he should do when he saw the
London dirty streets ?
- Oliver thought perhaps he should run away again.
? What kind of houses did Fagin's boys live in -24
- They lived in an old house.
? Where did Jack lead Oliver -25
- He led him in the house to a large and dark back room with a fire in
one corner.
What was Fagin like ? What was he doing when Oliver -26
? arrived
- He was an ugly old man with red hair. He was cooking something in
a big pan. Four or five boys sat on old beds around the fire.
27- What did Fagin Offer Oliver ?
- He asked him / offered him to sit down and eat.
28- Why was the room quiet when Oliver woke up ?
- Because nobody was in the room as other boys went out to work
29- What did Oliver see Fagin doing when he woke up ?
- He saw Fagin sitting at a table taking some things out of a wooden
box. He looked carefully at a gold watch and some expensive jewellery
before putting them back in the box.
30- What did Fagin do when he realized that Oliver was
awake ?
- When he saw that Oliver was awake, he jumped up and quickly closed
the wooden box.
31- Why was Fagin worried / panicked when Oliver woke up ?
- He was afraid that Oliver saw anything of his stolen things.
46

47. 32- When did Fagin feel relaxed / calm down / relieved ?
- When Oliver told him that he saw nothing.
33- What did Oliver think of Fagin ?
What did he deduced about Fagin ?
- He deduced that he must be a miser to live in such an old place with
so much jewellery and so many watches.
34- What did Oliver think Fagin did with the money ?
- He thought that perhaps Fagin used all his money to look after the
boys.
35- Who did Jack arrive with ?
- At that moment, Jack Dawkins arrived with a boy called Charley Bates.
36- What had Jack and Charley been doing that morning ?
- They had been working hard.
37- What had they got from their work ? Or
What things did they steal this morning ?
- Jack showed Fagin some notebooks. Charley showed him some silk
handkerchiefs.
38- How did Jack and Charley please Fagin ?
- Because they got / stole well-made notebooks and silk handkerchiefs.
23- What did Oliver think of the things they got ?
- They were very well-made.
24- What could Oliver understand ?
- Why Fagin and the other boys laugh at his words.
39- What would they show Oliver?
- They would show Oliver how to take off the marks. They would show
Oliver their little games.
40- What little tricks did they show Oliver ? Or
What did Fagin teach Oliver?
- How to pick things up from people’s pockets.
- How to steal things.
- How to be clever thieves.
41- Why did Fagin praise Oliver ?
- Because he felt nothing while Oliver was picking up the wallet. He
was a clever boy.
42- What did Fagin predict about Oliver as a thief ?
- He would be as successful as the Artful Dodger.
47

48. 43- What didn’t Oliver understand ?
- He did not understand how taking handkerchiefs could make him
successful.
44- How did Oliver discover the place where Fagin kept his
valuable things ?
- Oliver was asleep ; when he woke up, he saw Fagin taking his things
out of a wooden box.
45- How did Fagin react when he saw Oliver watching him ?
- He jumped up and quickly hid the wooden box. He took a knife and
threatened Oliver.
46- Why did Oliver think that Fagin was a miser ?
- He thought he must be a miser to live in such an old place, with so
much jewellery and so many gold watches.
47- What game did Fagin and the boys play ?
- Fagin put a watch, a notebook and a wallet in his pockets. Jack and
Charley took them without Oliver and Fagin realising it.
48- Why did Fagin and the boys play the game ?
- Fagin wanted to show Oliver how to steal things from people.
49- To what extent did Oliver learn the game ?
- Oliver took the handkerchief from Fagin's pocket ; Fagin felt nothing.
50- What happened at the bookshop ?
- The two boys, Charley and the Artful Dodger walked quietly behind
a gentleman, Mr Brownlow and carefully took a handkerchief from
his pocket.
51- What did Oliver realise at the bookshop ?
- He realised why Fagin had so many valuable things and that the
boys were thieves.
52- What did the man, Mr Brownlow do when he realised that
his handkerchief was gone ?
- He turned round and called out, " Stop ! Thief ! "
53- How was Oliver caught ?
- After the boys had stolen the gentleman's handkerchief, Oliver ran
away but fell over and was caught.
54- What happened to Oliver after he had been caught ?
- He was led roughly down the street by the policeman to the police
station.
48

