5. MECHANICAL ENERGY
There are two types of
mechanical energy:
Kinetic energy: is the energy that
objects have when they are in
motion. For example the wind
mill.
Potential energy: is the energy
that the objects have when they
are moved from their stable
position of equilibrium. For
example an arch.
6. ELECTRICAL ENERGY
It is the energy associated with an
electrical current. For example
high voltage network.
8. SOUND ENERGY
It is associated with
sounds waves that
are transmitted
through vibrations.
For example a
megaphone.
9. CHEMICAL ENERGY
Chemical energy is
stored in substances. It
can be realasedor
absorbed during
chemical processes.
For exampe a battery.
10. NUCLEAR ENERGY
Its contained in the
nuclei of atoms. It
realised by a nuclear
reaction. Also it can
be called atomic
energy.
For example a
nuclear power plant.
13. ENERGY SOURCES
Energy sources are natural resources that provides
different formes of energy.This energy is transformed
for especific uses.
Energy sources are classified into renewable and non-
renewable sources.
14. NON-RENEWABLE
SOURCES
Non-renwable energy sources come from
natural resources that are limited and we only
can use them once. The main sources of
energy that we use are:
-Nuclear energy
-Fosil fuels
-
15. NUCLEAR ENERGY
Production: this energy is stored
in the nuclei of atoms, it is
realised in the nuclear reaction
that occurs in certain atoms.
There are two kinds
-Nuclear fusion: when two light
nuclei joints two form a hevier
nucleus.
-Nuclear fission: When a heavy
nucleus is divided into two
lighter nuclei by bombarding it
with neutrons.
Transformation: nuclear power
stations use fission energy.
16. COAL
Extraction: there are two
methods for extracting it:
-Open cast mines when the coal
is close to the surface.
-Underground mines when the
mineral is burried deep below
the surface.
Transport: by sea, by land and
by road.
Uses:
-For energy: to generate
electricity.
Nowadays: For central heating
systems
In the past: For street lighting
17. PETROLEUM
It is formed from the buried
remains of plants and
animals that have
descomposed.
Extracting: From land or
under the sea, using pumps
and the extraxted petroleum
contains salt water, rock,
mud and gas, so it is then
purified.
Storage and transport:
-Oil tankers
-Oil pipelines
18. NATURAL GAS
It is a mixture of gases formed from
descomposed plants and animals.
Extraction: It is expenses to extract and it is
extrated by drilling.
Storage and transport:
1.Natural gas is transported from gas fields
by gas piperlines to a liquefaction plant
2. It is convert into liquid.
3.It is transformed in LNG carries.
4.Then its returned to a gaseus state and it is
transported once again through gas
piperlines.
Uses: It is used in industry and in homes to
produce thermal energy and in thermal
power station to obtain elecrtical energy.
19. RENEWABLE ENERGY
It comes from unlimited natural resources.
There are differnet types:
-Hydraulic energy
-Solar energy
-Wiind energy
-Marine energy
-Geothermal energy
-Biomass energy
-Energy produced from municipal solid waste
20. HYDRAULIC ENERGY
This is the mechanical energy
produced by the movement of water.
Production: We build dams to store
river water.
Transportation: Mos hydraulic energy
is used to produce electricicy in
hydroelectric power stations.
Advantages: It is cheap, clean and
non-pollutid.
Desadvantages: Building power
station is very expensive, if the dams
breaks, there is a risk of a
catastrophe...
21. SOLAR ENERGY
It is capable of taking advantage of
light to convert it into chemical
energy. Solar energy is produced by
thermonuclear radiation from
inside the sun.
Advantages: It is clean, big power
statioons are not needed and itś
unlimited.
Disadvantages: its variable source
of energy, solar pannels are very
expensive.
22. WIND ENERGY
It has used since ancient times to
move sailing ships.
Production and transportation: It
is produced by the effect of
radiation on the atmosphere. The
wind's kinetic energy is
converted into electricity.
Advantages: It is unlimited and
non-polluting, the cost of
manteining at wind farms is low.
Desadvanteges: It is a variable
source of energy, wind turbines
produce noise pollution...
23. MARINE ENERGY
There are several means
for generating energy
from the sea:
Tidal energy can be
extracted from the tides.
24. POWER STATIONS
A power station is an industrial facility for the
generation of electric power.
At the center of nearly all power stations is a
generator, a rotating machine that converts
mechanical power into electrical power.
There are many types:
-Nuclear Power Station
-Thermal Power Station
-Solar Power Station
-Heolic Power Station
-Hidraulic Power Station
25. NUCLEAR POWER
STATION
A nuclear power
plant is a thermal
power station in
which the heat
source is one or more
nuclear reactors.
26. THERMAL POWER STATION
A thermal power
station is a power
plant in which
the prime
mover is steam driven
.
30. WIND TURBINES
Wind turbines have long produced
renewable energy but a French
engineering firm has discovered another
eco-purpose for the towering structures.
One turbine can produce up to 1,000 liters
of water every day, depending on the level
of humidity, temperature an
wind speeds.
31. One turbine can produce up to
1,000 liters of water every day,
depending on the level of
humidity, temperature an
wind speeds.
