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1. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
Facility Lanzhou
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Danish CDM Project Development Facility
in China
丹麦在中国设立的CDM项目开发基金
Presentation in Lanzhou
Casper van der Tak,
Caspervandertak Consulting
July 2005
兰州
范德华
Caspervandertak咨询公司
2005年7月

2. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
Facility Lanzhou
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Goals of the Presentation 演讲目的
• Provide information about the Danish CDM Project Development Facility in
China 提供有关丹麦在中国设立CDM项目开发基金的信息；
• Encourage project owners and consultants to submit projects and interest to
provide consulting services.
鼓励项目所有方和咨询顾问提交项目建议和咨询服务。
• Note: 注意
– Project development facility is under development. 项目开发基金正在
成立之中；
– Procedures will be finalized later in July. Check out:
www.caspervandertakconsulting.com/Danida.htm
工作程序会在7月下旬确定，请关注上面的网站；
– Contact pdf@caspervandertakconsulting.com for full procedures
请与上面的邮件地址联系，可了解整个工作程序；

3. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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Background 背景
• The Kyoto Protocol and European burden sharing agreement require
Denmark to reduce emissions of Greenhouse Gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6,
PF5, HFCs)
京都议定书和欧盟的负担分摊协议都要求丹麦减少温室气体排放
• Denmark needs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in 2008-2012 by about
20 million tons of CO2 eq.
丹麦需要在2008－2012年间减少温室气体排放约2000万吨CO2当量
• Reductions to be achieved within Denmark and outside Denmark
可在丹麦国内和国外开展减排行动
• One opportunity to obtain emission reductions – buy emission reductions
achieved in countries without emission reduction obligations, for example
China, through CDM. 获得减排量的一个机会就是从没有减排责任的国家，
如中国，通过CDM活动购买减排量。

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What is CDM? 什么是CDM
• Investment in a project in countries without obligation to reduce
greenhouse gas emission; for example China
对没有减排责任的国家，如中国，进行项目投资；
• The project results in a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
项目可以产生温室气体减排
• Those greenhouse gas emission reductions would not happen in
absence of CDM
如果没有CDM活动，这些温室气体减排就不可能产生
• Sale of the greenhouse gas emission reductions to a country that has
the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; for example
Denmark.
向另一个具有减排责任的国家，如丹麦，出售温室气体减排量。
• See http://cdm.unfccc.int and http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn
查阅这两个网址

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What type of projects are eligible for CDM?
什么类型的项目对CDM是合格的
• Renewable energy projects – windparks, hydropower
projects, biomass and biogas projects, geothermal, tidal...
可再生能源项目－风电场，水电项目，生物质和沼气
项目，地热，潮汐能，
• Energy efficiency projects 能效项目
• Fuel-switch projects 燃料转换项目
• Landfill gas capture projects 垃圾填埋气回收项目
• Coal-bed methane capture and utilization projects
煤层甲烷气回收及利用项目
• HFC capture and N2O capture HFC收集及N2O收集
• Etc. 等等

6. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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CDM Process (simplified)
CDM工作流程（简化）
• Writing of Project Design Document (PDD)编写项目设计文件
• Obtain host government approval 获得东道国政府批准
• Negotiate ERPA 进行减排量购买协议谈判
• Validate PDD 对项目设计文件进行审定
• Register Project 项目注册
• Implement project, generate emission reductions
项目实施，产生减排
• Verify emission reductions 核查减排量
• Certification of emission reductions (CERs) 核证减排量
• Deliver CERs to buyer 向买方交付核证减排量
• Get paid for CERs 通过核证减排量获得支付款

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The Danish CDM Project Development Facility
丹麦CDM项目开发基金
Objectives 目标
• Development of Chinese capacity to write PDDs
培养中国人员编写PDD的能力
– Technical support 技术支持
– Financial support 资金支持
• Purchase of Certified Emission Reductions by Denmark, from the projects it supports
丹麦从其支持的项目中购买核证减排量
– ERPA, with payment for Third-Party Costs
减排量购买协议，含对第三方支付的费用
– Number of projects and amount of CERs depending on supply
项目的数量和核证减排量的数量取决于市场供应情况
• At least 10 projects resulting in CER delivery
至少有10个项目能实现核证减排量的交付
• At least 10 million tons of CO2 eq. until 2012
到2012年至少要交付1000万吨CO2当量的减排量

8. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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Development of Chinese capacity to write PDDs – 1
培养中国人员编写PDD的能力－1
• Learning by doing: writing of PDD with technical and
financial support
边做边学：借助技术支持和资金支持编写PDD
– By Project Owner staff 项目所有方的人员
– By Project Owner’s consultants 项目所有方的咨询人员
– By hired consultants 聘用的咨询顾问
– At least 50% of work and 50% of financial support to Chinese
consultants, if Chinese consultants work with international
consultants
如果中国咨询顾问与国际顾问一起工作，中国咨询顾问至少会
得到50%的工作量和50%的资金支持

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Development of Chinese capacity to write PDDs – 2
培养中国人员编写PDD的能力－2
Technical support Financial support
技术支持 资金支持
Time
时间

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How could Chinese CDM consultants participate?
中国CDM咨询顾问如何参与项目？
• The Danish CDM Project Development Facility is looking
for consultants (individuals and companies)
丹麦项目开发基金正在寻找咨询顾问（个人或公司）
• Send description of experience and background
发送工作经验和背景
– Staff 员工
– Company 公司
– CDM projects CDM项目
– International cooperation projects 国际合作项目
– Language skills 语言技能
• To: pdf@caspervandertakconsulting.com

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How could Chinese CDM consultants participate? – 2
中国CDM咨询顾问如何参与项目？--2
• Or: identify potential CDM projects 或者：识别潜在的CDM项目
• Sign contract with the project entity 与项目实体签署合同
• Submit the project to the Danish CDM Project Development
Facility (discussed next)
向丹麦CDM项目开发基金提交项目(后面有详细介绍)
• If we select the project, we could hire the consultant to work on the
project submitted (if the consultant is inexperienced with low
financial support and high technical support) 如果我们选择了该
项目，我们会聘请顾问为所提交的项目工作(如果咨询顾问经
验不足，资金支持程度会较低而技术支持程度会较高)

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Purchase of CERs 购买核证减排量
• Denmark will pay market prices, depending on risk distribution
and delivery conditions
丹麦愿意支持市场价格，取决于风险分担和交付条件
• Takes risk by paying for: 通过支付以下费用承担风险
– project development costs 项目开发费用
– Third party costs 第三方费用
• Different variants for transaction 交易的不同变量
– Standard ERPA with call option标有购买选择权的标准减排量购买协议
– ERPA with put option(under discussion with the Climate Change Office)
标明选择权的减排量购买协议(仍与气候变化办公室在商量之中)

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Outline for procedure 工作程序大纲
• Project owner reviews procedures, LOI and ERPA of the Facility
项目所有方审查基金工作程序、意向书和减排量购买协议
• Project owner prepares PIN (WB format) with additional information，or
PIN following facility format, and sends it to the facility:
项目所有方按照世界银行格式准备项目信息文件及补充信息，或按照
基金格式准备项目信息文件，发往基金的工作邮箱：
pdf@caspervandertakconsulting.com
• Facility screens and selects, in consultation with CCO
基金与气候变化办公室共同筛选和选择项目
• Signing of LOI 签署意向书
• Development of PDD with support from the Facility
在基金的支持下开发项目设计文件
• ERPA Negotiations and signing 减排量购买协议谈判及签署
• Host government approval, validation, registration
东道国政府批准，项目审定及注册

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Information to be submitted (English language)
需要提交的文件(采用英文)
• PIN 项目信息文件
• Approval status (Project approval, feasibility study, environmental impact
statement, power price agreement)
项目批准情况(项目批准函，可行性研究，环境评价表，购电协议)
• Outline of the additionality argument (two pages), use standard tool of the
UNFCCC 额外性论文概述(两页纸)，采用UNFCCC标准工具
• Methodology to be used (already approved, in process table, new
methodology to be developed – check http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies)
所采用的方法学(在进程表中填写，已经批准的方法学或要新开发的方法
学，请查阅http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies)
• Status of project financing 项目融资情况
• Authorizations 授权书
• Comments on the LOI and ERPA 对意向书和减排量购买协议的意见反馈

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Project selection criteria – 1
项目选择标准－1
Chinese criteria 中方的要求标准
• Project owner at least 51% Chinese enterprise
项目所有方的中方企业股份至少为51%
• The project satisfies general Chinese laws for investment projects
项目满足中国法律对项目投资的一般要求
International criteria 国际上的要求标准
• Project results in the reductions of emissions CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6,
PFCs, HFCs
项目能产生温室气体减排CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, PFCs, HFCs
• Emission reductions would not have occurred in absence of CDM
没有CDM活动就不会产生该减排
• Emission reductions should be established according to approved
methodologies (newly developed or existing)
应根据已批准的方法学（最新开发的或已经有的）确定减排量

16. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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Project selection criteria – 2
项目选择标准－2
Danish criteria 丹麦的要求标准
• At least 20,000 tons of CO2 equivalent per year至少每年产生2万吨CO2当量
• Market-based CER prices 市场确定CER价格
• Little contractual difficulties expected 很少会产生签约困难
• Project should have good chances of being approved (preference for approved
methodologies, clear additionality, no adverse social and environmental impacts)
项目获得批准的条件比较好（采用已批准的方法学，额外性清晰，没有负
面的社会和环境影响）
• Project should be financially viable with the CDM revenues included, and
technically feasible
项目得到CDM收入支持后应该具备财务可行性和技术可行性
• No sink projects 不包括碳汇项目
• No big dams (hydropower projects) that do not comply with the World
Commission on Dam recommendations
水电项目建设的大坝要符合世界大坝委员会推荐的标准

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Advantages of the procedure 工作程序的优势
Upfront clarity about procedures and legal documents:
预先清楚地说明了工作程序和法律文件：
• Standard LOI and ERPA will be posted on the web, with Chinese translation, and
indicating between square brackets [...] what can be negotiated 标准意向书和减排量
购买协议会在网站公开，配有中文翻译，并用［］标明可以谈判项目
• FAQ list will explain standard LOI and ERPA
FAQ会列出对标准意向书和减排量购买协议的解释
• Review of standard LOI and ERPA requested when submitting a project to the Danish
Facility
向丹麦基金提交项目时要求对标准意向书和减排量购买协议进行审阅
• Project owner should indicate when applying which clauses in standard LOI and ERPA
they do not like 项目所有方提交申请时应表明对标准意向书和减排量购买协议哪
个条款就不同看法
• Facility can assess whether negotiations can be expected to be very difficult and time-
consuming  these projects will be avoided  in the interest of both Denmark and
project owner 基金会对谈判是否进展困难以及所耗时间进行评估 会避开这类项
目 为了丹麦和项目所有方的共同利益
• LOI narrows negotiation space, but takes comments project owner on ERPA in account.
意向书限定了谈判的空间，但考虑了项目所有方对减排量购买协议的意见

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On the web 网站内容
• Website 网址: www.caspervandertakconsulting.com/danida
– Outline of the facility 基金简介
– World Bank PIN and preferably Facility PIN format
世界银行PIN格式及基金推荐使用的PIN格式
– Standard additionality tool of the UNFCCC
UNFCCC额外性论证的标准工具
– Additional information required (only if using the World Bank PIN)
所需的额外信息(仅在采用世界银行PIN格式时需要提供)
– Standard LOI and ERPA (with Chinese translation)
意向书和减排量购买协议的标准文本(含中文翻译)
– FAQ 常见问题
– Presentations 演讲幻灯片
– News 新闻

19. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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About Caspervandertak Consulting
Caspervandertak咨询公司简介
• New company based in the Netherlands 一家新成立的荷兰公司
• Cooperation with Chinese organizations 与中国机构有长期合作
• Work areas 业务领域
– Development cooperation 项目开发合作
– Feasibility studies and soft loans 可行性研究及软贷款
– CDM CDM项目
• Capacity development 能力培养
• Services to project owners (PDD writing, marketing CERs, ERPA negotiations, …)
为项目所有方提供服务(编写项目设计文件，销售核证减排量，进行减排量购
买协议谈判等)
• Procurement services to buyers (Project identification, PDD writing, ERPA
negotiations, …)
为买方提供采购服务(项目识别，项目设计文件编写，减排量购买协议谈判等)
• Website 网站: www.caspervandertakconsulting.com

20. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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Contact information 联系信息
Casper van der Tak 范德华 Jes Brinchmann Christensen
Caspervandertak Consulting Royal Danish Embassy
丹麦大使馆
Telp: +86-10-84505756 +86-10-65322431
Fax: +86-10-84505758 +86-10-65322439
Mobile: +86-13001294612 -
E-mail: pdf@caspervandertakconsulting.com jeschr@um.dk

21. 7 July 2005 Danish CDM Project Development
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Contact Information in Lanzhou
• Joost van Acht
Caspervandertak Consulting
Tel (mobile) : 139 931 25 147
E-mail: pdf@caspervandertakconsulting.com

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Alternative website and e-mail addresses
Per 15 July
E-mail: pdf@cdmasia.org
E-mail: pdf@cdmchina.org
Website: www.cdmasia.org/danida.htm
Website: www.cdmchina.org/danida.htm