1. The document discusses how cellular networks can track user location using cell IDs and how this location data can be accessed through APIs and used by applications. However, network location has inaccuracies related to cell size and location technology used. 2. It also covers different location technologies available on smartphones like GPS, cellular, and WiFi and how location APIs allow applications to request and receive location data. Examples of location-based applications and services are given. 3. Emerging trends in location technologies and applications are predicted, including the growing use of augmented reality, indoor location services, and virtual worlds on mobile devices.

1. 1
Situational Web
UK Museums on the Web 2009
Web connectivity and location based services
Paul Golding
wirelesswanders.com
Copyright Paul Golding, 2009
Saturday, 5 December 2009

2. 2
Cells have IDs = location
You’re in cell
111, 113, 115
Can be aggregated
115 Might be free!
111 x,y, radius,
112 113 postcode, landmarks....
114 Web
App
API
Location Location
Cellular networks inherently Gateway enabled
track location using cell ID app
Cell IDs are broadcast = public can access them
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

3. 3
Location inaccuracies
“Nearest”
according to network
Where’s
nearest?
Must also have good
self-location UI
Actual
nearest
E-OTD
TDOA
AOA
Extent of problem related to cell size, location technology
and geo-coding/application intelligence
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

4. Network location works well in urban areas 4
UK Networks:
Dense urban: 300m
Semi-urban: 600m - 1200m
Rural: 1km - 10km
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

5. Devices and device apps 5
iPhone 3G: GPS, Cell, WiFi Google Maps: GPS, Cell
Smartphone/GPS
penetration:
est. 80% 2015
Loki: WiFi, Cell (Skyhook Wireless Inc.)
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

6. 6
Location programming interfaces
Network API
Report (GPS)
Application Request (MSISDN) Model
HTTP
Request (Cell, MSISDN) View
API
Location Managers:
Controller
Yahoo Fire Eagle,
Google Latitude
App Server
Location e.g. Location API
Framework HTML5
WiFi Cell GPS
GIS Geo-coded
(e.g. Google Maps) Content
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

7. 7
Trigger-based Location
Location events are
asynchronous (i.e. to user query)
Polling - including AJAX -
inefficient (battery life)
Network based triggering, but
still needs location (e.g. GPS x,y)
Various architectural
possibilities, but not supported
on UK networks
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

8. 8
Proximity Services
Short-range sensor-based services: Possibilities for use indoors:
RFID and various contactless systems
(e.g. NFC, Tikitag)
Barcode scanners (Ecrio MoBeam)
QR-codes (photo scanning)
Bluetooth/WiFi/Zig-Bee (e.g. Ekahau)
Visual recognition (augmented reality)
Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Saturday, 5 December 2009

9. Augmented reality applications 9
Wikitude
http://www.augmentreality.co.uk/
Junaio
Saturday, 5 December 2009

10. 10
Tactile MAR
Saturday, 5 December 2009

11. 11
Thumb 3rd-eye culture
New discovery mechanism for digital services
and objects
Disintermediation of advertising
Disintermediation of architecture/design
New type of attention data
Elasticity of destination
Increasingly won’t require markers (e.g.
barcodes)
Saturday, 5 December 2009

12. Virtual locations...
Saturday, 5 December 2009

13. Virtual World Age 5
Registered www.kzero.co.uk
Second Life (33) Twinity (36) Jumpstart
Accounts Utherverse (32) 2m
17m
2009
Chuggington
Q1 2009 Blue Mars 2150
15m
Woogiworld
Handipoints
Age 30+ GeoSim
1m Age 8
HiPiHi 13m 2008
(30) Philly (31)
Chapatiz
Amazing
Worlds Ecobuddies
VMK NuNu
Virtual
Near 2007 Konstruction Zone
Xivio
ERepublic Hello Kitty
Buildabearville
3m
world
2m Ridemakerz
5m Webkinz
Football 2006 Whirled
Superstars Action Allstars
ActionJetz
Explosion
Coaches Centre Robot Galaxy
17m Barbie Girls
15m Webcarzz
12m
Cyber Town 2005 40m Poptropica
20m
Chobots
Fusion Fall
WilliNilli
Omnidate Moshi Monsters
1m Cars
Age 25 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Age 10
Franktown Dizzywood
MinyanLand LEGO Universe
Mycosm Medikidz
45m 50m Neopets
2m
SceneCaster 2m Digital Dollhouse
2005 Club PonyPals
iheartland 3m Whyville
Saddle Club
Activeworlds 1m Webosaurs
Kiwi Heroes
Onverse 10Vox Papermint
12m Vizwoz
Interzone 2006
SportsBLOX 19m Green Zoopri
ClubCooee Faketown 22m Club Penguin
Twinners 1.5m Galactik Football
Weblin 2m My Mini Life
1.5m 1.5m 90m Precious Girls Club
Kaneva
Black Mamba 2m 3m 2007 100m
There 1m Spineworld
Coke
MTV 3D 4m Studio Audree’s World
124m Habbo
vMTV Vivaty 20m Home 6m
Yoggurt
30m Girl Ambition 8m
NASA
IMVU vLES SmallWorlds 2008 goSupermodel
12m 19m
Freggers
Age 20 17m Muxlim Planet Cazmo Age 13
sMeet 7m
vSide 4m 13m Lively Upper Deck U
24m
Live or open beta C3L3B Outspark 8m
Meez 15m 21m
Launched in Gaia Frenzoo 2009 26m
Rocketon 1m
26m Roiworld WeeWorld
In development/private beta Ourworld Taatu
Stardoll
No data shown for worlds under 1m registered accounts. Includes estimates.
Closed/closing
Copyright KZero 2006-2009
Age 15 Permission required prior to republishing
Monday, 23 December 2009
Saturday, 5 February 2009

14. Museum
art?
Augmented
Virtuality
smallworlds.com
Youtube ATM
Saturday, 5 December 2009

15. 15
Conversation via place...
flook.it
Gaming!
Card
Card
location based messaging? “serendipitous discovery engine?”
Saturday, 5 December 2009

16. 16
Trends/predictions:
Smartphones will achieve 80% penetration by 2015 (LTE emergence)
Embedded video, CSS transforms, GPS, HTML5
Smartphones will become the standard device for MAR
A tipping-point/craze for AR or locative messaging by 2013 (UGC)
Location will be a key “web 3.0” enabler
Indoor MAR will become popular means of venue/shopping/event
enhancement within 3 years
Kids 8-14 spend >50% online time in virtual worlds (2013)
VR/VW (3D) will emerge as the new UI metaphor for some handsets
Saturday, 5 December 2009

17. Paul Golding
wirele!wanders.com
Fo"ow:
@pgolding
goldingp@gmail.com
Saturday, 5 December 2009