JAVA GUI PART I

» GUI
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https://www.facebook.com/Oxus20

oxus20@gmail.com

Introduction
AWT Package
Swing Package
Frame vs. JFrame

JAVA
GUI
PART I
Milad Kawesh

Agenda
» Introduction
˃ GUI (Graphical User Interface)
˃ Simple Example

» AWT and Swing Package
˃ AWT
˃ Swing
˃ JFrame vs. Frame
˃ Simple Example
2


Introduction
» A Graphical User Interface (GUI) presents a

user-friendly mechanism for interacting with
an application.
˃ Gives an application a distinctive "look" and "feel".
˃ Consistent, intuitive user-interface components give users a sense of
familiarity .
˃ Learn new applications more quickly and use them more
productively.
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Introduction (cont..)
» Built from GUI components.
˃ Sometimes called controls or widgets

» User interacts via the mouse, the keyboard or another
form of input, such as voice recognition.
» IDEs
˃ Provide GUI design tools to specify a component's exact size and location in a visual
manner by using the mouse.
˃ Generates the GUI code for you.

˃ Greatly simplifies creating GUIs, but each IDE has different capabilities and generates
different code.
4


Simple GUI-Based Input / Output with
JOptionPane
» Most applications use windows or dialog boxes (also called

dialogs) to interact with the user.
» JOptionPane (javax.swing package) provides prebuilt dialog
boxes for input and output
˃ Displayed via static JOptionPane methods.

» Next Example uses two input dialogs to get input from the

user and a message dialog to display the sum of the given
input.

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Simple GUI example
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
public class Multiplier {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String firstNumber = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter first number");
String secondNumber = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Second number");

int number1 = Integer.parseInt(firstNumber);
int number2 = Integer.parseInt(secondNumber);
int result = number1 * number2;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "The Multiply of " + number1
+ " and " +number2 + " is " + result, "Result", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
}
}
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Preview

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More on GUI
"AWT and Swing"
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AWT Vs. Swing
» When Java was first released in 1995, it contained a GUI API
referred to as the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT).
» The classes and interfaces of the AWT are in the java.awt
package.

» Aware of the need for a more robust API for creating GUI
applications, Sun Microsystems teamed together with

Netscape (and other industry partners) then created Swing
package.

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AWT Vs. Swing (cont.)
» Swing is actually a part of the Java Foundation Classes

(JFC).
» The classes and interfaces of Swing are found in the
javax.swing package.
» AWT components are referred to as heavyweight
components because their implementation relies
heavily on the underlying Operating System.
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AWT Vs. Swing (cont.)
» The look and feel of AWT components depend on the platform
the program is running on.
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For example, an AWT button will look like a Windows button when the program is run on a Windows
platform.

» Swing components are referred to as lightweight components
because their implementation does not rely on the underlying
Operating System.
» Because Swing components are lightweight, their appearance is
determined by you, the programmer, and not by which platform
the program is running.
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Converting Frame to JFrame
» The names of the Swing classes all begin with a capital

"J" , like JButton, JLabel, JFrame.
» For the most part, an AWT program can be converted

to a Swing program by adding a capital J to the class
names used in the source code and recompiling the
code.
12


Creating Windows
» The basic starting point of a GUI is the container because you need a
container before you can start laying out your components.
» The java.awt.Frame and javax.swing.JFrame classes are containers that
represent a basic window with a title bar and common windowing capabilities
such as resizing, minimizing, maximizing, and closing.
» When working with JFrame objects, there are basically three steps involved to
get a JFrame window to appear on the screen:
˃ Instantiate the JFrame object in memory.
˃ Give the JFrame object a size using setSize(), setBounds(), or pack().
˃ Make the Frame appear on the screen by invoking setVisible(true).
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JFrame and Frame Constructors
The java.awt.Frame class has four constructors:
» public Frame() or JFrame()
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Creates a new frame with no message in the title bar.

» public Frame(String title) or JFrame(String title)
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Creates a new frame with the given String appearing in the title bar.

» public Frame(GraphicsConfiguration gc) or
JFrame(GraphicsConfiguration gc)
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Creates a frame with the specified GraphicsConfiguration of a screen device.

» public Frame(String title, GraphicsConfiguration gc) or JFrame(String
title, GraphicsConfiguration gc)
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Creates a frame with the specified title and GraphicsConfiguration.


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javax.swing.JFrame Class
» The javax.swing.JFrame class represents a window similar to
Frame, except that JFrame adds support for the Swing
component architecture.
» However, a JFrame is different in terms of how components are
added to the Frame.
» A JFrame has three panes that components can be added to:
˃ a content pane
˃ a glass pane
˃ and a root pane.

» Typically, the content pane will contain all of the components of
the JFrame.

15

Simple Example of JFrame
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class GUIDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame window = new JFrame(); //create frame in memory
window.setTitle( "Oxus20" );
// Set tittle to frame
window.setSize(300, 300);
// Set Size to frame
window.setLocationRelativeTo(null); //Set location to center of monitor
//let program to close
window.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
window.setVisible(true);
// Let frame to be visible on screen
}
}

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END

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