49. 55- Where did Mr Brownlow first see Oliver ?
- He first saw him at the bookshop when Mr Brownlow was robbed by
Jack and Charley.
56- What did Mr Brownlow feel when he first saw Oliver ?
- He was puzzled and thought he had seen Oliver before.
57- What was the magistrate's judgement on Oliver at first ?
- He decided that Oliver should go to prison.
58- The news of his imprisonment had a bad effect on Oliver.
Explain.
- On hearing the news of his imprisonment, Oliver felt ill and fainted.
59- How was Oliver set free ?
- He was set free when the owner of the bookshop said that Oliver
didn’t take anything and that he saw Jack and Charley running away.
60- Who saved Oliver from prison ? How ?
- The owner of the bookshop saved him from prison when he said that
Oliver didn’t take anything.
61- How did Mr Brownlow treat Oliver ?
- He was so kind to him. Mrs Bedwin, his housekeeper, nursed him
until he restored his health.
62- What did Mrs Bedwin tell Oliver to do ?
- She told him to lie down or he would be ill again.
63- What was strange about the picture of the woman at Mr
Brownlow's house ?
- It was so amazing to Oliver where the eyes, the head and the mouth
were almost the same as his own.
64- Whose painting was on the wall at Mr Brownlow's house ?
- It was a painting of a pretty woman.
65- What was Fagin's reaction for losing Oliver ?
- He was so angry to hear what had happened to Oliver that he threw
a cup of coffee at Charley.
66- What was Fagin afraid of ?
- He was afraid that Oliver would probably tell the police where they
were and what they did.
67- Who was chosen to go and find out what had happened to
Oliver ?
- Nancy was chosen because the police didn’t know her.
49

50. 68- What did Sikes want Nancy to do ?
- He wanted her to go and find out what had happened to Oliver.
69- Who was Nancy ?
- She was a young woman who worked for Mr Sikes.
70- What was Nancy told at the police station ?
- She was told that Oliver had gone somewhere in a coach with Mr
Brownlow.
**********************************************
Drill Yourself
1- Describe Oliver's trip to London.
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2- Who was Jack Dawkins ? Describe him.
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3- What was unexpected for Oliver concerning London ?
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4- What did Jack Dawkins offer Oliver ?
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5- Who was Fagin ?
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6- What did Oliver see Fagin doing ?
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? What things were in Fagin's wooden box -7
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? What did Fagin pick up and threaten Oliver with -8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When did Oliver understand the meaning of the game in -9
? Fagin's house
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50

51. What did Mr Brownlow decide to do when he saw Oliver -10
? lying down on the street
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Why were Oliver's days in Mr Brownlow's house happy -11
? ones
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Describe why and how Mr Brownlow's feelings towards -12
? Oliver changed
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How was Oliver treated at both Mr Fagin's house and Mr -13
? Brownlow's house
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
? What kind of man was Mr Brownlow -41
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? How did Mrs Bedwin feel about Oliver -15
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What did Sikes do when he heard that Oliver was under -16
? arrest
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? What did Fagin want to stop Oliver from doing it -17
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? Why was Nancy sent to the police station -81
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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? e with OliverWhy did the gentleman sympathiz -19
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against their accusation/ How did Oliver defend himself -20
charge?
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51

52. hat information did Nancy tell Fagin ?W -21
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? What was Bill Sikes like -22
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What did Charley and the Artful Dodger do after Oliver was -23
? caught/arrested
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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How far was Oliver like the painting of the woman on the -24
? wall in Mr Brownlow’s house
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? Where did Oliver sleep in Mr Brownlow’s house -25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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ive examples.Brownlow was kindhearted man . GMr -26
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? Who will decide whether Oliver is guilty or not -27
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********************************************
Quotations
1- " You look hungry. Where are you going ? "
a) Who said that ? To whom ?
- Jack Dawkins said that to Oliver Twist.
b) Why did the listener look hungry ?
- Because he ate very little on his way walking to London.
c) Where did these two persons meet ?
- The nurse replied that she didn’t know the mother's name.
2- " Have you got a room there ? or any money ? "
a) Who asked this question ? To whom ?
- Jack Dawkins asked Oliver this question.
52

53. b) What does " there " refer to ?
- It refers to London.
c) What was the reply to this question ?
- Oliver replied that he had almost nothing.
3- " Well, I know a man who will give you work and a room for
nothing. "
a) Who was the man mentioned above ?
- The man mentioned above was Fagin.
b) Why would this man do that for Oliver ?
- Fagin would make use of Oliver as a pickpocket.
c) What did Jack Dawkins’s friends call him ?
- They called him " The Artful Dodger."
4- " Nothing, sir, can I get up now ? "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- Oliver said these words to Fagin.
b) What question was " Nothing " an answer to ?
- Fagin asked Oliver if he had seen him while he was looking at his
stolen things.
c) Where was the speaker sleeping ?
- Oliver was sleeping at Fagin's old house.
5- " They are good ones, but they have marks on them. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- Fagin said these words to Oliver, Jack and Charley.
b) What does the word they refer to ?
- It refers to some silk handkerchiefs.
c) How did the speaker get these things ?
- These silk handkerchiefs were stolen by Jack and Charley.
6- " Let's have breakfast, then we'll show Oliver our little
game. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
- Fagin was the speaker.
b) What was the game mentioned above ?
- Oliver would be shown how to take things from people's pockets.
c) To what extent did Oliver learn the game ?
- Oliver did it cleverly and took a handkerchief from Fagin's pocket.
Fagin felt nothing.
53

