4. IPR includes
Patent: exclusive right given by a patent means that no one may use the
invention for professional purposes
Trademark: is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business
organization or other legal entity to identify itself with its products or
services
Design: protects the looks of
the product rather than its functions
Copyright: The creator; the writer,
composer and artists has his/her right
to their intellectual work
5. Background
Sweden China
Concept of Patent first Concept of Patent first
introduced during the 17th introduced during the 21st
century. century
First governmental authority Intellectual property rights
established 1885 (IPRs) have been
The Swedish Patent and acknowledged and protected
Registration Office (PRV) in the People’s Republic of
since 1978 China since 1979.
First governmental authority
established 1980
6. Tradition
Sweden China
Most successful inventors Great civilization for millennia
during the 20th century Until the 15th century, Chinese
During the same time period technological discoveries and
many flourishing companies inventions were often far in
established advance of those in Europe.
Individualistic Culture No sense of protecting what they
Earn Profit and Recognition have invented.
High quality E.g :Traditional Chinese
”Just a little bit” better Medicine(TCM), more than
2000 years ago, NO patent.
7. Swedish inventions
Dynamite (1867)
Spherical Bearings (1907)
Tetra Pak (1944)
Pacemaker (1958)
…and what did the Chinese people do at this time?
8.
9. Chinese Inventions
The famous Four Great Inventions:
Gunpowder (the 9th century )
Printing (in 868 )
Compass (4th-century BC)
Papermaking (AD 105)
...... What were the Swedish doing?
10.
11. Changes in attitude towards IPR
Sweden China
Downloading of Music, Movies etc. Pressure from the West and the
World Trade Organization
Immaterial rights
the State Intellectual Property
Enforcement of IPRED-law Office ("SIPO")
(Intellectual Property Rights Today, SIPO is responsible for
Enforcement Directive) granting patents (national office),
Stealing is illegal but free registering semiconductor layout
downloading should be legal? designs (national office), and
enforcing patents (local SIPO
offices),
coordinating domestic foreign-
related IPR issues involving
copyrights, trademarks and
patents
12. Continued…
Sweden China
Not accepted to look for or buy China’s first patent law was
copied products at home enacted in 1984
…but if we go somewhere else… Chemical and pharmaceutical
Increasing number of so called products, as well as food,
shopping trips to especially beverages, and flavorings are all
China now patentable
Majority of those who go do buy The Chinese Patent Law,
copied products enacted in 1993, for Traditional
Medical Knowledge protection.
Some Chinese own products are
seen E.g
13. However, does it work?
Sweden China
Limitations: Limitations:
Downloading China’s reliance on
Works in the white market administrative
Black Market X Criminal measures
• Private persons Corruption
• Organized criminal groups
Limited training to
Lack resources enforcement officials
Penalties Lack of Public Education
Public Education Present
14. IKEA
In China since 1998
11 Furniture in Kunming
Copied the whole experience of IKEA
How to protect against this?
…luckily, they did not even try to copy…
17. Questions
Why does the Chinese authorities fail to impliment
the laws restricting the copying of products – is it a
question of the mindset or the size of the population
that complicates the issue most?
Do you think that protection IPR is a medium of
boosting creativity or instead rather working in the
opposite direction?
