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PDP-­‐1,	
  1960	
  




                       Photo	
  ©	
  2009	
  Marcin	
  Wichary,	
  cc-­‐by	
  2.0	
  
PC,	
  1981	
  




                  Photo	
  ©	
  2005	
  Boffy	
  B,	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  3.0	
  
graphics	
  ©	
  2011Jordy	
  Houtman	
  with	
  permission	
  
PC	
  workflow	
  today	
  




                       graphics	
  ©	
  2008	
  HereToHelp,	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  3.0	
  
PC	
  workflow	
  today	
  




                       graphics	
  ©	
  2008	
  HereToHelp,	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  3.0	
  
                                   open	
  clip	
  art	
  by	
  tango	
  and	
  vexar	
  
2010	
  


                2006	
                                                                    Photo	
  ©	
  2010	
  John	
  Abella	
  cc-­‐by	
  2.0	
  




RepRap	
  


                                                                                      Photo	
  ©	
  2010	
  John	
  Abella	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  2.0	
  




UlRimaker	
  
                                                                                      Photo	
  ©	
  2010	
  John	
  Abella	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  2.0	
  




MakerBot	
  

Fab@Home	
  
Diagram	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  Emmanuel	
  Gilloz,	
  GNU	
  FDL	
  1.2	
                 Photo	
  ©	
  2010	
  Robert	
  Hunta	
  cc-­‐by	
  2.0	
  
1987!
z  Stereolithography (solidy liquid polymer using a laser)	
  !




               1991!
               z  Fused Deposit Modelling (extruding thermoplastic)!
               z  Solid Ground Curing (SL for whole layers)!
               z  Laminated Object Manufacturing (bond and cut sheet material)!
                       1993!




                       z  Direct Shell Production Casting (binding powder)!
                                   1996!




                                                  2000!
                                                          2001!




                                                                     2006!
                                   3D printers


                                                                             RepRap
PC	
  workflow	
  today	
  




                       graphics	
  ©	
  2008	
  HereToHelp,	
  cc-­‐by-­‐sa	
  3.0	
  
                                         Photo	
  ©	
  2011,	
  ulRmaker.com	
  
Kitchentable Industrialist	
  
  Anand	
  Giridharadas,	
  NY	
  Times	
  Magazine,	
  2011	
  

Atoms are the New Bits	
  
  Chris	
  Anderson,	
  Wired,	
  2010	
  

Factory@home 	
  
  Hod	
  Lipson,	
  Melba	
  Kurman,	
  2010	
  
Eric	
  von	
  Hippel,	
  Jeroen	
  P.J.	
  de	
  Jong,	
  Stephen	
  
                       Flowers,	
  2010	
  
Comparing	
  business	
  and	
  household	
  sector	
  
innovaRon	
  in	
  consumer	
  products	
  
	
  
N=1173	
  
6.2	
  %	
  of	
  UK	
  consumers	
  
In aggregate, consumers’ annual product development
expenditures are 2.3 times larger than the annual consumer
product R&D expenditure of all firms in the UK combined.
3rd	
  Industrial	
  RevoluRon	
  
•  Neil	
  Gershenfeld	
  (2005)	
  	
  
   ‘Fab.	
  The	
  Coming	
  RevoluRon	
  on	
  Your	
  Desktop’	
  
•  Jeremy	
  Rifin	
  (2011)	
  	
  
   ‘The	
  Third	
  Industrial	
  RevoluRon—How	
  Lateral	
  
   Power	
  is	
  Transforming	
  Energy,	
  the	
  Economy,	
  
   and	
  the	
  World’.	
  	
  
•  Chris	
  Anderson	
  (2012)	
  	
  
   ‘Makers.	
  The	
  New	
  Industrial	
  RevoluRon’	
  	
  

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Making revolution

  • 1. PDP-­‐1,  1960   Photo  ©  2009  Marcin  Wichary,  cc-­‐by  2.0  
  • 2. PC,  1981   Photo  ©  2005  Boffy  B,  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  3.0  
  • 3. graphics  ©  2011Jordy  Houtman  with  permission  
  • 4. PC  workflow  today   graphics  ©  2008  HereToHelp,  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  3.0  
  • 5.
  • 6. PC  workflow  today   graphics  ©  2008  HereToHelp,  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  3.0   open  clip  art  by  tango  and  vexar  
  • 7. 2010   2006   Photo  ©  2010  John  Abella  cc-­‐by  2.0   RepRap   Photo  ©  2010  John  Abella  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  2.0   UlRimaker   Photo  ©  2010  John  Abella  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  2.0   MakerBot   Fab@Home   Diagram    ©  2011  Emmanuel  Gilloz,  GNU  FDL  1.2   Photo  ©  2010  Robert  Hunta  cc-­‐by  2.0  
  • 8. 1987! z  Stereolithography (solidy liquid polymer using a laser)  ! 1991! z  Fused Deposit Modelling (extruding thermoplastic)! z  Solid Ground Curing (SL for whole layers)! z  Laminated Object Manufacturing (bond and cut sheet material)! 1993! z  Direct Shell Production Casting (binding powder)! 1996! 2000! 2001! 2006! 3D printers RepRap
  • 9. PC  workflow  today   graphics  ©  2008  HereToHelp,  cc-­‐by-­‐sa  3.0   Photo  ©  2011,  ulRmaker.com  
  • 10.
  • 11. Kitchentable Industrialist   Anand  Giridharadas,  NY  Times  Magazine,  2011   Atoms are the New Bits   Chris  Anderson,  Wired,  2010   Factory@home   Hod  Lipson,  Melba  Kurman,  2010  
  • 12. Eric  von  Hippel,  Jeroen  P.J.  de  Jong,  Stephen   Flowers,  2010   Comparing  business  and  household  sector   innovaRon  in  consumer  products     N=1173   6.2  %  of  UK  consumers   In aggregate, consumers’ annual product development expenditures are 2.3 times larger than the annual consumer product R&D expenditure of all firms in the UK combined.
  • 13. 3rd  Industrial  RevoluRon   •  Neil  Gershenfeld  (2005)     ‘Fab.  The  Coming  RevoluRon  on  Your  Desktop’   •  Jeremy  Rifin  (2011)     ‘The  Third  Industrial  RevoluRon—How  Lateral   Power  is  Transforming  Energy,  the  Economy,   and  the  World’.     •  Chris  Anderson  (2012)     ‘Makers.  The  New  Industrial  RevoluRon’