GSM Based Irrigation Control System are widely Used For the Farmers.This Is my major project

2. AIM:
Designing an embedded system which can completely
help a former to supply water to the crops by sending
messages in Irrigation field.
 This project deals with irrigation application.
 Physical effort and inconvenience
 Loss/ Frequent damage of irrigation equipment
 Wastage of water and electricity
Objective

3. INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
“GSM based Control System” implements the emerging applications of the
GSM technology. Using GSM networks, a control system has been proposed
that will act as an embedded system which can monitor and control
appliances and other devices locally using built-in input and output
peripherals.
 Remotely the system allows the user to effectively monitor and control
the house/office appliances and equipments via the mobile phone set by
sending commands in the form of SMS messages and receiving the
appliances status.
The main concept behind the project is receiving the sent SMS and
processing it further as required to perform several operations. The type of
the operation to be performed depends on the nature of the SMS sent.

4. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): It is a
cellular communication standard. SMS (Short Message Service):
It is a service available on most digital mobile phones that permit
the sending of short messages (also known as text messaging
service).
Technology has advanced so much in the last decade or two
that it has made life more efficient and comfortable. The
comfort of being able to take control of devices from one
particular location has become imperative as it saves a lot of
time and effort. Therefore there arises a need to do so in a
systematic manner which we have tried to implement with our
system. The system we have proposed is an extended approach to
automating a control system.

5. The new age of technology has redefined communication. Most people
nowadays have access to mobile phones and thus the world indeed has
become a global village.
At any given moment, any particular individual can be contacted with
the mobile phone. But the application of mobile phone can not just be
restricted to sending SMS or starting conversations.
New innovations and ideas can be generated from it that can further
enhance its capabilities. Technologies such as Infra-red, Bluetooth, etc
which has developed in recent years goes to show the very fact that
improvements are in fact possible and these improvements have eased our
life and the way we live.
GSM Based Smart Irrigation Control
Background

6. What is GSM TEChnology
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial
Mobile), is a standard developed by the European Telecommunication
Standard Institude (ETSI) to describe protocols for second generation (2G)
Digital Cellular Network Used By mobile Phones . It is the de facto global
standard for mobile communications with over 90% market share, and is
available in over 219 countries and territories.
The GSM standard was developed as a replacement for first generation(1G)
analog cellular networks, and originally described a digital, circuit-switched
network optimized for Full Duplex and voice Telephony This was expanded
over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched
transport, then Packet data transfer by GPRS (General Packet Radio
Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or
EGPRS).

7. This GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM card and act just like a
mobile phone with its own unique phone number.
Advantage of using this modem will be that you can use its RS232 port to communicate
and develop embedded applications.
Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and logging can be developed
easily. It can be used to send and receive SMS or make/receive voice calls. It can also be used
in GPRS mode to connect to internet and do many applications for data logging and control.
In GPRS mode you can also connect to any remote FTP server and upload files for data
logging.
Supports features like Voice, SMS, Data/Fax, GPRS and integrated TCP/IP stack.
APPLICATIONS
 SMS based Remote Control & Alerts
 Security Applications
Sensor Monitoring
GPRS Mode Remote Data Logging
GSM MODULE 300

8. A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects
electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other
features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.
Printed circuit boards are used in all but the simplest electronic products.
PCB DESINGNING
Printed circuit board artwork generation was initially a fully manual process
done on clear mylar sheets at a scale of usually 2 or 4 times the desired size.
MANUFACTURING
1.Patterning
In subtractive methods the unwanted copper is removed to leave only the
desired copper pattern. .
Direct laser imaging techniques are sometimes used for high-resolution
requirements.
1.Design

9. Patterning
In subtractive methods the unwanted copper is removed to leave only the
desired copper pattern. In additive methods the pattern is electroplated onto
a bare substrate using a complex process.
The pattern in the manufacturer's PCB CAM system is usually output on a
photomask (photo-tool, film) by a photoplotter and replicated via silk screen
printing or by exposing on a photo-sensitive photoresist coating. Direct laser
imaging techniques are sometimes used for high-resolution requirements.
Manufacturing
Additive processes adds desired copper traces to an insulating substrate.
In the full additive process the bare laminate is covered with a
photosensitive film which is imaged (exposed to light though a mask and
then developed which removes the unexposed film).
Additive Process

10. Chemical etching
Chemical etching is usually done with ammonium per sulphate or ferric chloride

11. Holes through a PCB are typically drilled with small-diameter
It is also possible with controlled-depth drilling, laser drilling, or by pre-
drilling the individual sheets of the PCB
Assembly
In surface-mount construction, the components are placed
on pads or lands on the outer surfaces of the PCB
Copper thickness
Copper thickness of PCBs can be specified as units of length (in micrometers
or mils) but is often specified as weight of copper per area (in ounce per
square foot) which is easier to measure
Drilling

