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Earth Science




                                                                              by Jennifer Reynolds
  Genre      Comprehension Skill     Text Features      Science Content

Nonfiction   Retell                 • captions           Fossils and
                                   • Labels             Dinosaurs
                                   • Glossary




Scott Foresman Science 2.7


                                                 ISBN 0-328-13787-1




                                                ì<(sk$m)=bdhihj< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
Vocabulary                                                                                                     What Fossils learn? Dinosaurs
                                                                                                                    did you and
dinosaur                                                                                                       1. What can paleontologists learn from fossils?
fossil                                                                                                                 by extinct mean?
                                                                                                               2. What doesJennifer Reynolds
extinct                                                                                                        3.                          Paleontologists changed
                                                                                                                    their minds about Oviraptors when they
paleontologist
                                                                                                                    found new fossils. Write to explain what they
                                                                                                                    thought at different times. Use words from the
                                                                                                                    book as you write.
                                                                                                               4.        Retell In your own words tell about how
                                                                                                                    the lizard fossil on page 4 was formed.




Illustrations: 4, 5, 14 Big Sesh Studios
Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for
photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its
attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott
Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom
(B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd)
Opener: Big Sesh Studios; Title Page: ©DK Images; 2 ©Richard T. Nowitz/Corbis; 3 (TL) ©Scott W.
Smith/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BR) Colin Keates, Courtesy of the Natural History Museum,
London/©DK Images; 6 Natural History Museum/©DK Images; 7 Natural History Museum /©DK Images;
8 (CC, B) ©DK Images; 9 (TR, B) ©DK Images; 10 ©DK Images; 11 Giuliano Fornari/©DK Images;
12 ©Francois Gohler/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 13 ©The Natural History Museum, London

ISBN: 0-328-13787-1

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is
protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior
to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any
form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For
information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman,
1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
How can we learn                                A fossil is a print of a plant or animal from
about the past?                                 long ago.
                                                Fossils can be footprints.
Rocks can tell stories about the past.          Fossils can be parts of plants or animals.
Scientists called paleontologists look          Some fossils are old bones.
at rocks.
They use them to tell what plants and
animals were like long ago.
These rocks may be fossils.                                            Fossil of an animal
                                                                       footprint in the mud



                     A paleontologist at work

                                                                                          Fossil of
                                                                                          a leaf in
                                                                                          the mud




2                                                                                                 3
How Fossils Form                    Many years went by.
This is a lizard fossil.            The sand and mud turned into rock.
The lizard lived long ago.          The print of the lizard got left in the rock.
The lizard died.                    Now it is a fossil.
It got covered with sand and mud.




4                                                                                   5
What can we learn                            Sometimes plants and animals stop getting
                                             what they need.
from fossils?
                                             Plants and animals die when this happens.
Fossils tell about plants and animals        Plants and animals may become extinct
of the past.                                 when habitats change.
Some plants and animals do not live on
Earth anymore.
They are extinct.
Fossils can tell about extinct plants
and animals.


                                                                         This Archaeopteryx
                                                                         is now extinct.




                             Archaeopteryx
                             fossil




6                                                                                             7
What were dinosaurs like?              Some dinosaurs were big.
                                       Some dinosaurs were small.
Dinosaurs were animals that lived      Some dinosaurs ate plants.
a long time ago.                       Some dinosaurs ate other animals.
Now dinosaurs are extinct.
They do not live on Earth anymore.




                                                       This dinosaur was the
                                                       size of a chicken.

                      Barosaurus
                      was very tall.




                                                                          This dinosaur
                                                                          ate other
                                                                          dinosaurs.




8                                                                                         9
Learning about Dinosaurs                        Fossils show that a Stegosaurus had
Some dinosaur bones have turned                 a large body.
into fossils.                                   It had a small head and a small mouth.
Paleontologists look at these fossils.          Paleontologists think this dinosaur ate plants.
These fossils give clues about what dinosaurs
looked like.




                                                                               Stegosaurus



  Stegosaurus skeleton



10                                                                                           11
What are some new                               Then palentologists found another
                                                Oviraptor fossil.
discoveries?
                                                This Oviraptor fossil was sitting on the eggs.
Paleontologists found these fossils of eggs.    Now paleontologists think the eggs were the
They also found a fossil of an Oviraptor near   Oviraptor’s own eggs.
the eggs.                                       They think the Oviraptor was keeping its
They thought the Oviraptor took the eggs to     eggs safe.
eat them.



                                                  Egg fossils




         Eggs



                Oviraptor




12                                                                                           13
Paleontologists learn different things from   Fossils can give us some clues about these
different fossils.                            plants and animals.
Paleontologists ask questions about life on   What questions do you have about life on
Earth long ago.                               Earth long ago?




14                                                                                         15
Glossary
Vocabulary                                                                                                     What did you learn?
dinosaur
dinosaur                                     animals that lived on Earth                                       1. What can paleontologists learn from fossils?
fossil                                       long ago                                                          2. What does extinct mean?
extinct
extinct                                      no longer living on Earth                                         3.                          Paleontologists changed
                                                                                                                    their minds about Oviraptors when they
paleontologist
fossil                                       a print or part of a plant or                                          found new fossils. Write to explain what they
                                             animal from long ago                                                   thought at different times. Use words from the
                                                                                                                    book as you write.
paleontologist                               a scientist who studies fossils
                                                                                                               4.        Retell In your own words tell about how
                                                                                                                    the lizard fossil on page 4 was formed.