54. 7- " Let the boy go free and stop wasting my time. "
a) Who was the speaker ?
- The speaker was the magistrate.
b) Why was the boy arrested ?
- He was accused of stealing a gentleman's handkerchief.
c) When was the boy set free ?
- He was set free when the owner of the bookshop said that he didn’t
steal the handkerchief, but another two boys did that.
8- " Poor boy, somebody call a coach. He must come home
with me."
a) Who was the speaker ?
- The speaker was Mr Brownlow.
b) Why did the speaker sympathize with Oliver ?
- Mr Brownlow knew that Oliver was innocent and he found him lying
down on the street outside the police station.
c) Where did the speaker first see Oliver ?
- He first saw him at the bookshop when he was robbed of his
handkerchief by Jack and Charley.
9- " Oliver will probably tell the police where we are and what
we do. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
- Fagin said these words to Bill Sikes.
b) Why was the speaker so afraid ?
- Fagin was a criminal and trained children to steal. He was afraid he
might have gone to prison.
c) What did the speaker do to stop Oliver from doing that ?
- He gave Nancy and Jack some money and told them not to stop
until they found Oliver.
10- " Go and find Oliver. Don’t stop until you find him, not even for a minute. "
a) Why should Oliver be found ?
- Fagin wanted to find him not to tell the police about his gang.
b) Who was sent to find him ?
- Nancy and Jack were sent for that.
c) Where was Oliver at that time ?
- He was at Mr Brownlow's house.
54

55. Drill Yourself
1- " My friends call me the Artful Dodger. "
a) What's the speaker's real name ?
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b) What does he / she do ?
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c) Where was this statement said ? To whom ?
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2- " A police officer told me that he went somewhere in a coach. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) Why did the speaker go to the police station ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) What does the word he refer to ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3- " You must be quiet, or you'll be ill again. Lie down a dear! "
a) Who said that ? To whom ? Where ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) What was the speaker's job ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) How did the listener go to that place ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4- " Has it gone ? Well done, I felt nothing. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) What did the listener do well ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) What did the speaker decide to do after that ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[
5- " We must find out where he is before he tells anyone about
us. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) What was the speaker afraid of ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
55

56. c) What did they do to solve this problem ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6- " So she can go and find out what's happened. "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) What was Nancy sent for ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) Why was she chosen for that purpose ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7- " They are well made, aren’t they ? "
a) Who said these words ? To whom ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) What does the word they refer to ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) How did the speaker get them ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Correcting mistakes
Correct
Wrong
Sentences
Mr Sowerberry
Mr Brownlow
1- On his way to London, Oliver was careful to hide so as not to be found and be taken to Mr Brownlow.
Jack
Charley
2- Charley told Oliver that he knew
a man who would give him work and a room for nothing.
Signs
Signals
3- Oliver followed the signals on his way to London.
Seven
Ten
4- It took Oliver ten days to reach London.
Artful
Skilful
5- Jack Dawkins's friends called him " The Skilful Dodger. "
Red
Yellow
6- Fagin was an ugly old man with yellow hair.
Meal
Hat
7- Jack seemed to be kind ; He bought Oliver a hat.
Wooden
Golden
8- Oliver saw Fagin taking some things out of a golden box.
56

57. Correct
Wrong
Sentences
Angry
Pleased
9- Fagin was pleased when he saw Oliver looking at his things.
Homeless
Homesick
10- Fagin trained homesick children to be thieves.
Miser
Businessman
11- When Oliver saw Fagin's expensive things, he thought he must have been a businessman.
Stole
Bought
12- Jack and Charley bought some notebooks for Fagin.
Steal
Sell
13- Fagin, Jack and Charley taught Oliver how to sell things.
Game
Match
14- The match which Fagin, Jack and Charley played was the first lesson to Oliver.
Bill Sikes
Brownlow
15- Mr Brownlow was an angry looking man with big, strong shoulders.
Bookshop
Library
16- Mr Brownlow was reading a book outside a library when he was robbed.
Thieves
Workers
17- Jack Dawkins and Charley Bates were workers.
Handkerchief
Watch
18- Jack and Charley stole Mr Brownlow's watch and ran away.
Money
Jewellery
19- Fagin gave Nancy and the Artful Dodger some jewellery to find Oliver.
The bookshop owner
Mr Brownlow
20- Mr Brownlow said that Oliver wasn’t the real thief.
Two other boys
Oliver
21- The bookshop owner said that he saw Oliver running away with the handkerchief.
Oliver
Jack
22- The owner of the bookshop said that Jack didn’t take anything.
Coach
Bus
23- Oliver was carefully put inside
a bus and taken to Mr Brownlow's
house.
Thieves
Policemen
24- Mr Sikes was one of the Policemen.
Mr Sikes
Fagin
25- Nancy was a young woman who worked for Fagin.
57