12. LAYOUT DESIGN

13. POWER SUPPLY
Practical View

14. It basically operates as an ON/OFF toggle switch controlled
Its output is high at power on and gives 5 volts. When it senses pulsed IR
rays, its output becomes low.
Transformer
A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers energy by inductive
coupling between its winding circuits
Bridge rectifier
When four diodes are connected as shown in figure, the circuit is called as
bridge rectifier
One advantage of a bridge rectifier over a conventional full-wave rectifier
is that with a given transformer the bridge rectifier produces a voltage
output that is nearly twice that of the conventional full-wave circuit.
Working Principal of Power Supply

15. Component List
 Transformer
 Voltage Regulator (LM7805)
 ATmega8 IC
 Capacitor 1.Electrolyte 2.Ceramic
 Resistor
 Diode
 Crystal Oscillator
 MOC3021-Optocoupler
Devices
GSM Module 300
16*2 LCD display
AC Motor

16. A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers energy by
inductive coupling between its winding circuits.
A varying current in the primary winding creates a varying magnetic
flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying magnetic flux through
the secondary winding.
This varying magnetic flux induces a varying electromotive force (emf)
or voltage in the secondary winding. Transformers can be used to vary the
relative voltage of circuits or isolate them, or both
Transformer

17. When four diodes are connected as shown in figure, the circuit is called
as bridge rectifier. The input to the circuit is applied to the diagonally
opposite corners of the network, and the output is taken from the
remaining two corners
Bridge Rectifier

18. IC Voltage Regulator
 LM7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. it is a member of 78xx
series of fixed linear voltage regulator ics.
The voltage regulator ic maintains the output voltage at a constant
value. the xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to
provide.
 7805 provides +5v regulated power supply. capacitors of suitable values
can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective
voltage levels.

19. BLOCK DIAGRAM

20. Hardware tools
• Regulated power supply.
• AVR microcontroller.
• GSM Module.
• Relay.
• AVR Studio 4.18
Software tools

21. MICROCONTROLLER
ATMEGA 8

22. Pin Diagram
VCC- Digital supply voltage.
GND- Ground
Port B (PB7..PB0)
XTAL1/XTAL2/TOSC1/TOSC2
Port C (PC5..PC0)
PC6/RESET
Port D (PD7..PD0)
AVCC
AREF

23. The fundamental relation for the capacitance between two flat plates separated
by a dielectric material is given by: -
C=0.08854KA/D
Where: -
C= capacitance in pf.
K= dielectric constant
A=Area per plate in square cm.
D=Distance between two plates in cm
Capacitor

24. Resistor
A Resistor is a heat-dissipating element and in the electronic circuits it is mostly
used for either controlling the current in the circuit or developing a voltage drop
across it, which could be utilized for many applications. There are various types of
resistors
Crystal Osscilator
A piezoelectric crystal is an electronic circuit that uses the
mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of
piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a
very precise frequency. This frequency is commonly used to
keep track of time (as in quartz wristwatches), to provide
a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to
stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.

25. MOC3021-Optocoupler
PIN LAYOUT PIN Description

26. Block Diagram of GSM
Connection diagram
GSM MODEM
The GSM modem being a serial communication device is connected to
the serial port or a serial device through a serial connector. The power
input to the modem is given through a 9v ac adapter

27. WORKING BLOCK DIAGRAM

28. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

29. GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication.
It is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication.
GSM is the name of a standardization group established in
1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard that
would formulate specifications for a pan-European mobile cellular
radio system operating at 900 MHz
The GSM modem basically consists of a
SIM card holder to hold the activated SIM card for sending and
receiving SMS.
5V AC power supply header to which the 5v ac adapter is connected.
Power led which gives the indication of modem status that is on or off.
9 pin female to which the GSM antenna is connected.
DESCRIPTION

30. APPLICATIONS:
 Electronics applications and consumer devices
 Industrial automation and process control software.
 Home appliances
 Security alerts

31. CONNECTION DIAGRAM
This is how we connect Gsm Modems Based Irrigation Water Pump
Controller for Illiterates to the motor

32. ADVANTAGES
DIS-ADVANTAGES
 Low power consumption
Global range
Easy to operate
Flexible to run at specific intervals
 Communication delays
 Not work in remote areas
 Undetectable internal problems in motor

33. Cellular Network Support
• Agromate is just like a mobile phone…..
• Will support GSM SIM from any provider
• Users can choose the provider that gives better
signal

34. Mobile phone support
• Agromate can be operated from any mobile phone
• Supports GSM, CDMA and Land line
• Android application for smart phones

35. SAVE
Electricity Water Time Man Power

36. Conclusion
The project “Gsm Modems Based Irrigation
Water Pump Controller for Illiterates.” has been
successfully designed and tested.
Secondly, using highly advanced IC’s and
with the help of growing technology the project
has been successfully implemented.
It took great change and flexible to the
farmer while power cuts