Presentation for Elsievier workshop for librarians regarding the use of indicators in research policy development.

1. A story about research policy and numbers On research assessment Per M. Koch Director for Analysis and Strategic Development The Research Council of Norway 6th Elsevier Nordic Librarian Forum, Helsinki, Nov 6th 2008

3. A lesson in how to wake up a policy maker

4. Lesson 1: Give her a simple story that anybody can understand

5. The linear model works perfectly in a policy setting Research and technological development in universities, RTOs and companies gives birth to an idea and relevant new knowledge Companies make use of these ideas in the development of new products and processes The company brings the new product to the market

7. The systemic model of learning and innovation is not easily reduced to a one minute sound bite Knowledge of customer and market needs In-house learning market pull New or improved products, processes or services User input Marked knowledge Tacit knowledge Acquired technology Literature Conferences and fairs New employees Commissioned R&D In-house R&D

9. Lesson number 2: Policy makers are number fetishists

16. The Norwegian puzzle, a case study

17. The Norwegian Paradox Low R&D Investements Extreme wealth creation 1,9% 3.5% 2.4% 3.9% 1.5% R&D/GDP 2005 7,7% 110 FI 7,9% 3,9% 7,0% 3.5% Unem-ployment 2006 100 122 115 172 GDP per capita 2005 EU25 DK SE NO

19. EU Innovation Scoreboard indicates a poor innovation capacity Kilde: EU Innovation Scoreboard, 2004 Summary Innovation Index, 2004 EUs innovasjonsindeks 2004 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9

20. But Norway has an extremely high productivity EU 25 Finland EU 15 USA Luxem- burg Norway with oil Sweden Mainland Norway Denmark

27. Norway EU Innovation Scoreboard

28. We need to shift from a technology push perspective to a vision of learning

37. Concepts like “high tech” and “low tech” makes little sense

46. Company Learning Networks innovation Customers and users Suppliers Policy- institutions Financial Institutions R&D Institutions Consultants Public policy Cultural framework International framework Industrial structure Understanding competence flows in the innovation system