Illustrations: 4, 5, 14 Big Sesh Studios
Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for
photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its
attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott
Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom
(B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd)
Opener: Big Sesh Studios; Title Page: ©DK Images; 2 ©Richard T. Nowitz/Corbis; 3 (TL) ©Scott W.
Smith/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BR) Colin Keates, Courtesy of the Natural History Museum,
London/©DK Images; 6 Natural History Museum/©DK Images; 7 Natural History Museum /©DK Images;
8 (CC, B) ©DK Images; 9 (TR, B) ©DK Images; 10 ©DK Images; 11 Giuliano Fornari/©DK Images;
12 ©Francois Gohler/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 13 ©The Natural History Museum, London

ISBN: 0-328-13787-1

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is
protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior
to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any
form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For
information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman,
1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
16

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Fossils and Dinosaurs

  • 1. Earth Science by Jennifer Reynolds Genre Comprehension Skill Text Features Science Content Nonfiction Retell • captions Fossils and • Labels Dinosaurs • Glossary Scott Foresman Science 2.7 ISBN 0-328-13787-1 ì<(sk$m)=bdhihj< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
  • 2. Vocabulary What Fossils learn? Dinosaurs did you and dinosaur 1. What can paleontologists learn from fossils? fossil by extinct mean? 2. What doesJennifer Reynolds extinct 3. Paleontologists changed their minds about Oviraptors when they paleontologist found new fossils. Write to explain what they thought at different times. Use words from the book as you write. 4. Retell In your own words tell about how the lizard fossil on page 4 was formed. Illustrations: 4, 5, 14 Big Sesh Studios Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Opener: Big Sesh Studios; Title Page: ©DK Images; 2 ©Richard T. Nowitz/Corbis; 3 (TL) ©Scott W. Smith/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BR) Colin Keates, Courtesy of the Natural History Museum, London/©DK Images; 6 Natural History Museum/©DK Images; 7 Natural History Museum /©DK Images; 8 (CC, B) ©DK Images; 9 (TR, B) ©DK Images; 10 ©DK Images; 11 Giuliano Fornari/©DK Images; 12 ©Francois Gohler/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 13 ©The Natural History Museum, London ISBN: 0-328-13787-1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
  • 3. How can we learn A fossil is a print of a plant or animal from about the past? long ago. Fossils can be footprints. Rocks can tell stories about the past. Fossils can be parts of plants or animals. Scientists called paleontologists look Some fossils are old bones. at rocks. They use them to tell what plants and animals were like long ago. These rocks may be fossils. Fossil of an animal footprint in the mud A paleontologist at work Fossil of a leaf in the mud 2 3
  • 4. How Fossils Form Many years went by. This is a lizard fossil. The sand and mud turned into rock. The lizard lived long ago. The print of the lizard got left in the rock. The lizard died. Now it is a fossil. It got covered with sand and mud. 4 5
  • 5. What can we learn Sometimes plants and animals stop getting what they need. from fossils? Plants and animals die when this happens. Fossils tell about plants and animals Plants and animals may become extinct of the past. when habitats change. Some plants and animals do not live on Earth anymore. They are extinct. Fossils can tell about extinct plants and animals. This Archaeopteryx is now extinct. Archaeopteryx fossil 6 7
  • 6. What were dinosaurs like? Some dinosaurs were big. Some dinosaurs were small. Dinosaurs were animals that lived Some dinosaurs ate plants. a long time ago. Some dinosaurs ate other animals. Now dinosaurs are extinct. They do not live on Earth anymore. This dinosaur was the size of a chicken. Barosaurus was very tall. This dinosaur ate other dinosaurs. 8 9
  • 7. Learning about Dinosaurs Fossils show that a Stegosaurus had Some dinosaur bones have turned a large body. into fossils. It had a small head and a small mouth. Paleontologists look at these fossils. Paleontologists think this dinosaur ate plants. These fossils give clues about what dinosaurs looked like. Stegosaurus Stegosaurus skeleton 10 11
  • 8. What are some new Then palentologists found another Oviraptor fossil. discoveries? This Oviraptor fossil was sitting on the eggs. Paleontologists found these fossils of eggs. Now paleontologists think the eggs were the They also found a fossil of an Oviraptor near Oviraptor’s own eggs. the eggs. They think the Oviraptor was keeping its They thought the Oviraptor took the eggs to eggs safe. eat them. Egg fossils Eggs Oviraptor 12 13
  • 9. Paleontologists learn different things from Fossils can give us some clues about these different fossils. plants and animals. Paleontologists ask questions about life on What questions do you have about life on Earth long ago. Earth long ago? 14 15
  • 10. Glossary Vocabulary What did you learn? dinosaur dinosaur animals that lived on Earth 1. What can paleontologists learn from fossils? fossil long ago 2. What does extinct mean? extinct extinct no longer living on Earth 3. Paleontologists changed their minds about Oviraptors when they paleontologist fossil a print or part of a plant or found new fossils. Write to explain what they animal from long ago thought at different times. Use words from the book as you write. paleontologist a scientist who studies fossils 4. Retell In your own words tell about how the lizard fossil on page 4 was formed. Illustrations: 4, 5, 14 Big Sesh Studios Photographs: Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman, a division of Pearson Education. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R) Background (Bkgd) Opener: Big Sesh Studios; Title Page: ©DK Images; 2 ©Richard T. Nowitz/Corbis; 3 (TL) ©Scott W. Smith/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BR) Colin Keates, Courtesy of the Natural History Museum, London/©DK Images; 6 Natural History Museum/©DK Images; 7 Natural History Museum /©DK Images; 8 (CC, B) ©DK Images; 9 (TR, B) ©DK Images; 10 ©DK Images; 11 Giuliano Fornari/©DK Images; 12 ©Francois Gohler/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 13 ©The Natural History Museum, London ISBN: 0-328-13787-1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 16