important bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases of cattle with good quality images for veterinarians in filed and college as well for better diagnosis of diseases in quick review form in presentation mode

1. Common diseases of cattle
- in pathology view (in India)
Dr.Pavulraj. S
M.V.Sc., Scholar(NRCE)
Division of Pathology
Indian Veterinary Research
Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly,
U.P., India
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
1

2. List of common diseases
Bacterial diseases
• Tuberculosis
• Paratuberculosis
• Brucellosis
• Hemorrhagic septicemia
• Joint ill/ naval ill/ omphalitis
Viral diseases
• Foot and mouth diseases
• Infectious bovine rhino tracheitis
• Rinderpest
Haemoprotozoan disease
• Theileriosis
Parasitic disease
• Fascioliasis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
2

3. Tuberculosis
• Chronic bacterial disease of animal
• Caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, M.bovis
• Characterized by presence of tubercle nodules
in lungs, spleen, lymphnodes
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
3

4. Granuloma in the lungs
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
4

5. Consolidation of lung
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
5

6. Tuberculous granuloma in the
mediastinal lymph node
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
6

7. Nodules of tubercle present in lung
containing cheesy mass
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
7

8. Granulomatous lesion in LN, liver,
intestine
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
8

9. Spleen- Caseous nodules on the
surface
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
9

10. TB- Nodules on the diaphragm, liver
and spleen
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
10

11. Tubercle in
pleura, masentry, peritoneum – pearl’s
disease
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
11

12. Uterus -Endometrium contains
numerous raised tubercles
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
12

13. TB- Mastitis and granuloma in the
bone marrow
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
13

14. Differential diagnosis
• Lung abscesses
• Pleurisy and pericarditis - traumatic reticulitis
• Contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
14

15. Paratuberculosis
• A chronic bacterial disease of bovine, ovine
and caprine
• Caused by Mycobacterium avium sub sp.
paratuberculosis
• Characterized by
dehydration, emaciation, chronic diarrrhoea
and thickening of intestine - corrugations
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
15

16. Emaciation and cachexia
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
16

17. Mesenteric lymph nodes enlarged
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
17

18. Thickened, edematous ileum and distended
lymphatics on the serosal surface
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (copy right protected)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
18

19. Thickening of intestine wall
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
19

20. Presence of corrugations
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
20

21. Corrugations can’t be removed even
after stretching of intestine wall – look
like brain
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
21

22. Differential diagnosis
• Parasitism
• Malnutrition
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
22

23. Brucellosis
• It is a infectious bacterial disease of animals
• Characterized by abortion in late gestation
and formation of granulomatous lesions in
genital organs, joints, fetal liver and
indurations of mammary glands
• Caused by Brucella abortus in cattle
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
23

24. Edematous placenta
yellowish granular necrotic areas in cotyledons
and chorion is opaque and thickened with a
leathery consistency. Called leathery placenta.
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
Necrosis
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
of cotyledons
24

25. Edema of fetus, serosanguinous fluid
in body cavities
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
25

26. Pneumonia and necrotic foci in liver of
fetus
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
26

27. Enlarged scrotum in males
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
27

28. Orchitis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
28

29. Hygroma
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
29

30. Differential diagnosis
•
•
•
•
•
IBR
Vibriosis
Leptospirosis
Trichomoniasis
Nutritional and physiological causes
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
30

31. Hemorrhagic septicemia
• Highly contagious bacterial disease of bovine
• Characterized by edematous swelling in neck
region, pneumonia and wide spread of
hemorrhage in visceral organs
• Caused by Pasteurella multocida
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
31

32. Edema of neck and brisket region
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
32

33. Subcutaneous edema
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
33

34. Serosanguinous fluid in
peritoneal, pleural and pericardial
cavity
Serosanguinous fluid in pericardial cavity
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
34

35. Epicardial hemorrhages
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
35

36. HS- Petechial on the Heart and Lung
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
36

37. Pneumonia
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
37

38. Lungs – congested and consolidated –
marbling
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
- Fibrinous bronchopneumonia
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
38

39. HS- Hemorrhage on the serosal surface
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
39

40. Hemorrhagic gastro-enteritis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
40

41. HS- Chronic cases- Necrotic patch on
the liver
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
41

42. Hemorrhage - Brain
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
42

43. Differential diagnosis
•
•
•
•
Anthrax
Blackleg
Acute leptospirosis
Rinderpest
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
43

44. Foot and mouth
• It is a contagious viral disease of cloven footed
animals
• Caused by Picorna virus
• Characterized by presence of vesicles in oral
mucosa and foot
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
44

45. FMD: Mouth lesions
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
45

46. Ruptured vesicle in gum
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
46

47. Vesicles causing
extensive erosion in mouth
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
47

48. Infected FMD lesion - tongue
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
48

49. Ulceration of tongue
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
49

50. Rupture of vesicle leading to necrotic area in feet
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
50

51. Vesicle on teat
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
51

52. Ruptured vesicle in the teat
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
52

53. Erosions on the ruminal mucosa
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
53

54. Tigroid appearance - Degeneration
and necrosis in myocardium
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
54

55. Differential diagnosis
•
•
•
•
•
Vesicular stomatitis
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
Malignant catarrhal fever
Bovine viral diarrhea
Rinderpest
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
55

56. Infectious bovine rhino tracheitis
• Infectious viral disease of cattle
• Caused by Herpes virus
• Characterized by conjunctivitis, hemorrhagic
tracheitis, encephalitis in calves and abortion
and mastitis in cows
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
56

57. Congested mucus membrane
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
57

58. Purulent oculo-nasal discharge
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
58

59. Necrotic white plaques in nasal mucosa
Friday, October 18, 2013
Necrotic plaques on the mucosa and
mucocutaneous junction
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
59

60. Multifocal white plaques - palpebral
conjunctiva
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
60

61. Hemorrhagic laryngotracheitis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
61

62. Rhinotracheitis, mucopurulent exudate
in trachea
Nasal septum necrosis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
62

63. Pustules in vulva/vagina, glans penis
and prepuce
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
63

64. Necrotic lesion in liver of aborted fetus
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
64

65. Differential diagnosis
•
•
•
•
Shipping Fever
Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Pinkeye
Mucosal Disease
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
65

66. Rinderpest
• Is a acute contagious viral disease caused by
Morbilli virus
• Characterized by erosive mouth lesions and
hemorrhagic enteritis
• Has been eradicated from India (25 -06-2006)
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
66

67. •Salivation:
excessive & frothy
•Serous oculonasal
discharge
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
67

68. Conjunctivitis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
68

69. Necrosis and erosion of the gum above
the dental pad and inside the upper lip
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
69

70. Erosions in the inside of the upper lip
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
70

71. Ulcer on lower lip
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
71

72. Necrotic Peyer's patches
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
72

73. Rectum - Hyperemia of the
longitudinal folds (zebra striping)
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
73

74. Zebra marking in large intestine
Some time petechial hemorrhage in
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Friday,bladder, vagina and other mucous membrane
October 18, 2013
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
74

75. Differential diagnosis
• Mucosal disease
• Malignant catarrhal fever
• Foot and mouth disease
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
75

76. Theileriosis
• Infectious disease of animal caused by
haemoprotozoan parasite
• Characterized by enlargement of lymph
nodes, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage in
kidneys and liver, ulcers in abomasum and
catarrhal enteritis
• Etiology – Theileria annulata
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
76

77. Lymph node enlargement
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
77

78. Enlarged and hemorrhagic lymph
nodes
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
78

79. Abomasal ulcers
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
79

80. Swollen edematous lungs & interstitial pneumonia
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
80

81. Other lesions
• Enlarged and mottled liver
• Infarcts, thrombosis and lymphoid
hypertrophy in spleen
• Hemorrhagic and ulcerative enteritis
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
81

82. Differential diagnosis
• Hemorrhagic septicemia
• Babesiosis
• Malignant catarrhal fever
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
82

83. Fascioliasis
• Fascioliasis is caused by different liver
flukes(Trematode)
• Etiology
– Fasciola gigantica
– Fasciola hepatica
– Fasciola magna - one of the largest of flukes
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
83

84. • Emaciated, anemic or edematous carcass in
severe chronic infestations
• Presence of flukes in enlarged and thickened
bile ducts and in the liver parenchyma
• Hepatic abscesses and secondary bacterial
infection
• Calcification of bile ducts
• Hemorrhagic tracts of migratory immature
flukes in the liver and some time lungs in an
acute infestation
• Icterus due to liver damage
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
84

85. Submandibular edema
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
85

86. Flukes in bile ducts and liver
parenchyma
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
86

87. Thickening of bile duct
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
87

88. Young fluke of Fasciola magna
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
88

89. Joint ill/ naval ill/ omphalitis
• Infectious disease of newborn animal
• Infection start at umbilicus and spread to
joints
• Characterized by swelling of umblilicus &
joints and drainage of pus
• Caused by
– E.coli
– Staphylococcus sp.,
– Actinomyces pyogenes
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
89

90. • Seen in colostrum denied young calves
• Infection of umbilicus lead to omphalitis &
cystitis
• Bacterial infection produce bacteremia and
infect joints leading to arthritis
• Abscess formation and congestion of visceral
organs
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
90

91. Swelling of umbilicus
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
91

92. Swelling of the joints
Septic arthritis involving the distal
limb, fetlocks and pastern joints in all limbs
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
92

93. Discharge of pus from the joints
Large fibrin clots in the carpal joint
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
Edematous, hyperemic
synovial membrane
93

94. Liver abscess
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
94

95. Grey foci in renal cortex and
hemorrhage in medulla
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
95

96. Differential diagnosis
• Hematoma – contain blood
• Umbilical hernia – hernial ring, sac, contents
• Patent urachus – retention of urine
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author) M.V.Sc.,
Pathology scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
96

97. Thank you
For your kind attention and
reading. Be the best and proud
to be a ‘Great
Veterinarian’
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
97

98. References
• Color atlas of diseases and disorders of cattle
-Roger W.Blowey
• Rebhun’s Disease of dairy cattle
-Thomas J.Divers
• Veterinary pathology
-RS Chauhan
• http://compepid.tuskegee.edu
• http://www.fao.org
Friday, October 18, 2013
Dr.Pavulraj.S, (original author)
M.V.Sc., Pathology
scholar, IVRI(NRCE), India
98